SOCIAL CLASSES

Group 3

Abaco, Karl Marielle H. Sallena, Jan Marie

Agnes, Jerome B. Pel, Francis Lester
Bron, Francis Jethro Vasquez, Adrian
Dejos, Augerson
 General hierarchy of the social classes

What are social classes?

◦ Social classes are defined as a group of
people within a society who possess the same
socioeconomic status.
Upper class
is a somewhat small group of people who live beyond
the poverty line.

Middle class
Largest and most diverse group of people who
lives along and beyond the poverty line.

Lower Class
A large group of people who live along
or below the poverty line.
 Indian Caste System

The Caste System represents a division

of labor.

Many believe that the system

originated from Brahma, who is the
Hindu God of Creation.
 Indian Caste System
The first four sections are considered high castes, while the untouchables
are believed to be vile enough that they aren’t part of the system.

• The Brahmin class is the highest caste among all the Varnas.
• The Kshatriya is part of the upper castes and it is the second
highest varna.
• The Vaishyas are usually the Merchants and Landowners that
contribute to the economy of India.
• The first three Varnas were considered twice-born.
 Indian Caste System
• Shudra is the fourth and lowest of the Indian caste system, with artisans and
laborers as its traditional members.
• Untouchables: Any member of a wide range of low-caste Hindu groups, as well
as anyone outside the caste system, was once referred to as an untouchable.
 Filipino Caste
The highest position in Filipino society is
covered by two (2) people: The datu and the
babaylan.

The Maharlika was composed of the feudal

lords who agreed to band together as an
unbreakable alliance. 

The maginoo were the group of people that

served under the maharlika as their vassals.
 Filipino Caste

The timawa were simply people who lived

in the open air.

The land's service ordinary people,

academics, and celebrities are among them.

In pre-colonial India, the alipin caste was the

lowest significant caste.
 Filipino Caste

The caste system in the Philippines. It is,

however, separated into two (2) groups:

The aliping namamahay are land labourers,

comparable to the aliping saguiguilid. Peasants
in medieval Western societies certainly weren’t.
 Filipino Caste

The aliping saguiguilid were actual slaves. They

were lowest of the low.

In order for them to be able to gain their freedom.

They join the timawa, once they are free.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

The "casta system" is what it's called.

The Casta system is a pay-for-

performance scheme.

Each casta is taxed according to their

racial ancestry.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

Peninsulares: They were the highest rank in

the Philippines and are pure blooded Spaniards
born in Spain.

Insulares: They are ranked lower than

Peninsulares. They are the first natural-born
Filipinos with Spanish blood.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

Indio/Aetas: This rank was the lowest in the

Philippines. This heritage is one of the earliest
known inhabitants of the Philippines.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

Americanos: They were Spaniards born in the

United States. They are from colonies such as
Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Cuba.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

Mestizajes: They were composed of various

breeds because they compromised mixed
heritages.
Mestizo de Espanol: This heritage was the
highest out of the four because of the
intermarriage of Spaniards and Filipinos.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

Mestizo de Sangley: This heritage were

Filipinos with Chinese heritages. This heritage
is lowest of the four.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

Mestizo de Bombay: This heritage is composed

of Filipino and Indian heritage as a result of a
period where Great Britain conquered Manila
for two years, with Indians joining their ranks.
 Spanish Filipino – Caste System

Tornatas: It is a term used to classify whether a

person was a Mestizo de Espanol with Chinese
blood or a Mestizo de Sangley with Spanish
blood.
Thank you!
 References
Kelete, A. S. (2015, November 25). The Caste System (Brahmin and Kshatriya) – Religion 100Q: Hinduism Project. Jm.
https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/rel100hinduism/2015/11/25/the-caste-system-brahmin-and kshatriya/#:%7E:text=The
%20system%20of%20classification%2C%20Varna,and%20Shudras%20(unskilled%20workers).
Gorlinski, V. (n.d.). Cultural Life. Https://Www.Britannica.Com. Retrieved March 30, 2022, from
https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippines/Sports-and-recreation#ref387368
Mestizaje: Definition & History. (2017, October 17). Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/mestizaje-definition-
history.html.
Spanish-Filipino Caste System. (2012, January 24). Filipino Culture by The Pinoy Warrior.
http://www.thepinoywarrior.com/2012/01/spanish-filipino-caste-system.html
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (n.d.). untouchable. Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/untouchable
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (n.d.). Shudra. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shudra
Valdeavilla, R. (2018). A Guide to the Indigenous Tribes of the Philippines. Culture Trip.
https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/a-guide-to-the-indigenous-tribes-of-the-philippines