Early Calculating Devices

Abacus : Abacus was the first calculating machine invented to count large
numbers. It was invented about 5000 years ago in china. It is a device
consisting of frame of rods,with easily sliding beads on them.

Abacus
Simple calculations like addition and subtraction can be done on Abacus by
sliding the beads along the rods. Abacus was also called a counting frame.

Napier's Bones : Napier's Bones, also called Napier's rods were invented by
scottish mathematician JOHN NAPIER in 1614.

Napier's Bones

It was made up of a set of rods. It was meant for simple calculations like
addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of numbers, later on. It
was improved to find the square root of number.

Pascaline Calculator : Blaise Pascal invented the first mechanical calculator

in 1641 called Arithmatique or Pascaline. It had a box with eight movable
wheels called dials. The number for calculations were entered in dials it
could add, subtract, divide and multiply the numbers. Pascline could
handle numbers up to 999999999.

Difference Engine :In 1800s, Charles Babbage designed the automatic

calculating engine, The difference Engine. It could perform complex
mathematical calculations.

( Charles Babbage is Known as Father of computer)

Analytical Engine : In 1833, the first mechanical computer was developed
by Charles Babbage. this named as Analytical Engine. This machine laid the
foundation of modern computer.

IBM MARK -1 :IBM MARK-1 was the first electromechanical computer

developed in 1943 by Grace Hopper. It was very large in size. This was
considered as the first computer in real sense.