What is research?

1.What is the importance of research in daily life?

2.What are the characteristics of research?

3.What is the basic process of research?

4.What are the ethics of research?

 
IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH IN OUR
DAILY LIFE

- a tool for building knowledge

- means to understand various issues
- an aid to business success
- way to prove lies and support the truth
- a seed to love reading, writing, analyzing, and share valuable
information
- nourishment and exercise for the mind (7arah, 2017)
Characteristics of Research

- with a question

- requires a plan

- demand a clear statement of the problem

- seek direction through appropriate hypotheses

- deals with fact and their missing meaning

- circular ( Leedy,1974)
Basic Process of Research
1.
Identifying
research
problem
7.Reporting 2. Exploring
existing
findings knowledge about the
research problem

6. Forming
3. Developing the
conclusions,
research design
implication and
recommendation

Analysing
5. 4. Collecting
Data Data
Ethics in Research

- honesty
- objectivity
- integrity
- carefulness
- openness
- respect for intellectual property
- confidentiality
- responsible publication
 
- respect to colleague
- social responsibility
- competence
- animal care
- legality
- human subject protection
GUIDE QUESTIONS

1. What are the two research designs?

2. What is the main focus of each research design?

3. What is/ are the strength and weaknesses of each design?

4. What research design do you prefer to use? Why?

Now, let us differentiate the characteristics of quantitative research from

qualitative research
 Difference Between Qualitative and Quantitative Research
QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
Soft science Hard science
Subjective Objective
Dialectic, inductive reasoning Logistic, deductive reasoning
Develops theory Tests theory
Less structured, data gathered through interviews, Highly structured methods, data gathered through the
observation, content analysis use of tools, equipment

Results can be presented subjectively- may reveal Result are documented using objective language
biases, values or experiences that impact how the
results are interpreted

It involves processes, feelings, and motives and Aims to characterize trends and patterns
produces an in- depth and holistic data

uniqueness Generalization
Definition Qualitative Quantitative
A systematic subjective A formal, objective systematic of
approach used to describe obtaining information, an
life experiences and give approach used to describe, test
them meaning relationship, and examine cause
and effect of relationship
To gain insights; explore the To test relationships, describe
Goal depth, richness and examine cause and effect
complexity inherent the relations
phenomenon. Seek to confirm a hypothesis
Seek to explore, explain, and about some phenomena- WHAT
understand some and HOW MANY?
phenomena- WHAT and
WHY?