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  • 3rd Meeting Religions and Cultures in SEA

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    Hamied Endrianto
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    The document discusses the religions and cultural influences in Southeast Asia. It notes that the largest ethnic group is the Malay people, and that the region has been influenced by both India and China, adopting aspects of their cultures like Buddhism while also developing indigenous cultures. The main religions practiced in Southeast Asia today are Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity, with the majority of adherents varying between countries. Some states face challenges in managing religious diversity.

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    The document discusses the religions and cultural influences in Southeast Asia. It notes that the largest ethnic group is the Malay people, and that the region has been influenced by both India and China, adopting aspects of their cultures like Buddhism while also developing indigenous cultures. The main religions practiced in Southeast Asia today are Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity, with the majority of adherents varying between countries. Some states face challenges in managing religious diversity.

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    19 views17 pages

    3rd Meeting Religions and Cultures in SEA

    Uploaded by

    Hamied Endrianto
    The document discusses the religions and cultural influences in Southeast Asia. It notes that the largest ethnic group is the Malay people, and that the region has been influenced by both India and China, adopting aspects of their cultures like Buddhism while also developing indigenous cultures. The main religions practiced in Southeast Asia today are Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity, with the majority of adherents varying between countries. Some states face challenges in managing religious diversity.

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    of 17

    Religions and

    Culture
    Dian Azmawati
    The peopling of SEA
    The Peopling of SEA
    • Southern China and eastern Tibet were the
    source of the region’s population, and some
    migration had been taking place for nearly 2
    millenia
    • The largest ethnic element in todays SEA is the
    brown-skinned Malay, inhabiting Malaysia,
    Brunei, Indonesia, and the Phillipines
    The peopling of SEA
    • SEA has been overshadowed by India and China
    • Unlike Chinese, Indian influence had no political
    implications
    • Indian minorities are found in every country of
    the regions, most notably in Myanmar, Malaysia,
    and Singapore
    • Chinese becoming the majority in Singapore, and
    important minority in every other country of SEA
    The influence of India and
    China
    The influence of India and
    China
    • Before the Indian and Chinese influence became
    widespread, SEA has fostered an indigenous
    culture.
    • The Javanese had developed wayang, gamelan,
    and batik (N.J. Krom, a Dutch scholar).
    • SEA is not a cultural battlefield between China
    and India, instead, China also adopted Budhism
    which was introduced by India
    Religions and their role
    • Four religions have sizeable numbers
    of adherents in SEA:
    • Islam
    • Hinduism
    • Buddism
    (Theravada and Mahayana)
    • Christianity
    Religions and their roles
    • Some Scholars consider the religions and
    beliefs in South East Asia are :
    • Islam
    • Budhism
    • Hinduism
    • Christianity (Catholicism)
    • Confucianism
    • Animism
    Religions in SEA (2014)

    https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-
    interpreter/religion-southeast-asia-diversity-
    and-threat-extremes
    Religions and their role
    • Moslem majority can be found in
    Indonesia (except Bali: Hinduism),
    Malaysia, Brunei, and southern Philipines
    • Buddhism : Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia,
    Thailand, and Vietnam
    • Catholic: Philipines
    Religions in SEA

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    Buddhism
    • Founded in India in the 6th century BC
    • Existence is pain
    • The cycle of birth and death
    • Equality
    • Religious affairs are managed
    democratically by a body of bhiksu
    (monks)
    Hinduism
    • Evolved in India
    • Has the fourfold class system: the Brahmans
    (priests, scholars, astrologers); the Kshatriyas
    (warriors); the Vaishyas (traders); the Shudras
    (menials)
    • The religion then came to be controlled by
    Brahmans
    • Karma
    Islam
    • The prophet: Muhammad s.a.w
    • Believe in one GOD
    • Simple and easy to follow
    • Five pillars of Islam
    • Qur’an
    • No priest
    • No formal church
    Discussions
    • Do all people of different religions live in
    harmony in southeast Asia?
    • What states have problems in coping with
    the diversity of religions?
    • What is the basic problem? how can we
    solve this?

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