Adjective Clauses

This is the man

His wife killed the snake.

Accusative case: “the boy” is not the subject of the sentence.

This is the boy.

Same thing in different grammatical cases.

The boy wants to be a pilot.

He
Nominative case: “The boy” is the subject of the sentence.
 This is the boy.

The boy wants to be a pilot.

 This is the boy

who
The that
boy wants to be a pilot.
 Nominative case: “the boy” is the subject of the sentence.

The boy is here.

Same thing with the same grammatical cases.

The boy wants to be a pilot.

He
Nominative case: “The boy” is the subject of the sentence.
The boy is here.

The boy wants to be a pilot.

The boy is here.

who
that
The boy wants to be a pilot
The boy who wants to be a pilot is here.
that
 This is the lion.
Same thing in different grammatical cases.

The lion killed the man.

It
 This is the lion.

The lion killed the hunter.

This is the lion

which
that
The lion killed the hunter.
This is the lion which killed the hunter.
that
The wind which / that blew
yesterday was very devastating.
 These strawberries came from
Amman.

The strawberries were used to

decorate the cake.
These strawberries, (which/that)
were used to decorate the cake ,
came from Amman.
Accusative case: “the man” is not the subject of the sentence.

This is the man.

I met him in Paris last summer.

object of a verb
Accusative case: “him” is the object of a verb in the sentence.
 This is the man .I met in Paris last s

whom
I met that
him in Paris last summer.

Ø
This is the man whom I met in Paris last summer.
that
Ø
 Nominative case: “the boy” is the subject of the sentence.

The boy is here.

I met him in Paris last summer.

object of a verb
Accusative case: “him” is the object of a verb in the sentence.
The boy is here.

I met him in Paris last summer.

 The boy is here.
I met in Paris last summer

whom
I met that
him in Paris last summer.

Ø
The boy whom I met in Paris last summer is here.
that
Ø
 Accusative case: “the van” is not the subject of the sentence.

This is the van.

I rented it last week.

object of a verb
Accusative case: “it” is the object of a verb in the sentence.
 This is the van . I rented last week.

which
I rentedthat
it last week.
Ø
This is the van which I rented last week.
that
Ø
This is the man

whose
His wife killed the snake.
wife
This is the man

I am going to marry his daughter.

This isThis
the isman whose
the man daughter I am going to marry.

whose daughter

I am going to marry his daughter.

 For the subject

_________who_____________
_________that_____________
 For the subject

_________which_____________
_________that_____________
 For the object of a verb

_________whom_____________
_________that_____________
__________Ø_______________
 For the object of a verb

_________which_____________
_________that_____________
__________Ø_______________
 For the object of a preposition

_________whom_____________ from
_________that _____________ from
__________Ø_______________ from
_________from whom_____________
 For the object of a preposition

_________which_____________ from
_________that _____________ from
__________Ø _______________ from
_________from which_____________
 Replacing (her, his, their, its)

_________whose (…)______________
 Relative Clauses, Relative Pronouns
In each question below combine the two simple sentences into
one complex sentence. Use sentence (a) as the main clause
and sentence (b) as the relative clause. Give ALL possible
forms of the complex sentence (Omit the relative pronoun and
use Ø if possible.)
a) I talked to the girl.
b) Her car had broken down in front of the shop.

_____________________________________
a) I talked to the girl.
b) Her car had broken down in front of the shop.

I talked to the girl whose car had

broken down in front of the shop.
a) Where is the applicant?
b) We urgently need his services.

_____________________________________
 a) Where is the applicant?
b) We urgently need his services.

Where is the applicant whose services we

urgently need ?
a) Mr. Brown is a taxi driver.
b) He lives on the corner.

________________________________
________________________________
a) Mr. Brown is a taxi driver.
b) He lives on the corner.

1. Mr. Brown who lives on the corner is

a taxi driver.

2. Mr. Brown that lives on the corner is

a taxi driver.
a) Where is the man?
b) He ordered coffee.

________________________________
________________________________
a) Where is the man?
b) He ordered coffee.

1. Where is the man who ordered coffee?

2. Where is the man that ordered coffee?

a) The car is very fast.

b) It was manufactured in Italy .

________________________________
________________________________
 a) The car is very fast.

b) It was manufactured in Italy .

1. The car which was manufactured in Italy

is very fast.
2. The car that was manufactured in Italy
is very fast.
a) The apple is now inedible.

b) It fell behind the table five days ago.

________________________________
________________________________
 a) The apple is now inedible.

b) It fell behind the table five days ago.

1. The apple which fell behind the

table five days ago is now inedible.
2. The apple that fell behind the table
five days ago is now inedible.
a) The tourist comes from Italy.
b) We met her in Petra last summer.

_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
a) The tourist comes from Italy.
b) We met her in Petra last summer.

1. The tourist whom we met in Petra

last summer comes from Italy.
2. The tourist that we met in Petra
last summer comes from Italy.
3. The tourist Ø we met in Petra
last summer comes from Italy.
a) The robot needs a new program.
b) That scientist built it last month.

_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
a) The robot needs a new program.
b) That scientist built it last month.

1. The robot which that scientist built

_________________________________
last month needs a new program.
_________________________________
2. The robot that that scientist built
_________________________________
last month needs a new program.
3. The robot Ø that scientist built
last month needs a new program.
a) Where is the bottle of Coke?
b) I bought the bottle this morning.

_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
 a) Where is the bottle of Coke?
b) I bought the bottle this morning.
1. Where is the bottle of Coke which I
_____________________________________bought
this morning ?
_________
2. Where is the bottle of Coke that I bought
this morning ?
3. Where is the bottle of Coke Ø I bought
this morning ?
a) The woman works at my office.
b) You are talking about her.

_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
 a) The woman works at my office.
b) You are talking about her.
1. The woman whom you are talking about works
at my office.
_________________________________
2. The woman that you are talking about works
_________________________________
at my office.
_________________________________
3. The woman Ø you are talking about works
at my office.
4. The woman about whom you are talking works
at my office.
a) The book is on the upper shelf.
b) I hid her letter in it.

_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
 a) The book is on the upper shelf.
b) I hid her letter in it.

_________________________________
1. The book which I hid her letter in is on the
_________________________________
upper shelf.
_________________________________
2. The book that I hid her letter in is on the
upper shelf.
3. The book Ø I hid her letter in is on the
upper shelf.
4. The book in which I hid her letter is on the
upper shelf.
 I thanked the woman.
She helps me all the time.
 I thanked the woman.
She helps me all the time.

I thanked the woman who helps me all the time.

that
Mr. Hani gave us an exam.
It lasted one hour.
 Mr. Hani gave us an exam.
It lasted one hour.

He gave us an exam which lasted one hour .

that
I borrowed these books to do research for my thesis.
They are more than 200 pages long.
I borrowed these books to do research for my thesis.
They are more than 200 pages long.

I borrowed these books which are more than

200 pages long to do research for my thesis.

I borrowed these books that are more than

200 pages long to do research for my thesis.
The students are from China.
I know them.
 The students are from China.
I know them.
The students whom I know are from China.
that
Ø
 The movie was good.
We watched it together last Friday.
 The movie was good.
We watched it together last Friday.
The movie which / that / Ø we watched
together last Friday was good.
 I still have that book.
I borrowed it last month.
 I still have that book.
I borrowed it last month.

I still have that book which / that / Ø I

borrowed last month.
Use who, which, that, Ø , or whose :
( Write all possible answers)

1 - Where is the bottle of Coke ………I bought this

morning?

2 - I talked to the girl ………………car had crashed in

front of the shop.

3 - Mr. Jones, …………………… is a taxi driver, lives

near the corner.

4 - He cleaned the car …………… had an accident.

5 - What did you do with the money ………. your

mother lent you?
 Note!!!!!

(Ahmad, the boy/ the man) whom /that/ Ø

 Note!!!!!

(The cat, the car, the fish) which /that / Ø

 Note!!!!!

whom / that / Ø ( I /the man / he / your brother)

(as object pronouns)
 Note!!!!!

whom / that / Ø (as object pronouns) ... No verb

……. comes
after them
 Note!!!!!

which/ that / Ø (as object pronouns) ..... No verb

comes
after them
 Note!!!!!

who/ that (as subject pronouns) ..... No noun or

pronoun comes

after them.
 Note!!!!!

which/ that (as subject pronouns) ..... No noun or

pronoun comes

after them.
 Note!!!!!

who as an object relative pronoun is

INFORMAL. Don’t use it.

Please only use whom / that / Ø as object

relative pronouns .
That is the boy ( who - whom –
that - Ø) I saw helping the old
lady.
That is the boy ( who - whom –
that - Ø) I saw helping the old
lady.
 That is the boy ( who - whom -
that - Ø) told me that he helped the
old lady.
 That is the boy ( who - whom -
that - Ø) told me that he helped the
old lady.
Miss Raghad, ( who - whom - Ø)
is a dentist , lives on the corner.
Miss Raghad, ( who - whom - Ø)
is a dentist , lives on the corner.
This is the girl (who - whom - that - Ø)
comes from Spain.
This is the girl (who - whom - that - Ø)
comes from Spain.
 That's Mohammad, the boy (who -
whom - that - Ø) has just arrived at the
airport.
 That's Mohammad, the boy (who -
whom - that - Ø) has just arrived at the
airport.
Deema is the girl (who - whom -
that - Ø) I met on Friday.
Deema is the girl (who - whom -
that - Ø) I met on Friday.
 The waiter (who - whom - that -
Ø) we gave the tip was very pleased.
 The waiter (who - whom - that -
Ø) we gave the tip was very pleased.
The pupils (who - whom - that - Ø)
he was speaking to were very noisy.
The pupils (who - whom - that - Ø)
he was speaking to were very noisy.
The man (who - whom - that - Ø)
you saw yesterday is my uncle.
The man (who - whom - that - Ø)
you saw yesterday is my uncle.
A friend (who - whom - that - Ø) I have been
expecting for two hours hasn’t arrived yet.
A friend (who - whom - that - Ø) I have been
expecting for two hours hasn’t arrived yet.
The boy ....... bag was stolen is over
there.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The boy ....... bag was stolen is over
there.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The man ....... interviewed you is
the boss.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The man ....... interviewed you is
the boss.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The man ........ wanted to see you
left a few minutes ago.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The man ........ wanted to see you
left a few minutes ago.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
 The man ....... house was robbed
has arrived.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
 The man ....... house was robbed
has arrived.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
Reem has lost the paper ...... she had
written your phone number on.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
Reem has lost the paper ...... she had
written your phone number on.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
-Where are the young ladies ........ called
for the taxi?
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
-Where are the young ladies ........ called
for the taxi?
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The man ..... answered the phone
was rather rude.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The man ..... answered the phone
was rather rude.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The people …………...... moved in
next door seem very friendly
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The people …………...... moved in
next door seem very friendly
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The film, ...... director is Al Aqqad,
won many international prizes.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom
The film, ...... director is Al Aqqad,
won many international prizes.
[ ] who [ ] which
[ ] whose [ ] whom