Lesson 5

STATES,
NATIONS &
GLOBALIZATION
 STATES

 Meaning
 Elements
 Types; &
 Duties
Meaning of STATE

 is a political community that

has sovereign jurisdiction
over a clearly defined
territory, and exercises
authority through several
institutions, including the
government.
 Elements of
State

 Sovereignty refers to both

jurisdiction (the ability of a
state to exercise its authority
over its territory and people)
and independence (the freedom
from external control).
 Elements of
State

 Government is the
machinery of the state
through which the people’s
will is formulated and
carried out.
 Elements of
State
 Territory includes all
the land, sea, and
airspace the state
exercises jurisdiction
on.
 Elements of
State
 People or population is
the organization of
human beings living
together as a
community.
3 Types of State

Type Characteristics
Effective • The state controls and
taxes the entire
territory.
• Laws are mostly obeyed.
• The state provides general
welfare and security.
• There exists only minor
corruption.
3 Types of State

Type Characteristics
   Crime has penetrated politics.
   Government is weak in fighting
Weak lawlessness, corruption, and
poverty.
 Justice is bought and elections
are often rigged.
 Governmental revenues go to
private pockets.
3 Types of State

Type Characteristics
  • No national government
  exists.
Failed • The state is ruled by
warlords, private army, and
militias.
• “Gun” is the law.
• Education and health
standards decline.
 Duties of STATE

1. Peace and order and national

security
2. Political harmony or good laws
3. Social justice
4. Economic development
5. Individual and collective
development of people
 NATION
 is a group of people bound
together by certain
characteristics and shares
the same history,
ancestry, culture, and
language.
 NATION
Nation as “imagined
communities”
 it is imagined because even though
people do not know each other or do
not meet all the members, they
share the same common history,
culture, language and tradition
that are practiced by every member.
NATION-STATE
• The integration of the state and
the nation forms the nation-
state.
• As an entity, its strength relies
on the fusion of both the
cultural and political aspects
present in a state and in a
nation.
GLOBALIZATIO
N
Building and forging of
international political,
economic, religious, and
socio-cultural relations
and interconnections.
 FORMS OF
GLOBALIZATION
Forms Features/ Manifestations/
Characteristics Examples
Economic All economies  Internationalize
Globalization have been d production
integrated in  Financial
a global capital flowing
economy. freely between
countries
 FORMS OF
GLOBALIZATION
Forms Features/ Manifestations/
Characteristics Examples
2. Cultural  Information,  McDonaldization or what
commodities, and
Globalization images from one part
George Ritzer (1993) called
of the world make as rationalization that Max
cultural differences Weber found in
between nations and bureaucracies extended to
individuals less fast-food chains. This
significant. then leads to
standardization of
processes such as
production.
 Information revolution
 Global brands penetrating
the local scene
 FORMS OF
GLOBALIZATION
Forms Features/ Manifestations/
Characteristics Examples

3. Political The importance • Influence on domestic

issues of organizations
of international
Globalization organizations, such as the United
transnational Nations, World Trade
organizations, Organization, World
and Bank, Asian Development
nongovernmental Bank, International Red
organizations is Cross, and World Wide
being Fund for Nature
recognized.
 Positive effects
of Globalization

• Increased trades
• Greater
competitions
• Economies of scale
• Increased capital
and labor mobility
 Negative effects
of Globalization

• Increased trades • Monopoly power of

• Greater multinationals
competitions • Structural
• Economies of scale unemployment from
• Increased capital shifting sectors
and labor mobility • Tax avoidance
The Philippines is a democratic
and republican State.
Sovereignty resides in the
people and all authority
emanates from them.
-Article II, Section 1 of the 1987 Constitution