EDI1101A – ‘AQIDAH ISLAMIYYAH

Dr. Tahroui Ramdane

CHALLENGES TOWARD
AQIDAH ISLAM
NOR AISYAH BINTI ZULQARNAIN (1617092)
NURUL ADELIN BINTI BEDDU (1619938)
NURUL AIN NABILAH BINTI MOHD APINDI@AFINDI
(1625540)
NURUL HUDA BINTI JAMIL (1622472)
SITI NOR HAFIZAH BINTI ABDUL RAHIM
(1622738)
THE CHALLENGES OF AQIDAH
ISLAM
 APOSTASY (AR-RIDDAH)
• Sense of turning away from Islam and faith
• Those who turn away from their faith will not
be able to attain God’s forgiveness no matter
what they do.
“ And whoever of you reverts from his religion [to disbelief] and
dies while he is a disbeliever – for those, their deeds have
become worthless in this world and the Hereafter, and those are
the companions of the Fire, they will abide therein eternally”.
(2:217)
• Apostasy committed by someone who had no
other choice, does not affect one’s actual
faith.
• The only way in which apostasy can affect
one’s actual faith is for one to open his or her
heart consciously and willingly to a denial of
the truth.
 Challenges towards aqidah islam

• Denying the laws that have been enacted by

Allah.
• Doing acts of disbelievers
• Say a word that is contrary to the life of a
Muslim
• Leaving something ordered by Allah SWT.
• Making fun of islam
 Causes of apostasy
• Weak understanding of religion
• Affected by wordly offers:
- marriage
- money
- family
 SYIAH(‫)ش يع ة‬

The term Syiah literally means the

group or section sympathetic to
and supportive of Ali.
 Where it began? :
• Following the death of the Prophet Muhammad, some supporters of
Saidina Ali bin Abu Talib — the Prophet’s cousin and son-in-law —
questioned the appointment of Abu Bakar as-Siddiq, a Compa­nion of
the Prophet, as the Islamic empire’s first Caliph.
• They felt betrayed because they believed Ali was more deserving, but at
that time the dispute was political in nature and could possibly have
been reconciled.
• Ali would later become the fourth Caliph. For Sunnis, the first four
Caliphs — Abu Bakar, Umar bin al-Khattab, Uthman bin Affan and Ali —
are commonly referred to as “The Rightly Guided Caliphs”.
• The discontentment of Ali’s followers, however, widened over the
centuries and the movement later developed its own doctrines and
rituals, some of which many Sunnis, including those in Malaysia.
THE CHALLENGES OF SYIAH
 It teaches about the infallible (ma’sum)
Imams other than Nabi and Rasul.
Ahlus Sunnah sets this ma'shûm nature only for the
Prophet, not for humans other than that. Because
humans besides the Prophet commit sins. The Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:

‫كل بني آدم خطاء وخير الخطائين التوابون‬

Every son of Adam made a lot of mistakes, and the best

people who commit a lot of mistakes are those who
repent.
 It teaches about the Quran Siti Fatimah
(Mushaf Fatimah)
• Sunni Muslims say that Fatimah never
received divine revelations(Wahyu) and deny
the existence of the Book of Fatimah, as in
their hadith collections it is not mentioned.
• There is only one Quran, and one of the
miracles of our religion is the preservation of
the original Quran recited by Prophet
Mohammad
 Aqidah Raj’ah (Raj’ah Faith)
• It has been agreed upon by the imamiyah sect
to abide by the obligatory raj'ah in most of the
dead. That is (they mean by this raj'ah) that
the rise of their Imams, named Al Qaaim at
the end of time, came out of the underground
building, slaughtered all its political enemies,
and returned to the Shiites their rights which
were hijacked by other groups of all time
(which had passed)
Other Challenges From Syiah
 Some ritual of shia
• the Syiah practice of striking their heads with
swords,
• beating their chests or flagellating themselves
to express their grief
• devotion on the anniversary of the martyrdom
of Saidina Hussein bin Ali. (10 Muharram)
 Shi’a Prayer
• There is also the Syiah practice of placing a
small clay tablet on the prayer mat when
performing prayers, with the tablet made of soil
from Karbala.
• Another Syiah practice is the shortening of
some of the five daily prayers.
• The facility is known as jamak, which to Sunnis
are only allowed for travellers who meet certain
strict criteria.
THE CHALLENGES OF CURRENT
IDEOLOGIES
 Backgrounds
• When Muslim countries were colonized by Western and foreign influences,
they divided the Muslim countries into smaller sections. After the foreign
colonizer left the Muslim countries, they left behind the Western ruling
system and also the Western ideologies.
• After the fall of the Ottoman empire, the world leadership transferred
from Muslims to Non-Muslims, which then affected the faith of the
Muslims. WHY?
• Because they were influenced by the doctrines of the Westerners, Zionists,
and Christians.
• Not only caused the end of the Islamic Caliphate system, but also caused
the religion to be tainted by nonsense philosophies.
THE CHALLENGES OF CURRENT IDEOLOGIES

Atheism / Communism

Secularism

Liberalism
 ATHEISM
Atheism (or non-theism, which is broadly
synonymous) is the lack of belief in the
existence of God or gods or, more strongly,
the belief that there is no such thing as God or
gods.

Atheist
An atheist is a person who does
not believe that any gods exist.
 Their believes..
• Do not believe in the existence of God
• The atheists claim that the universe is found without
Creator.
• The atheists believe that Creator and creatures exist
from the very beginning of the time.
• The universe, man, animal and plant found a
coincidence and will end as it began and there is no
life after death.
• Denying the miracles of the prophets because these
miracles are not accepted by science, as they claim.
 The Challenges in Aqidah

1. Atheists will cause other muslim to become

kufur because of their believes.
2. Atheists believe that there is no proof or
evidence for the existence of gods
3. Giving doubt to the Muslim with their believes.
 The solution

1. Give a strong answer to the atheist

with dalil aqli
2. Do not follow blindly – refer to the Al
Quran and Sunnah first
 SECULARISM
• Appeared in the Europe during the renaissance of
the 14-16th century which separates the influence of
the churuch.
• Separation of religion from state
• a system of social organization and education where
religion is not allowed to play a part in civil affairs.
SECULARISM IN ISLAM
They make
They love world
decision
matters more than
throughout their
the hereafter
thinking

Changed the law Fardhu ain is not

of god prioritized
 CHALLENGES IN AQIDAH
• Secularism give freedom to people to do
anything without guideline
• The public can reject or change any religion
that they want without objection from any
parties
• Secular influences are widespread in mass
media
• Appears liberalism ideology
 LIBERALISM
• Definition: Liberalism is a political philosophy or
worldview founded on ideas of liberation and equity.
• Emerge followed by the emergence of Secularism
• Those who practice liberalism are called Liberalists.
• Array of views including freedom of speech, freedom
of the press, freedom of religion, civil rights, secular
governments, gender equality, etc.
• Martin Luther (1483-1546M) emphasizes on liberalism
in religion and individual freedom to interpret the
holy books based on their own understanding.
MARTIN LUTHER (1483-1546M),
the main figure in Liberalism
 LIBERALISM IN ISLAM
• Liberalism in Islam involve professed Muslims who have
produced a considerable body of literal thought on the
re-interpretation and reform of Islamic understandings
and practice.
• Liberal Muslims interpret the Quran and Hadith
allegorically based in their understanding or even set
them aside.
• They distance themselves from some traditional
interpretations of Islamic law which they regard as
culturally based and without universal applicability
• This ideology is contradict and taint the
Akidah for those practice it. WHY?
• Because individual freedom has its limits.
• In economic, Liberalists allow usury(riba),
which exploits the economical activities that
clearly contradict with the Islamic teachings.
• Among specific issued raised by Liberalists:
 Feminism
 Human Rights
 LGBT Rights
 Secularism
 FEMINISM IN ISLAM
• Islamic feminists ground their arguments in Islam and its teachings,
seek the full equality of women and men in the personal and
public sphere, and can include Non-Muslims into the discourse
and debate.
• Among the feminism organisations:
 Revolutionary Association of the Women in Afghanistan (Meena
Keshwar Kamal)
 Muslim’s Women Quest for Equality from India
 Sisters In Islam from Malaysia (Zainah Anwar and Amina Wadud)
• Sisters In Islam promotes the rights of Muslim Women are based
on the principles of equality, justice, freedom, and empower
women to be advocates for change.
• SIS tackles issues in Islamic family and sharia laws such as
polygamy, child marriage, the hijab and modesty, etc.
• In 2014, the Selangor Islamic Religious Council (MAIS), issued a
fatwa declaring that Sisters In Islam, as well as any other
organisations promoting religious liberalism, deviate from the
teachings of Islam.

Zainah Anwar Amina Wadud

 Some solutions to the challenges
• We have to study and investigate the
ideologies that we heard before we accept
them.
• The interpretation of islamic teaching
especially regarding islamic aqidah and
ideologies that can taint aqidah need to be
referred to the main sources.