LEXICAL FIELDS

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 What is lexical
field?
Lexical field or semantic field is the
way of organizing related words and
expressions into a system which
shows their relationship to one
another. For example, father,
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mother, uncle, and aunt,... belong to

one lexical field which is family.
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TAXONYMY MEMBER-
MERONYMY
COLLECTION
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PORTION MASS LEXICAL GAPS

 ". memonymy
In knowledge representation
languages,meronymy is often as “part-off Similarly, "wheels" is a meronym of
"automobile". Meronymy is the
opposite of holonymy. A closely
related concept is that of
mereology, which specifically deals
with part/whole relations and is
used in logic.
It is formally expressed in
terms of first-order logic. A
meronymy can also be
considered a partial order. A
meronym means part of a
whole. A word denoting a
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Meronymy is a semantic
relation used in linguistics.
A meronym denotes a
constituent part of, or a
member of something.
That is, “X” is a meronym of
“Y” if Xs are parts of Y, or
“X” is a meronym of “Y”
if Xs are members of Y. For
example, "finger" is a
meronym of "hand"
because a finger is part of a
hand.

subset of what another word

denotes is a hyponym.
 taxonymy
Cruse (2004, p. 150) states that “taxonymy is
a sub-type of hyponymy.” In his other book X Y
(1995, p.137) he states, “A useful diagnostic
Poodle : dog (A poodle is a type of dog)
frame for taxonymy is: An X is a kind/type of
Y”. Orchid : flower (An orchid is a type of flower)

hyponymy is “a relationship between two Banana : fruit (A banana is a type of fruit)

words, in which the meaning of one of the
words includes the meaning of the other
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word.”
 It is a relationship between the word for a unit and
the usual word for a collection of the units. Such as,
books in a library. (Saeed, Semantics 4th Edition,
2016, p. 67)
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 Partion mass
It is the relation between a mass noun and the usual unit
of measurement or division. Such as, a sheet of paper.
(Saeed, Semantics 4th Edition, 2016, p. 67
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 Lexical gaps
Lexical gaps (Semantic gaps)
also called an ‘accidental gap’ or
‘lacuna’, this is a word with a
distinct meaning which is
missing from the vocabulary of a
language.This could refer to
inconsistencies within our own
language
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Take the English nouns horse as
an example. As a hypernym, its
denotation covers both stallion
(male horse) and mare (female
horse). However, with the words
referring to cows and bulls, there
is no such a hypernym which
covers both cow and bull in
denotation. The shortage of such
a hypernym is called a lexical
gap.
.
Thank
you
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