Friday, August 5 College of Criminology, Northern

Mindanao Colleges, Inc.

LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL

MEDIA AND MASS MEDIA IN THE
COMMISSION OF CRIMES AMONG
THESIS ADVISOR
PERSONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY
MR. JORGE E.
CAÑAREJO, RCIM
(PDL) IN CABADBARAN CITY
STUDENT
DISTRICT JAIL
JOSHUA S. ABASOLO
KATE MARY JOY S. ASAS
ANTHONY B. GRANDE
JERLYN M. TAGADIAD
ANGEL P. SALALIMA
Table of
Contents
Page

Research Introduction & Theoretical Framework 3

I

II Objective, Scope & Limitation of the Study 13

III Research Methodology 16

IV Results of the Study 21

V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation 39

VI Interview Guide 48
Chapter I Research Introduction &
Theoretical Framework

LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND MASS MEDIA IN THE COMMISSION OF CRIME AMONG
PER- SONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY (PDL) IN CABADBARAN CITY DISTRICT JAIL
I Research Introduction

In recent years, a remarkable expansion in the use of

social media and mass media has resulted in a
significant change in criminal activities, highlighting
the shortcomings of current legal frameworks in dealing
with modern crime challenges.

4
I Research Introduction

Through this, social media and mass media contribute

significantly to the rise in crime rates as well as the rise
of newly constituted social media related crimes that are
existing and wreaking havoc on society today. As a
result, it is easier for criminals to perpetrate a crime
utilizing social media and mass media, such as stealing
someone's identity and exploiting it in a fraudulent
transaction.

5
I Research Introduction

This study focuses on the level of influence of social media

and mass media in the commission of crime among persons
deprived of liberty (PDL) and specifically conducted at
Cabadbaran City Jail, Cabadbaran City and its purpose is to
determine the level of influence of social media and mass
media in the commission of crimes among persons deprived
of liberty in Cabadbaran City.

6
I Research Introduction

Furthermore, the researchers will attempt to investigate the

methods and means by which persons deprived of liberty
commit crimes as influenced by social media and mass
media in order for the researchers to completely comprehend
the circumstances and design a remedy to the concerns
highlighted in this study.

7
I Research Introduction

This research is significant to some groups of individuals,

one of which is the officers in Cabadbaran City Jail, in order
to further understand the role of social media and mass
media in the commission of crime among persons deprived
of liberty (PDL) and its impact on society.

8
I Research Introduction

This research would also be advantageous to persons

deprived of liberty (PDL) since it would inform them about
the harmful influence of social media and mass media on the
commission of crime.

9
I Research Introduction

Finally, future researchers will benefit from this study since

they will be able to obtain information that will be useful in
their future research and some of their questions will be
answered.

10
I Theoretical Framework

This study is anchored from the theoretical support of the Cultivation Analysis
Theory by Gerbner & Gross, 1976. According to this theory, excessive media
exposure leads to persons developing an illusory perspective of reality based on the
most repetitive and consistent messages of a given medium. Because of the unusual
pervasiveness and repetition of television, this theory is most typically applied to its
analysis. According to this hypothesis, someone who spends a lot of time watching
television may build a picture of reality that isn't accurate.

11
I Theoretical Framework

Televised violent acts, whether reported on news programs or shown in television

dramas, far exceed violent acts that most individuals encounter in their daily lives.
As a result, someone who spends a lot of time watching television may come to
believe that the world is more violent and dangerous than it actually is. So, with
regards to the study, this Theory primarily suggests that what a person sees in the
media reflects what he does in real life. If a person increasingly watches violence on
television and other social media platforms, it pushes him to emulate what he sees in
real life, as does in committing crime.

12
Chapter II Objective, Scope & Limitation
of the Study

LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND MASS MEDIA IN THE COMMISSION OF CRIME AMONG
PER- SONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY (PDL) IN CABADBARAN CITY DISTRICT JAIL
II Objective of the Study

The main purpose of this study is to determine the level of influence of social media and mass media
in the commission of crimes among Persons deprived of liberty in Cabadbaran City District Jail.

Specifically, it answers the following questions:

• What social media and mass media platforms are • How does social media and mass media
you familiar with?" FB? Instagram? Twitter? Tik- affect your daily lives, especially to your
Tok? YouTube? current situation as PDL?

• What social media platforms mentioned a while • How are you going to rate the level of
ago do you usually use, and why do you use it influence to you? if your rate is 10 is highest
most often? while 5 is the lowest, how could you rate

• What would be the advantages and yourself that social media and mass media
has an influence on the commission of crime?
disadvantages of social media and mass
media to you? 14
II Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study only focuses on the level of influence of

social media and mass in the commission of crime
among persons deprived of liberty (PDL). The survey
will be conducted at Cabadbaran City Jail. The data
collection is subject to the randomly selected Persons
Deprived of Liberty in Cabadbaran City Jail (CY
2020-2021), of which two (10) PDLs are involved.
The data would be gathered through interviews with
the help of guide questions devised by the researchers.

15
Chapter III Research Methodology
This chapter covers the objectives of the study, study method, demographic and sampling scheme, respondent
description, research instrument validation, data collection and statistical treatment.

LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND MASS MEDIA IN THE COMMISSION OF CRIME AMONG
PER- SONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY (PDL) IN CABADBARAN CITY DISTRICT JAIL
III Research Methodology
Research Method
The study utilized
qualitative research
methodusing guide
questions and interview for
gathering data. The data
gathered are transcribed to
determine the purpose of
the study.
Population and Sampling Scheme
The researchers used convenience
sampling techniques. It was carried
out by interviewing select
inmates/PDL in Cabadbaran City
Jail for the purpose of gathering data
related to the level of influence of
social media and mass media among
persons deprived of liberty (PDL) in
Cabadbaran City.
17
III Research Methodology

Respondent of the Study

Two (2) women were among the ten (10) PDL respondents, while the remaining eight (8) were men.
The respondents were easier to approach because they were willing to be questioned on short notice.

Table 1.Distribution of the Respondents

PDL NUMBER • Table 1. provides data on the categories of

PDLs interviewed according to gender. The
Male 8
PDLs interviewed were randomly selected

Female 2 by the Jail Officers of the Bureau of Jail

Management and Penology of Cabadbaran
Total: 10 City Jail.

18
III Research Methodology

Research Instruments
The researchers formulate guide questions which are then asked to the respondents. Also, a cell phone is used
as a voice recorder for taking voice recordings while the interview is ongoing.

Validation of Instruments
The instrument for the research study had been validated
through the following:

• The guide questions were first approved by the thesis

adviser.
• After conducting an interview, it was then recorded and
transcribed by the researchers.
19
III Research Methodology

Procedures in Gathering Data

The researchers sent a letter approved by the Dean of the College

of Criminology and approved by the Jail Warden. After receiving
confirmation by the Jail Warden, a schedule was set to conduct an
interview to the selected inmates/PDL. The interview was then
recorded and transcribed by the researchers.

20
Chapter IV Results of the Study

LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND MASS MEDIA IN THE COMMISSION OF CRIME AMONG
PER- SONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY (PDL) IN CABADBARAN CITY DISTRICT JAIL
IV Results of the Study

1. What social media and mass media platforms are you familiar with? FB? Messenger?
Instagram? Twitter? Tik-Tok? YouTube?
Unsang social media ug mass media platform ang imong pamilyar? FB? Messenger?
Instagram? Twitter? Tik-Tok? YouTube.

22
IV Results of the Study

PDL 1
TUBAG: Ang mga platform sa social media nga imong gihisgutan nga pamilyar nako mao
ang Facebook, Messenger,Instagram, YouTube, ug TikTok, tungod kay kini ang akong
gigamit kaniadto sa wala pa ako sa prisohan.

ANSWER: The social media platforms you mentioned that I am familiar with are
Facebook, Messenger, Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok, as these are the ones I used
before when I wasn't in jail.

23
IV Results of the Study

PDL 2
TUBAG: Sa imong gi ingun nga social media, pamilyar pud ko ana kay sa una kadtong
wa pa ko na priso permi man ko mag Youtube tapos sa una pud kagamit pud ko anang
Facebook tapos Messenger mao pamilyar ko ana.

ANSWER: In what you said about social media, I am more familiar with it before when I
was not in prison, I always use Youtube and then also I use Facebook and Messenger,
that’s why I am more familiar with it.

24
IV Results of the Study

ANSWER FROM PDL 3 to PDL 10

TUBAG: Facebook ug Messenger ra akong napamilyar ana kay mao ra man akong na
hibaw an ug nagamit sab.

ANSWER: I'm only familiar with Facebook and Messenger because that's what I already
know and use.

25
IV Results of the Study

2. Among the social media platforms mentioned a while ago, what do you use and why do
you use it most often?

Taliwala sa mga social media nga mga plataporma nga gihisgutan sa una nga pangutana,
unsa ang imong gigamit ug nganong kanunay nimo kining gigamit?

26
IV Results of the Study

PDL 1.
TUBAG: Facebook akong permi gamiton sauna, kada adlaw ko mag open sa akong fb
kay naa koy cellphone tapos Messenger kay gigamit usab ni nako kay maka communicate
kos akong pamilya ug mga kaila.

ANSWER: I always use Facebook before, every day I open my fb account because I have
a cellphone and then I also use Messenger because I can communicate with my family
and acquaintances.

27
IV Results of the Study

PDL 2.
TUBAG: Facebook kay makita nako akong pamilya nga naa sa layong dapit ug
makumusta nako sila pinaagi sa chat.

ANSWER: Facebook because I can see my family far away and I can greet them through
chat.

28
IV Results of the Study

ANSWER FROM PDL 3 to 10

TUBAG: Messenger man among permi gigamit kay sa karon gihatagan mig gamay oras
nila Sir para makumusta mis among pamilya pinaagi sa video call kay tungod lage aning
pandemic dili mi ma bisita nila.

ANSWER: We only use Messenger because they allowed us to say hello to our families
outside through video calls but in a short period of time because of the restrictions due to
pandemic.

29
IV Results of the Study

3. What would be the advantages and disadvantages of social media and mass media to
you?

Unsa ang mga bentaha ug disbentaha sa social media ug mass media kanimo?

30
IV Results of the Study

ANSWER FROM PDL 1 to 10

TUBAG: Ang social media ginagamit kini sa komunikasyon pero aduna usab kini mga
negative nga dala sama sa pagpakalat ug mga fake news ug mga di mao nga impormasyon
ug naa sab ni daghang negatibo nga mga sulod nga lagmit makaimpluwensya sa usa ka
tawo sa pagbuhat sa usa ka krimen.

ANSWER: Social media facilitates communication, but it also has negative

consequences, such as the spread of false information and it has a lot of negative contents
which would likely influence a person to commit a certain crime.

31
IV Results of the Study

4. How does social media and mass media affect your daily lives, especially to your
current situation as PDL?

Unsa man ang epekto sa social media ug mass media sa imong adlaw-adlaw nga kinabuhi,
labi na sa imong kahimtang karon isip PDL?

32
IV Results of the Study

ANSWER FROM PDL 1 to PDL 10

TUBAG: Importante ang social media labina ang Messenger saako ug sa akong mga
kauban priso diri bisag dili man permi mag gamit pero importante kini kay maka kontak
mis among mga pamilya sa gawas bisag sa mubo ra nga oras.

ANSWER: Social media is important especially Messenger to me and my fellow inmates

here even though we don't always use it, but it is important because we can contact our
families outside even for a short time.

33
IV Results of the Study

5. How are you going to rate the level of influence to you; if your rate is 10 is highest
while 5 is the lowest, how could you rate yourself that social media and mass media has
an influence on the commission of crime?

Unsaon nimo pag-rate ang lebel sa impluwensya kanimo; Kung sa imong rate ang 10 ang
labing taas samtang ang 5 ang labing ubos, unsaon nimo pag-rate ang imong kaugalingon
nga ang social media ug mass media adunay impluwensya sa paghimo sa krimen?

34
IV Results of the Study

ANSWER FROM PDL 1 TO PDL 10

TUBAG: Gusto nako nga i-rate ang akong kaugalingon nga 5 sa 10 tungod kay ang social
media ug mass media wala naka impluwensya kanako sa pagbuhat sa krimen.

ANSWER: I would like to rate myself 5 out of 10 because social media and mass media
has not influenced me to commit crime.

35
IV Results of the Study

All 10 PDL respondents of Cabadbaran City District Jail responded that they usually use
Facebook and Messenger as their temporary source of communication to their loved ones
when visitation is prohibited due to the health restrictions because of the pandemic. While
most of them admitted that they have little knowledge, experience, or skills in using social
media or the other social media platforms mentioned in the previous question, all PDLs
agreed that social media and mass media has its certain advantages and disadvantages.

36
IV Results of the Study

According to (Gupta, 2020), while social media provides information, it also encourages
the spread of false news and information. All of them agreed that there is a lot to learn
from social media use, particularly in education and work that requires the use of social
media. However, all respondents admitted that social media and mass media are important
to them as a means of communication, and that it plays an important role in providing an
alternative way of communicating with their families and relatives, particularly when the
government implements strict health protocols. All of them mentioned that a limited
amount of time was given to them to communicate with their families through video calls
using Messenger.

37
IV Results of the Study

Generally, all 10 PDLs interviewed in this study did not indicate a significant influence
of social media and mass media in the commission of crime. All of them stated that social
media and mass media played only a minor role in their communication with their
extended families and relatives. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that social
media and mass media has no influence on crime commission among PDL in Cabadbaran
City.

38
 Summary of Findings,
Conclusion &
Chapter V

Recommendations

LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND MASS MEDIA IN THE COMMISSION OF CRIME AMONG
PER- SONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY (PDL) IN CABADBARAN CITY DISTRICT JAIL
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Summary

This study is the result of the researcher's gathering of information and

data on the level of influence of social media and mass media in the
commission of crime among Persons Deprived of Liberty in Cabadbaran
City District Jail. To obtain relevant information and feedback, the
researchers employ the qualitative research method, which includes the
use of guide questions and interviews.
The study's respondents are ten randomly selected Persons Deprived of
Liberty in Cabadbaran City District Jail; after considering the issue, the
results were analyzed, transcribed, and explained.

40
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Findings

• (8) Eight out of (10) ten interviewed Persons

• Facebook is the most popular social media
Deprived of Liberty (PDL) in Cabadbaran
platform among the (10)Persons Deprived of
City District Jail said they are only familiar
Liberty (PDL) in Cabadbaran City District Jail
with Facebook and Messenger while the other
who were interviewed. All of the respondents
(2) two said they are familiar with Facebook,
admitted to using Messenger as a temporary
Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok.
means of communication because they are given a
limited time to communicate with their families
outside through video calls due to visitation
restrictions caused by the pandemic.

41
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Findings
• The advantages and disadvantages of social media and mass media based on the personal perspectives
of the (10) Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL) respondents in Cabadbaran City District Jail. That the
advantages of social media and mass media are by using it in communication and spreading
information,that communication can be easily done through the use of social media and spreading news
and information through mass media while the disadvantages of social media and mass media according
to the respondents are the negative contents of social media,misinformation, and the spread of fake
news.
• The (10) PDL respondents in Cabadbaran City District Jail use social media, particularly Messenger, to
communicate with their families outside. As a result, social media became an important mode of
communication for the respondents.

42
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Findings

• The (10) PDL respondents in Cabadbaran City District Jail use social media, particularly Messenger, to
communicate with their families outside. As a result, social media became an important mode of
communication for the respondents.
• All (10) PDL respondents in Cabadbaran City District Jail rated themselves 5 being the lowest on the
given scale on how social media and mass media influence them to commit crime. Therefore, social
media and mass media has not influenced the respondents to commit crime.

43
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the study, the researchers therefore conclude that
Facebook and Messenger is the most popular and the most commonly used
by the Persons Deprived of Liberty with all (10) ten of them who are
interviewed indicated that they are familiar with Facebook and Messenger
among other social media platform that are mentioned in question no.1, and
they often use it as a means of communication.

44
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Conclusion

The researchers conclude that this study gives further knowledge and
information to the Level of influence of social media and mass media in the
commission of crime among PDL in Cabadbaran City District Jail that the
use of social media and mass media among PDLs has no significant
influence in crime commission. The researchers conclude that the influence
of social media and mass media on crime commission is lower among those
deprived of liberty and has no significant impact on their daily lives inside
the jail as inmates.

45
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Recommendations

This section contains the researchers' recommendations based on the study's findings. Based on the findings,
the following suggestions are made for your consideration.

• BJMP –This research is useful to raise awareness to the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology that social
media has a certain advantages and disadvantages. The researchers recommends that the Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology should conduct activities that are related to proper social media use towards
Persons Deprived of Liberty to add more knowledge among PDLs who are not knowledgeable enough to
how social media and mass media can be used properly.

46
V Summary of Findings, Conclusions & Recommendation

Recommendations

• JAIL OFFICERS –This research could help the Jail Officers in Cabadbaran City District Jail to further
extend their knowledge about the influence of social media and mass media in the commission of crime
among PDLs. The researchers recommendto the Jail Officers to educate and give tips toPDLs about how
social media and mass media can be used properly and on how social media can be used as a means of
communication rather than a tool to commit crime.
• FUTURE RESEARCHERS –The researchers will benefit from the result of the study because the research
methodology, guide questions, as well as the findings, conclusion and recommendation of this study can be
used as their basis when conducting similar or related studies in the future. This study helps students who
undergo making thesis writing and students taking up Bachelor of Science in Criminology as refer to guide.

47
Interview Guide

LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND MASS MEDIA IN THE COMMISSION OF CRIME AMONG
PER- SONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY (PDL) IN CABADBARAN CITY DISTRICT JAIL
V Interview Guide

Guide Questions

• 1. What social media and mass media platforms are you familiar with?" FB? Instagram? Twitter? Tik-Tok?
YouTube??
• unsa nga social media ug mass media platform ang imong pamilyar? Facebook? Instagram? Twitter?
TikTok? YouTube?
• 2. What social media platforms mentioned a while ago do you usually use, and why do you use it most
often?
• ·Taliwala sa mga social media nga mga plataporma nga gihisgutan kaniadto, unsa ang imong gigamit ug
nganong kanunay nimokininggigamit?
• 3. What would be the advantages and disadvantages of social media and mass media to you?
• Unsa ang mga bentaha ug disbentaha sa social media ug mass media kanimo?

49
V Interview Guide

Guide Questions

• 4. How does social media and mass media affect your daily lives, especially to your current situation as PDL?
• “Unsa man ang epekto sa social media ug mass media sa imong adlaw-adlaw nga kinabuhi, labi na sa imong
kahimtang karon isip PDL?
• 5. How are you going to rate the level of influence to you? if your rate is 10 is highest while 5 is the lowest,
how could you rate yourself that social media and mass media has an influence on the commission of crime?
• Unsaon nimo pag-rate ang lebel sa impluwensya kanimo? Kung sa imong rate ang 10 ang labing taas samtang
ang 5 ang labing ubos, unsaon nimo pag-rate ang imong kaugalingon nga ang social media ug mass media
adunay impluwensya sa paghimo sa krimen?

50
Friday, August 5 College of Criminology, Northern
Mindanao Colleges, Inc.

Thank you for

THESIS ADVISOR
listening!
MR. JORGE E.
CAÑAREJO, RCIM

STUDENT
JOSHUA S. ABASOLO
KATE MARY JOY S. ASAS
ANTHONY B. GRANDE
JERLYN M. TAGADIAD
ANGEL P. SALALIMA