INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

Presented by

Gabriel Dorcas
 History and Development

The computer has evolved through

centuries. From the time the man first
started using arithmetic, he had been
inventing devices to handle numbers.
Then the first calculating device Abacus
invented around 3000bc. It was very
useful in early times for calculating
numbers.
 Definition

Mechanical counting
devices are those devices that
involve the use of physical
force to operate them.
Examples are:
1.Abacus
2.Astrolabe
3.Slide rule
4.Pascaline
5.Reckoner
6.Napier bones
 Abacus
The PEOPLE who originally used the abacus
were Babylonians. The abacus was invented as far
back as 500 BC. The cranmer abacus was invented
by Tim Cranmer in 1962. The definition of
an abacus is a simple device you can use to make
manual mathematical calculations by sliding
counters along rows of wires set inside a frame. It
is composed of rectangular wooden frame
carrying several parallel wires. Each wire
supports an number of beads. These beads are
free to move along length of each wire when
 Astrolabe
An astrolabe is a two-dimensional model of
the celestial sphere. The name has its origins
from the Greek words astro meaning star
and labio meaning finder. It is used
for reckoning time and for observational
purposes. An early astrolabe was invented in
the Hellenistic civilization by Apollonius of
Perga between 220 and 150 BC
 Slide Rule
Napier idea of Logarithms soon gave birth to an
other useful Calculating device called Slide Rule.
Reverend William Oughtred invented the slide rule
in 1622. It consists of two rule scales; the rule and
the slide and a transparent rectangular moving
piece called cursor.
The cursor is capable to move smoothly on the
slide rule.
 Pascaline

In 1642, Blasé Pascal Invented a machine

called Pascaline that could add and
subtract at the age of 19. It consisted of
series of wheels or dials. Each dial had
10 digits from 0 to 9 on it. These dials
were geared with drums.
Stepped reckoner

In 1672, Gottfried Wilhelm Von

Leibnitz invented a calculating
device which could not only
add and subtract but also
multiply and divide.
Napier Bones

In 1614, John Napier Invented

Logarithms and a calculating device
called Napier Bones or Rods. This
invention helped people to multiply as
well it was fast and accurate
‘The Énd’