KURSUS SIJIL KOMPETEN PENYELIA KESELAMATAN

TAPAK BINA
SITE SAFETY SUPERVISOR COMPETENCY COURSE
BAHAGIAN 2A : CERTIFICATE
PENGENALAN PERUNDANGAN
PART 2A : INTRODUCTION TO LEGISLATION
MAKLUMAT RINGKAS KURSUS
COURSE BRIEF INFORMATION
 Objektif Pembelajaran Kursus
Course Learning Objectives

Menerangkan kepentingan undang-undang

dalam sesebuah masyarakat
Describe the importance of law in a
community

Mengenal pasti sumber undang-undang di

bawah sistem perundangan Malaysia
Identify the sources of laws under the Malaysia
legal system

Menerangkan ciri-ciri undang-undang statut

Describe the characteristics of statute laws
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 Objektif Pembelajaran Kursus
Course Learning Objectives

Menerangkan ciri-ciri undang-undang lazim

Describe the characteristics of common laws

Mengenal pasti undang-undang keselamatan

dan kesihatan pekerjaan utama di Malaysia
Identify the main occupational safety and
health laws in Malaysia

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 Kandungan Pembelajaran Kursus
Course Learning Contents

Pengenalan Sumber Undang-Undang

Introduction Sources of Laws

Undang-Undang Statut Undang-Undang Lazim

Statute Laws Common Laws

Kewajipan Menjaga Undang-Undang KKP Malaysia

Duty of Care Malaysia OSH Laws

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 PENGENALAN
INTRODUCTION
 Perkataan ‘undang-undang’ sering disebut
dalam kehidupan seharian kita; tetapi . . .
The word ‘law’ is often uttered in our daily
life; but . . .

apakah undang-undang
what is law?

Mengapa kita memerlukan undang-undang?

Why do we need the law?

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 Apa?
What?

Satu set peraturan yang dipersetujui oleh

anggota masyarakat, atau
A set of rules agreed upon by members of
the community, or

digubal melalui badan perundangan and

enacted through the legislature dan

dikuatkuasakan oleh badan yang diberi

kuasa
enforced by an authorised body

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 Mengapa?
Why?

Memastikan tingkah laku bertamadun di

kalangan
Ensure civilized behavior among

anggota masyarakat atau komuniti bagi

members of the community or community
for

memupuk kehidupan harmoni yang

mampan
fostering sustainable harmonious living

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SUMBER UNDANG-UNDANG
SOURCES OF LAWS
 Undang-
Perlembagaan Undang Lazim
Constitution Common Laws
Undang-
Undang Statut
Statute
Laws

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 Perlembagaan
Constitution

Undang-undang tertinggi; ibu kepada

segala Undang-undang
The highest law; Mother of all Laws

Menetapkan peruntukan bagi urusan

pentadbiran
Stipulating provisions for administrative
matters

Menjamin hak asasi warganegara

Guarantees citizens’ basic rights

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 Undang-Undang Statut
Statute Laws

Digubal dan diwartakan melalui

badan perundangan
Enacted and gazetted through the
legislature

Dikenali sebagai Undang-Undang

Bertulis
Known as the Written Laws

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 Undang-Undang Lazim
Common Laws

Berdasarkan kepada keputusan

penghakiman terdahulu
Based on previous judgments

Dikenali sebagai Undang-Undang tidak

Bertulis
Known as Unwritten Laws

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UNDANG-UNDANG STATUT
STATUTE LAWS
 Ciri-Ciri Umum
General Characteristics

Hubungan antara kerajaan dengan

rakyat
The relationship between the
government and the people

Menetapkan penalti maksimum bagi

pelanggaran
Prescribe maximum penalty for non-
compliances

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 Ciri-Ciri Umum
General Characteristics

Terbahagi kepada
Divided into

Undang-Undang Persekutuan
Federal Laws

Undang-Undang Negeri
State Laws

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 Undang-Undang Persekutuan
Federal Laws

Digubal dan diwartakan melalui

Parlimen
Enacted and gazetted through
Parliament

Dikenali sebagai Akta

Known as Act

Disokong oleh Peraturan-Peraturan

dan Perintah
Supported by Regulations and
Orders

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 Undang-Undang Persekutuan
Federal Laws

Terpakai ke semua negeri, kecuali

bagi Akta tertentu
Applicable to all states, except for
certain Acts

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 Struktur Undang-Undang Persekutuan
The Structure of Federal Laws

Akta Undang-Undang Utama

Act Primary Laws Wajib
Peraturan dan Mandatory
Perintah Undang-Undang
Regulations and Subsidiari
Orders
Subsidiary Laws
Kod Tata Amalan
Codes of Practice
Piawaian dan Garis Panduan
Standards and Guidelines Sukarela
Voluntarily
Amalan Baik Industri
Industry Good Practices

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 Undang-Undang Negeri
State Laws

Digubal dan diwartakan melalui

Dewan Undangan Negeri
Enacted and gazetted through State
Legislative Assembly

Dikenali sebagai Enakmen

Known as Enactment

Hanya terpakai di Negeri berkenaan

Only applicable in the concerned
State

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UNDANG-UNDANG LAZIM
COMMON LAWS
 Ciri-Ciri Umum
General Characteristics

Hubungan antara individu dengan

individu
The relationship between individuals
and individuals

Berdasarkan 'kewajipan menjaga’

Based on 'the duty of care'

Membolehkan plaintif
mengemukakan tuntutan pampasan
Enable plaintiff to submit a claim for
compensation
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 Ciri-Ciri Umum
General Characteristics

Tidak menetapkan bentuk atau

jumlah pampasan
Does not specify the form or amount
of compensation

Mahkamah merujuk kes terdahulu

yang serupa bagi menentukan
bentuk atau jumlah pampasan
The court refers to previous similar
cases to determine the form or
amount of compensation

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KEWAJIPAN MENJAGA
DUTY OF CARE
 Apa?
What?

Tanggungjawab tersirat bagi seseorang

individu kepada individu lain di dalam
masyarakat
The implicit responsibilities held by an
individual towards another individual
within society

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UNDANG-UNDANG KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
LAWS
 JKKP/DOSH

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RINGKASAN
SUMMARY
 Undang-undang ialah satu set peraturan yang dikuatkuasakan untuk kelakuan baik
sesebuah komuniti
Laws are a set of rules and regulations enforced for the good conduct of a community

Sumber utama undang-undang ialah perlembagaan, undang-undang statut dan

undang-undang biasa
The main sources of law are the constitutions, statute laws, and common laws

Undang-undang statut ialah undang-undang bertulis yang digubal oleh badan

perundangan
Statute laws are written laws enacted by the legislature

Undang-undang biasa ialah undang-undang tidak bertulis yang berdasarkan kepada

rekod penghakiman
Common laws are unwritten laws based on judicial records

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