ZERO CONDITIONAL

•The zero conditional is used to express general truths and

results that are always true

•It is formed with:

– if clause in the present simple tense

– main clause also in the present simple tense
                            
•If it rains, the ground gets wet.
•If you drop something, it falls to the ground.
•If you heat ice, it becomes water.

•In this type of clause, if can be replaced with when without

changing the meaning, as the result is so certain.
 FIRST CONDITIONAL 
•The first conditional is used to express results that are quite likely
to happen in the future.

•It is also known as the Type 1 conditional.  

•The first conditional is formed using:

– if clause in the present simple tense

– main clause in the future simple tense
                           
•If he misses his bus, he will walk to work.
•If it rains, she won’t go for a walk.
•If I overcook the cake, it will be hard.
 SECOND CONDITIONAL
The second conditional is used to express a result that is hypothetical
and unlikely to happen.

It is also know as the Type 2 conditional.

The second conditional is formed using:

– if clause with the verb in the past simple tense

– main clause with would plus the verb in base form
                            
• If I won the lottery I would go on holiday for a year.
• If she sang better she would go on X factor.
• If he learned quickly he would skip a year.
• If I was slimmer I would wear this outfit. (more commonly said ’If I were’ is
used)
 THIRD CONDITIONAL
The third conditional is used to express a situation in the past that didn’t
happen. It is hypothetical, with a probable result, and may be seen to
express regret.

It is also known as the Type 3 conditional.

The third conditional is formed using:

– if clause in the past perfect tense

– main clause with would + have + the past participle
                            
• If I had studied more I would have passed the exam.
• If I had won the lottery I would have gone on holiday.
• If she had read the book she would have known not to go and see the
film.
 CONDITIONAL TENSE

The Conditional The conditional is an if clause There are 4 types Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Condition Third Conditional
Tense is used to formed with: [condition] then a of conditionals,  – the result is  – the result is al  – the result did
explore the – an if main clause each formed with always likely to happen  – the result is not happen
possible results clause which [result] a different true/always unlikely to
of different presents the combination of happens happen
circumstances. condition verb tenses to
– a main clause express different
which presents levels of
the result of that possibility and
condition probability:
 Present Simple Uses

to express habits or
to express things that are
something that is usual or
always true (or the speaker to make generalisations
happens regularly 
believes them to be) Cats like milk.
I work on Mondays.
Susan has green eyes. London is always busy.
She always sends a Christmas
Do you think ghosts are real?
card.

to express some future time

for scheduled events in the to give instructions or
after some conjunctions i.e.
future directions
when, after, before
The plane lands at 9 p.m. You take a blank piece of
When you come over on
Doesn’t the party start at paper and put it in on the
Saturday, I’ll give you your
8.00 p.m.? scanner bed length-ways.
birthday present.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
TIMELINE, FORM, USES