Practical Research 2  Research helps you expand on any
prior knowledge you have of the
Definition of Research
 noun; diligent and systematic inquiry
or investigation into a subject in
order to discover or revise facts,
theories, applications, etc.: recent
research in medicine.
 verb (used without object); to make
researches; investigate carefully.
 verb (used with object); to make an
extensive investigation into : to
research a matter thoroughly.
Definition of Research
 Research is defined as the creation
of new knowledge and/or the use of
existing knowledge in a new and
creative way, so as to generate new
concepts, methodologies and
understandings.
 This could include synthesis and
analysis of previous research to the
extent that it leads to new and
creative outcomes.
Importance of Research
1. Acquire knowledge effectively
2. Research helps in problem-solving
3. Provides the latest information
4. Builds credibility
5. Helps in business success
6. Discover and Seize opportunities
Acquire Knowledge Efficiently through
Research
 The most apparent reason to conduct
research is to understand more.
subject.
 The research process creates new
opportunities for learning and
progress.
Research Helps in Problem-solving
 The goal of the research is to
broaden our understanding.
 Research gives us the information
and knowledge to solve problems
and make decisions.
 The goal of research in this setting is
'problem-solving.'
Research Provides the Latest Information
 Research enables you to seek out the
most up-to-date facts.
Research Builds Credibility
 Research provides a solid basis for
formulating thoughts and views.
 In your study, you should prioritize
the most reputable sources.
 Your research should focus on the
most reliable sources.
Research Helps in Business Success
 A successful business cannot be
done without solid proof and market
research.
Research Discover and Seize
Opportunities
 Research is essential for anyone
looking for work or a change of
environment.
  Unemployed people will have a
better chance of finding potential
employers through job
advertisements or agencies. 
DIFFERENCE OF:
Quantitative research
 expressed in numbers and graphs.
 It is used to test or confirm theories
and assumptions.
 This type of research can be used to
establish generalizable facts about a
topic.
 Common quantitative methods
include experiments, observations
recorded as numbers, and surveys
with closed-ended questions.
Qualitative research
 expressed in words.
 It is used to understand concepts,
thoughts or experiences.
 This type of research enables you to
gather in-depth insights on topics
that are not well understood.
 Common qualitative methods
include interviews with open-ended
questions, observations described in
words, and literature reviews that
explore concepts and theories.
DEFINITION OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
 According to Aliaga and Gunderson,
(2000)
It is explaining phenomena by collecting
numerical data that are analyzed using
mathematically based methods (in particular
statistics).
 A phenomenon is a peculiar incident
that can happen anywhere.
Example: Increase in Sales, change in turn-
over rates, shift in the percentage of dengue
patients, decrease in juvenile crime rates.
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
1. It is reliable and objective
2. It uses statistics to generalize a
finding.
3. It reduces and restructures a complex
problem to a limited number of
variables
4. It looks at the connections between
variables and establishes cause and
effect relationships in highly
controlled circumstances.
5. It tests theories or hypotheses
6. It assumes that the sample is
representative of population
7. The subjectivity of its methodology
is a secondary concern
8. It deals with the details of the subject
Kinds of Quantitative Research
Causal-comparative
 research attempts to determine the
cause or consequences of differences
that already exist between or among
groups of individuals.
Example:
A. Female and male employees and their job
satisfaction.
B. Gender causes on differences in abilities.
Correlational
 research determines the extent of a
relationship between two or more
variables using statistical data.
Example:
A. Relationship between intelligence and
friendliness
B. Student’s hours of study and their stress
Variable
level
• A variable is any factor or property
Evaluation
that à researcher measures, controls,
 research provide a means to judge and /or manipulates.
actions and activities in terms of
• It is also the changing quantity or
values, criteria and standards.
measure of any factor, trait, or
Example: condition that can exist in differing
amounts or types.
A. Performance of newly-hired SH teachers
in MMC for S.Y. 2017-2018 • It is also a logical set of attributes,
characteristics, numbers, or
B. Water quality assessment of Boac River.
quantities that can be measured or
Experimental counted. It is also called a data item.
 research uses the scientific method to
establish the cause-effect
relationship among a group of
variables
Example:
A. Levels of heavy metal bioaccumulation
of Nypa fruticans from Boac River
B. Solar purification for water potability.
Descriptive
 research provides systematic
information about a phenomenon.
Example:
A. The attitudes of scientists regarding
global warming
B. Impacts of Qatari diplomatic crisis on
OFWs.