S.E.

A
PROJECT

SAY NO TO
WAR
WHAT CAUSES WAR ?
● Economic Gain
● Territorial Gain
● Religion
● Revenge
● Revolutionary War
 ECONOMIC GAIN :-
● Often wars are caused by one country's wish to take control of another
country's wealth. Whatever the other reasons for a war may be, there is
almost always an economic motive underlying most conflicts, even if the
stated aim of the war is presented to the public as something more noble
.
● Pre-industrial times, the gains desired by a warring country might be
precious materials such as gold and silver, or livestock such as cattle and
horses.

● In modern times, the resources that are hoped to be gained from war
take the form of things like oil, minerals, or materials used in
manufacturing.
HISTORIC EXAMPLES OF WAR FOUGHT
FOR ECONOMIC GAIN
● Anglo-Indian Wars (1766-1849) – The Anglo-Indian wars were a series of wars fought
between the British East India Company and different Indian states. These wars led to
the establishment of British colonial rule in India, which gave Britain unrestricted access
to exotic and valuable resources native to the Indian continent.

● Opium Wars (1839-1860) - Two wars were fought between the Qing dynasty and
Western powers in the 19th century. Britain wanted to access trade with China, whereas
China wished to remain independent and essentially isolated.

● Japanese Invasion of Manchuria (1931-1932) - Critically short of raw materials to

supply its industrial growth, Japan launched an invasion of the Chinese province of
Manchuria in 1931. Following the successful conquest, the Japanese established the
puppet state of Manchukuo.
TERRITORIAL GAIN :-
A country might decide that it needs more land, either
for living space, agricultural use, or other purposes.
Territory can also be used as “buffer zones” between two
hostile enemies.Related to buffer zones are proxy wars.
These are conflicts that are fought indirectly between
opposing powers in a third country. Each power supports
the side which best suits their logistical, military, and
economic interest
HISTORIC WARS FOUGHT FOR TERRITORIAL
GAIN
● Roman Conquest of Britain (Beginning AD 43) - Motivated in part by the
glory of conquest and wishing to make the Roman Empire as large as
possible, the Emperor Claudius landed an invasion force on the beaches of
Kent in AD43. This set off battles with the British Celtic tribes who lived on
the island.
● Mexican-American War (1846-1848) – This war was fought following the
annexation of Texas, with Mexico claiming the land as their own. The U.S.
eventually won and Texas went on to be incorporated as a state.
● Serbo-Bulgarian War (1885-1886) – This was a border dispute that broke
out between Bulgaria and Serbia over the territory of Eastern Rumelia.
STRATEGIC
MAP OF
CENTRAL
EUROPE
FROM 1917
RELIGION :-
Religious conflicts often have very deep roots. They can lie dormant for
decades, only to re-emerge in a flash at a later date.
Religious wars can often be tied to other reasons for conflict, such as
nationalism or revenge for a perceived historical slight in the past.
While different religions fighting against each other can be a cause of war,
different sects within a religion (for example, Protestant and Catholic, or
Sunni and Shiite) battling against one another can also instigate war.
HISTORIC EXAMPLE OF WARS FOUGHT FOR
RELIGION
● The Crusades in the Holy Land (1095-1291) – These were a series of religious
wars encouraged by the Latin Church during the medieval age. The aim of the
crusaders was to overthrow Islamic rule and achieve Christian dominance of
the region.

● Greek War of Independence (1821–1829) - Fought by Greek revolutionaries

against the Ottoman Empire, this war had a large religious element. This was
particularly evident early on, with many Christian Greeks seeing the conflict
against the Muslim Turks as a holy war.

● Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) – The Lebanese Civil War developed out of
socioeconomic and political tensions, which manifested as a power conflict
between the Sunni Muslim, Shiite Muslim and Christian Lebanese populations.
REVENGE :-
Seeking to punish, redress a grievance, or simply strike back for a
perceived slight can often be a factor in the waging of war. Revenge
also relates to nationalism, as the people of a country which has
been wronged are motivated to fight back by pride and spirit.
Unfortunately, this can lead to an endless chain of retaliatory wars
being set in motion which is very difficult to stop. Any distinction
between the victim and aggressor can often become blurred, with all
participants perceiving themselves as fighting a just war to right
historic wrongs.
 HISTORIC EXAMPLES OF REVENGE
● WARS
The Boudican Revolt – Following a failure by the Romans to honor an agreement
made with her husband and the brutal rape of her daughters, Boudicca, the warrior
queen of the ancient British Celtic Iceni tribe launched an all out war against the
Roman occupiers. Following some initial successes by the Britons, the revolt was
eventually put down.
● World War II (1939–1945) – The rise of the Nazi Socialist Party and Germany's
eventual domination of the European continent occurred as a result of the defeat in
WWI and the subsequent Treaty of Versailles, which imposed harsh punishments on
Germany.
● War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) – This war could be seen as being partially
motivated by revenge with the US striking back at Al Qaeda for the September 11th
attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. The terrorist group were being given
safe haven by the Taliban government in Afghanistan, which prompted an
American-led NATO invasion
REVOLUTIONARY WAR :-
These occur when a large section of the population of a country
revolts against the individual or group that rules the country
because they are dissatisfied with their leadership.

Revolutions can begin for a variety of reasons, including

economic hardship amongst certain sections of the population
or perceived injustices committed by the ruling group. Other
factors can contribute too, such as unpopular wars with other
countries.
HISTORIC EXAMPLES OF REVOLUTIONARY
WARS
● American Revolution (1775-1783) – The American Revolution gave the
13 North American colonies independence from British rule and
established the United States of America.

● French Revolution (1789-1799) – The French Revolution pitted the

bourgeoisie and peasantry against the aristocracy and resulted in the end
of the end of the ancien régime in France.

● Haitian Revolution (1791-1804) – The Haitian Revolution was a

successful slave rebellion that established Haiti as the first free black
republic
General
Washington
in american
revolution