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NEWAGE PRODUCT TRAINING
 Series 5 Transformer Control

Advantages of transformer control

Simple robust control system.
 Excellent motor starting characteristics, 1hp (motor INPUT) per kW
(Generator).
 In-built sustained short circuit maintenance ( 450% at 50Hz, 500% at 60Hz)
 Linear Volts to Hz characteristic ( for low speed protection).

Disadvantages of transformer control

 Voltage regulation ± 5%at 0.8 pf, ± 7.5%at 0.85 pf
(voltage tends to rise at pf 1,and fall at 0.8 pf).
 Unsuitable for multiple Generator systems (parallel operation).

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
Transformer
Rectifier
Assembly
Assembly
Output to Main Output Terminals
Exciter
Stator

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
Secondary winding
Typical 3 phase transformer Laminated Steel core
connections
To Rectifier Adjustable
Air Gap
10
11
12

Primary and
Secondary windings
on insulated bobbin

1
TF N N 3 N
2 TF
TF
Primary winding
connections to
Main Terminals

 The PRIMARY windings are connected in Series between the MAIN STATOR output leads,
and the NEUTRAL (STAR POINT). This winding carries the LOAD CURRENT.

 The SECONDARY windings are connected in series between the MAIN STATOR and the
RECTIFYER, which provides D.C CURRENT to the EXCITER FIELD.

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
Operation of a typical transformer
Laminated Steel core
( E’s and I’s)
Brass clamping strip
& adjustment screw Slotted Hole for Air
Gap Adjustment

Secondary winding Adjustable

Air Gap

Primary winding

Mounting Bracket
(Varies with machine
type).
Bobbin
(Insulator)

 The NO LOAD EXCITATION VOLTAGE is supplied via the secondary transformer winding.

 VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT is made by altering the AIR GAP on the transformer iron core

 The ON LOAD Voltage is controlled by the PRIMARY WINDING, which carries the LOAD CURRENT.

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
Operation of typical transformer - equivalent circuit
MAIN STATOR TRANSFORMER

LOAD CURRENT
PRIMARY
EXCITER
ADJUST
RECTIFIER STATOR
STEEL CORE AIR GAP

SECONDARY
X+ (F1)
XL (  )
Excitation Excitation
Excitation
voltage voltage
supply  
supply Volts drop increases
less
decreases with drop
volts load
XX- (F2)

 The EXCITATION VOLTAGE is supplied from the main stator via the secondary transformer
winding. The excitation current produces a voltage drop across the secondary winding.
 The amount of VOLTAGE DROP across the SECONDARY WINDING is adjusted by varying
the AIR GAP on the transformer iron core. ie Resistance, (X L) = 2  F L.
 When LOAD CURRENT passes through the primary windings, the VOLTS DROP across the
secondary winding is DECREASED.
 The EXCITATION VOLTAGE to the EXCITER STATOR is increased with LOAD CURRENT.

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
DIODES
Full Wave Rectifier input and output circuit
3 phase Bridge

TRANSFORMER
PRIMARY VARISTOR
M2 M2 M2 Surge
      Suppressor
M2 M2 M2

EXCITER

<WPS0013>
E00-12016revA
SECONDARY STATOR
D2 D4 D6 D5 D3 D1

X+ (F1) XX- (F2)

232OF
R4
R2

R1
R3
DIVERT
RESISTOR
(when fitted)

10 11 12 F2 F2 F1 F1

D.C OUTPUT
A.C INPUT

 The SECONDARY transformer windings are connected to the A.C input terminals 10, 11, 12.

 The D.C output terminals X+ (F1) and XX- (F2), are connected to the Exciter Stator F1 & F2.

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
Three phase transformer control system

N
TRANSFORMER MAIN STATOR

MAIN OUTPUT TERMINALS

N TF3 PRIMARY W2 W1
STAR POINT

SECONDARY W

N TF2 V2 V1

N TF1 U2 U1

X+ (F1)

EXCITER
STATOR
RECTIFIER
XX- (F2)

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
Typical Single Phase transformer
Secondary winding
connections
To Rectifier
Adjustable
Air Gap
11

11

Primary and
Secondary windings
on insulated bobbin

TF3
1
TF Primary winding
2 connections to
TF Main Output Terminals
4
TF

 The single phase transformer type is used for dedicated single phase machines, and also
for 12 wire re-connectable machines.

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
Single Phase transformer control system
TRANSFORMER MAIN STATOR

TF4 TF3 U6 U5

MAIN OUTPUT TERMINALS

SECONDARY

W
PRIMARY

TF2 TF1 U2 U1

X+ (F1)
U
EXCITER
STATOR
RECTIFIER
XX- (F2)

 Series connection will give 220 - 240V across V and W, or low voltage (110 - 120V), V-N,or W-N.

 Parallel connections will give 110 - 120V only across V and W.

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
12 Wire re-connectable machine with transformer control system
Series Star Parallel Star

U U

U1

U2 U1 U5

U5 U2 U6
TF4
TF2
TF3 U6
TF1
TF2 N N
TF1 V6
W2
W6 V6 V5
V5 W1
W2 W5 V2 V2
W1 V1
V1
W6
TF4
w v w W5 v
TF3
Example –Voltage 3 phase
Example - Voltage 3 phase
Winding 48 460V @ 60 HZ
Winding 48 230 V @ 60 HZ
380 V @ 50 HZ
Winding 49 208 V @ 60 HZ
Winding 49 416 V @ 60 HZ
Single Phase (N) = 3 of Line voltage
Single Phase (N) = 3 of Line voltage

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 Series 5 Transformer Control
12 Wire re-connectable machine with transformer control system

Series Delta Parallel ZigZag

U U
V1
U6 V1 V2

U5 V2
U2 V5 V5
Example - V6
U1 V6
Voltage 1 phase U1 v
Winding 49 U2
W6 W5 W2 W1 240 V @ 60 HZ
w v
U5
TF4 TF3 TF2 TF1
N U6
TF2 TF4

TF1 W2 W6 TF3
Example - Voltage 3 phase or 1 phase
Winding 49 240 V @ 60 HZ W1 W5

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