Presentation On Quality Control

FOOD CORPORATION OF
INDIA
Overview of
Quality Control
Presentation by :
Ms Seema Kakar
Executive Director(QC)
Dated:11.04.2017
1
S t o c k P o s i ti o n o f C e n t r a l P o o l
Vis-a-Vis
2
Quality Control in FCI
B u ff e r & S t r a t e g i c R e s e r v e s
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
The Primary Objective of Quality Control in FCI is to procure

and supply quality foodgrains. This is done by using
scientifically designed methods to ensure that there is no
deterioration in basic character and nutrients of the grain at
various stages of handling, storage, movement and
distribution
 Health of the grain, which is measured by classification

and categorization is constantly monitored.
 Quality control function is important in all the main

activities of the Corporation which includes Procurement,
Storage, Preservation, Movement and Distribution.
Vis-a-Vis
3
Functions of Quality Control
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
1. Development and adoption of Standards and techniques

which facilitate loss free transaction.
2. Preservation of Quality.
3. Quality Assurance to Consumers
4. Up gradation of technology through research and liaison

with National as well as International agencies.
Organizational SetV i sup Of Quality Control
-a-Vis
4 B u ff e r & S t r a t e g i c R e s e r v e s
Executive( ADirector (QC)
S ON 01.02.2014)
G M (QC ), ), Hqrs. CGM (QC ), ), Hqrs.
G M (QC), Z O
DGM (QC), Hqrs.

DGM (QC), Z O DGM (QC), R O
AGM(QC)
AGM(QC)
AGM(QC), RO AGM(QC), DO
M (QC)
M (QC) M (QC) M (QC), DO, Lab M (QC), Depot
T A- I, II & III T A- I, II & III

T A-I, II & III T A-I, II & III T A- I, II & III
Picker & Dusting Operator

Note: QC officers at Zones/Regions/Districts are under Picker
the control of the respective Administrative Heads
5 Quality Control Staff Position

Vis-a-Vis
as on 31.12.2016
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Sanction
Name of Post In Position Short fall
Strength
Category-I
Asst. General Manager (QC) 159 129 -30
Category-II
Manager(QC) 1259 681 -578
Category-III
Technical Assistant-I 1394 63 -1331
Technical Assistant-II 2102 1648 -454
Technical Assistant-III 3498 3512 +14
Total 6994 5223 -1771
Grand Total 8412 6033 -2379
6 Main function of the Quality Control is to
maintain the quality of foodgrains during
 Procurement
 Storage
 Transportation
 Distribution
7
Role of Quality Control Vis-a-Vis
In Procurement (AS ON 01.02.2014)
PROCUREMENT
Mandi Depot
Paddy Wheat Coarse Grains Custom Milled Levy Rice

Rice
 Foodgrains are grouped as cereals, millets and pulses.
 Cereals comprise of Wheat, Rice, Maize and Barley.
 Millets include Jowar, Bajra, Ragi etc.
 Pulses include Chana, Tur, Mung, Urd etc.
 For procurement, all cereals other than Wheat & Rice are grouped
as Coarse Grains.
 Coarse grains are procured in the State where they are produced.
Food Corporation of India ensures that
8
procurement of foodgrains is strictly in
accordance with the quality specifications
announced by Govt. of India during the relevant
season.
Procurement is done at two levels:
(A) At Mandi Level
Wheat Paddy Coarse grains

Vis-a-Vis
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 Sufficient quality control staff is posted at each mandi before

commencement of procurement.
 Required QC equipment like Moisture meter, analysis kit etc. is

made available at each mandi point.
 Samples from the heap are taken to check the moisture and
other refractions.
 If the samples are within the prescribed refraction, approval

slip is issued for acceptance of the stock. In case the lot does
not conform to specification it is rejected. Rejection slip is
issued to the party informing the reasons with an advice to
improve the relevant refractions and re-offer
10
Inspection & Procurement of
Vis-a-Vis
foodgrains at Mandi
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
At Depot Level
(B)
11
Custom Milled Rice
 At the depot points Quality Control staff is posted to accept rice under mill levy and custom
milling.
 The rice packed in 50kg jute bags with proper stenciling are offered in the fixed lots of 540
bags (27MTs) each consignment.
 The bags are dumped on the platform lot wise. The QC staff will draw the sample with the
help of Parkhi to check the uniformity of the consignment.
 Samples are drawn from the selected bags as per the Square Root method prescribed by BIS.
 QC staff also checks the weight of the gunny, stenciling and gives acceptance
acknowledgement. If any of the refractions is found beyond the specified limits the same is
mentioned in the rejection letter given to the concerned miller for taking back the stock & to
improve before reoffering.
 In case the miller is not satisfied with the rejection, he may choose to make an appeal to the
AGM(QC) concerned (1st level), DGM(QC) RO Lab (2nd level) as per appeal procedure.
12
FARMERS
PADDY
MANDI
FCI PADDY AGENCIES
RICE MILLERS
FCI
CONSUMERS
Vis-a-Vis
13 Quality Specifications
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 Before the start of each procurement season, Govt.

of India announces the Uniform Specification for
Quality of Wheat, Paddy, Rice and Coarse grains.
 FCI has to ensure procurement of foodgrains in the

mandis and at the depots strictly in accordance
with the quality specifications announced by the
Govt. of India for the relevant season.
14
Uniform Specifications of Wheat Vis-a-Vis
Rabi Marketing Season 2017-18
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
S. Maximum
Refractions
No. Limit (%)
1. Foreign Matter 0.75
2. Other foodgrains 2.0
3. Damaged grains 2.0
4. Slightly damaged grains 4.0
5. Shrivelled and broken grains 6.0
6. Moisture Content* 12.0
1. Moisture in excess of 12% and upto 14% is to be discounted at full value.
Stock containing moisture in excess of 14% are to be rejected.
2. In case of stocks having living infestation, a cut @Rs.2/-qtl may be
charged as fumigation charges.
Uniform Specifications of Paddy Vis-a-Vis
Kharif Marketing Season 2016-17
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Maximu
S.No. Refractions m
Limit(%)
Foreign Matter
1. a) Inorganic 1.0
b) Organic 1.0
Damaged, Discolored, Sprouted and Weevilled
2. 5.0
grains
3. Immature, Shrunken and Shrivelled grains 3.0
4. Admixture of Lower Class 6.0

5. Moisture Content 17.0
Uniform Specifications of Rice
Vis-a-Vis
16
Kharif Marketing Season 2016-17
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Maximum Limit (%)

S.
Refractions
No. Grade ‘A’ Common
Raw 25.0 25.0

1. Broken*
Parboiled 16.0 16.0
2. Foreign Matter** Raw/Parboiled 0.5 0.5
Damaged# /Slightly Raw 3.0 3.0
3.
damaged grains Parboiled 4.0 4.0
Raw 3.0 3.0
4. Discolored grains
Parboiled 5.0 5.0
5. Chalky grains Raw 5.0 5.0
6. Red grains Raw/Parboiled 3.0 3.0
7. Admixture of Lower class Raw/Parboiled 6.0 -
8. Dehusked grains Raw/Parboiled 13.0 13.0

9. Moisture content @ Raw/Parboiled 14.0 14.0
17 Remarks Vis-a-Vis
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
*Not more than1% by weight shall be small broken.
** Not more than 0.25% by weight shall be mineral matter

and not more than 0.10% by weight shall be impurities of
animal origin.
# Including pin point damaged grains.
@ Rice (both raw and Parboiled) can be procured with

moisture content upto a maximum limit of 15% with value
cut. There will be no value cut up to 14%, between 14% to
15% moisture, value cut will be applicable at the rate of full
value.
Checks and Super Checks
18
Technical Assistants accept Rice stocks on 100% Check
Supervisory Checks of Procured Stocks

At the level of
% of Test Check
officers
Manager (QC) 25% rice consignments accepted by each TA at each
concerned Depot on day to day basis
AGM (QC) 10% rice stocks (consignments-wise/stack-wise)
concerned accepted by each TA on fortnightly basis at each Depot.
Area Manager, 2% rice consignments/stocks accepted by each TA on
concerned fortnightly basis at each Depot.
10 Depots during each month spread over at least 3 FCI
DGM (QC) of Region
districts.
At least 4 Depots every month spread over at least two
GM (Region)
FCI districts.
GM (QC) & DGM A minimum of two Depots in different procuring Regions
(QC), Zonal Office each month. Next month different Regions are covered
19
Role of Quality Control inVis-a-Vis
Preservation of Foodgrains
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Foodgrains after procurement, have to be properly

stored and its quality has to be preserved in storage till
its disposal.
Three types of storage structures were developed:
(A) Godowns
(B) Cover and Plinth (CAP)
(C) Storage in Loose Operation (SILO)

STORAGE
20
FCI Owned Hired
Covered Godown CAP SILO
Stacking Covering
Bulk Storage
Physical Treatments Physical Treatments
e.g. Aeration, Brushing e.g. Aeration, Brushing
Inspection Inspection
Chemical Treatment Chemical Treatment

Chemical Treatment
Prophylactic Curative
Prophylactic Curative Prophylactic Curative
Issue/dispatches Issue/dispatches 20
Issue/dispatches
Vis-a-Vis
21 Godowns
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 Godowns are designed and constructed on scientific lines making it

Rodent proof, by proper height (0.97 mtr from ground), Damp proof by
providing pucca floor and Leakage proof.
 Before the stocks are received, the godown is properly cleaned &
cobwebs, if any, are removed.
 Floor and walls are treated with chemicals such as air charging with
Malathion and spray of DDVP on floor and walls to make it pest free.
 Markings are provided for stacks and the dunnage material is spread on
which the foodgrains bags are arranged as per stack plan which ensures
clear alleyways & gangways for easy movement, for drawing samples,
treating the stock and easy operations for liquidation of stock.
Vis-a-Vis
22 CAP Storage (Cover And Plinth)
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 In case of shortage of covered storage space foodgrains may

have to be stored in open on CAP.
 This type of storage is in the open where grain stacks are

kept either on plinths (Pucca Plinth) or on plain ground with
dunnage (Katcha Plinth).
 As grains is kept in the open, care is taken for maintenance of

quality of grain.
 Rats, birds and moisture are the main enemies of grain in CAP
storage.
 In view of the risks involved, this type of storage is attempted

as a last resort.
Vis-a-Vis
23 Covered And Plinth (CAP)
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Stack Plan / Identification of Stacks
24
Stack plans is drawn in advance with stack numbers indicated on

the plinths wherever available.
Where no plinths exist, stack numbers are planted on little posts

nearby. The maximum quantity in a stack is 150 tonnes of wheat,
130 tonnes of paddy. Rice is not stored in open. Length and width of
stacks is not in excess of 30’ feet and 20’ respectively.
Vis-a-Vis
25
Stack Formation
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
The top of the stacks is built to form a dome, in the shape

of an inverted ‘V’ to facilitate easy flow of rain water and
prevent accumulation of water on the top. A layer of bags
filled with paddy husk/ Bhusa is provided on the top layers
of all the stock of foodgrains, irrespective of the
commodity, to minimize damage due to rains, birds, high
temperature and condensation. Dome formation in case of
20 layer stack will start after the 16th layer.
26 Dunnage Vis-a-Vis
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Adequate dunnage is provided for all stacks in CAP/ open

storage, Wooden Crates are preferred. However, cement
blocks, wooden rafters, causurina poles, granite blocks,
according to local availability, have also been used
successfully. The dunnage material is cleaned and
disinfected either by fumigation or by treating with
contact insecticides such as DDVP. Polythene sheets is
not used as dunnage in CAP storage.
Vis-a-Vis
27 SILO Storage
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 The SILO structure are used to store the foodgrains in bulk form without container. FCI
had RCC Silo/Bins at 13 location in the Country out of which only 6 locations i.e. Punjab
(3), Haryana (1) and UP (2) are under operation.
 FCI has set up modern bulk storage systems namely Silos at Moga (Punjab) and Kaithal
(Haryana) of 2 lakh MT Capacity each. In addition there are 5 field Depots at Navi Mumbai
(50,000 MT) and Chennai, Coimbatore, Bangalore and Hoogly of (25,000 MT) each.
 Sampling and testing in these silos is done through advanced automatic instruments.
 Sampling is done with truck probe joystick with a minimum sample of 2,500grams. The
truck details are noted by CPU of sampling stations from the tag on the truck and the lot
number is assigned automatically.
 Testing of the sample;
 The sample of 2,500grams is passed through a four way sample divider which divides
after centrifugal mixing of the sample in uniform way into four parts in 4:3:2:1 ratio. This
means four samples in different quantities such as 1,000 gm,750gm,500gm and 250gms
are obtained. These samples are checked for different parameters and the results are
recorded.
28 Overview of SILOs
Vis-a-Vis
29
Steps during Storage
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
I. AERATION
In CAP, damage may occur due to condensation at the top and

sometimes at the sides. Condensation will continue to occur when daily
variation in temperature is in excess of 10o C. To reduce the damages
due to condensation aeration is taken as below:
Minimum aeration requirements are :

(i) With M.C less than 12 per cent ---one day in a fortnight in the early
cool hours only.
(ii) With M.C 12 per cent to 14 per cent ---one day in three days in the
early cool hours only.
(iii) With M.C above 14 per cent---continuous till M.C. is brought down
to 14 per cent and thereafter as at (ii) and (i) above.
Vis-a-Vis
30 Checks and Super Checks
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
1. Fortnightly inspection of stocks on 100% basis by TAs for declaring

categorization & classification.
2. Monthly inspection by Manager (QC)- 33% of stocks (1/3rd of stocks) in a

month. Monthly Inspection Reports (MIR) of Manager (QC) are scrutinized
at District/Regional level. Suggestions made therein are to be
implemented and monitored through action taken reports (ATR).
3. Quarterly inspection by AGM (QC)
 1/3rd of depots in a month so as to cover all the depots in the District in

three months
 5% of stocks are to be checked in a depot having capacity of more than
25000 MTs
 10% of stocks in respect of depot having less than 25000 MTs
 Squad Inspection reports (SIR) of AGM (QC) are scrutinized in Zonal
office.
31 Sampling of Foodgrains in Progress
32 Classification of Foodgrains Vis-a-Vis

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Class Particulars Sample Size
Clear Lot completely free from living

Infestations.
Per 500 gm of
Few Lot having up to two living insects. representative
sample drawn by
Lot having more than two living parkhi from all
Heavy insects. sides of a stack.
Classification is based on the no. of living insects in a sample of one kg drawn from
the particular stack.
Curative treatment is undertaken when classification is found as few or heavy.

Vis-a-Vis
33 Categorization of Wheat
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Category %age of Weevilled Grains
A upto 1.0%
B above 1.0% to 4.0%
C above 4.0% to 7.0%
D above 7.0% to 10.0%
(On volumetric basis) (20 cc)

{Based on the %age of Weevilled grains (by count method)}
34 Categorization of Rice Vis-a-Vis

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Category Variety Refractions
Damaged Grains Discoloured Grains
A Raw Rice upto 3% upto 3%

Parboiled Rice upto 3% upto 3%
B Raw Rice above 3% upto 4% above 3% upto 5%

Parboiled Rice above 3% upto 4% above 3% upto 5%
C Raw Rice above 4% upto 5% above 5% upto 7%

Parboiled Rice above 4% upto 5% above 5% upto 7%
D Raw Rice Lots showing appreciable quantity of loose bran

Parboiled Rice (more than 0.5%) or giving unpleasant smell
Based on the %age damaged and discoloured grains (by weight)

35
Preservation of stocks by Vis-a-Vis
Physical and Chemical treatments
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
During storage in the godowns and CAP the stocks need to be kept clean
by physical method and treated regularly with the approved chemicals
to protect the stocks from getting infested with pest.
Methods of Treatment are as under:
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
Cleaning Brushing Aeration Prophylactic Curative
Al. Phosphide
Malathion Deltamethrin DDVP

Vis-a-Vis
36
Prophylactic Treatments
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Pesticide Dilution Dosage Frequency
15 days (Except
3Lit solution per
Malathion from Nov. to
1:100 100
50% EC Feb. once in 3
Sq.mt.
weeks)
3 Lit solution per

Deltamethrin
40gms/Lit 100 Once in 90 days
2.5% WP
Sq.mt.
Empty space
DDVP treatment 3 Lt. As & when
1:150
76% EC Solution per 100 reqd.
Sq.Mt.
37 Prophylactic Treatments (Spraying)
Vis-a-Vis
38 Curative Treatments
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Period of
Pesticide Dilution Dosage
exposure
In cover
9 gms/MT
fumigation
Aluminium 63 gms/28 Cu.Mt. Exposure period
In shed
Phosphide min 5 days
fumigation
9 gms/MT+20%
additional
In CAP Storage
39 Curative Treatments (Fumigation)
40
Regular Aeration
of Foodgrains
Liquidation of
Stocks on Categorization of
FIFO basis Preservation of Foodgrains
Foodgrains
Disinfestations Classification of
Measures Foodgrains
41
Role of Quality Control during
Vis-a-Vis
Transportation of Foodgrains
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
The quality control measures are required to be taken at the

time of transportation of the stocks so as to ensure the grain
that is dispatched is received at the receiving end in the
same condition without getting damaged and contaminated.
As such the QC personnel take precautionary measures before
and after the transportation.
Dispatches
42
Based on FIFO/Priority for issuing stacks
Transportation
By Rail Quality check at receiving end By Road
Within Specifications Beyond Specifications
Quality Complaint
Issue to State Govt. for Procedure for lodging quality complaint

& Time limit (in days)
distribution under PDS/OWS
Lodging of Quality Complaint 3
Quality Assessment by M (QC) 5
Completion of Joint Analysis 25
Submission of LAS 30
Vis-a-Vis
43 Mode of Transportation
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
By Rail: Before loading the stocks into the wagons, the

wagons are checked to ensure that the wagon is in order
and leak proof. The wagon is cleaned and dunnage material
like bamboo mats or pieces of black polythene covers are
placed after spraying with malathion to make it insect free.
The stocks identified for loading are loaded in the wagons.
At the receiving end the Quality Control staff will check the
quality of the grains with reference to GOI specifications
which are in vogue.
Vis-a-Vis
44 Mode of Transportation
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
By Road: The Quality Control staff before loading the truck

will ensure that the truck is in order and the stocks are
loaded after putting the dunnage in the truck. At the
receiving end the stocks are checked by Quality Control
personnel with reference to GOI specifications which are in
vogue.
Vis-a-Vis
45 Priority for Dispatch/Issue of Wheat
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Stock shall be liquidated on the basis of ‘FIFO’ based on crop year and date
of receipt with in same crop year if stocks is in the same category.
Location wise priority
Priority-I : CAP on Katcha ground.

Priority-II : Temporary hired sheds such as School buildings.
Priority-III : CAP on air fields.
Priority-IV : CAP on roads of hired godowns.
Priority-V : CAP in FCI depot premises
Priority-VI : Covered godown
Foodgrains procured Under Relaxed Specifications (URS) will be
issued/moved on overriding priority. Where ever, wheat stocks are
procured with relaxation in luster lost due to unseasonal rains, luster lost
wheat stocks will be issued/moved on overriding priority and FIFO
principle shall not apply to such stocks.
Vis-a-Vis
46 Priority for Dispatch/Issue of Rice
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Stock shall be liquidated on the basis of ‘FIFO’ based on crop year and
date of receipt with in same crop year if stocks is in the same category.
Priority-I: ‘D’ category stocks having high %age of loose bran & emitting musty
smell. These stocks require to be aerated and/or cleaned, where
necessary before issue. The stocks should conform to PFA requirements
and the standing instructions for issues.
Priority-II: Stocks falling in ‘C’ category conforming to PFA requirements and the
standing instructions for issues.
Priority-III: Stocks stored in sub-standard godowns over six months, irrespective of
category.
Priority-IV: Stocks already fumigated five times, irrespective of category.
Priority-V: Stocks in ‘B’ category.
Priority-VI: Stocks in ‘A’ category.
Foodgrains procured Under Relaxed Specifications (URS) will be issued/moved on

overriding priority.
Vis-a-Vis
47 Quality Control in Distribution
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 At the time of distribution the grains are identified ‘AS FIT FOR HUMAN
CONSUMPTION OR OTHERWISE’ by inspecting the stocks before distribution,
Food Corporation of India ensures that the grain released for sale to the
consumers meet the requirements as per the Government of India
specifications.
 At the time of issue of stocks , ample opportunities are provided to the officials
of the state Govt./UTs to inspect the stocks prior to lifting from Food
Corporation of India Godowns.
 As per the procedure , ‘THREE JOINT SEALED SAMPLES’ of accepted issuable

stocks for distribution under PDS/Welfare schemes of GOI is taken and provided
to the state government representative or their nominated agencies for
displaying the same at Fair Price Shops .
 A CERTIFICATE with regard to quality and quantity being accepted is also

obtained from state government representatives .
Procedure for issue/disposal of Rice stocks
48
Issuable Non-issuable
Depot reports to D.O. on detection

Ready Upgradable
Within Uniform D.C.C, Checks 100%

Specification > 20% over & above
Uniform Specification
R.C.C, Checks 20%
Up to 20% over &
above Uniform Z.C.C, Checks 5%
Specification Issued after Economically Not
Upgradation viable or operationally
not feasible Hqrs. Vig. To
scrutinize When
PDS OWS quantity is more than
1000Mt in a region
D.C.C R.C.C Z.C.C Intimated to Hqrs.
Approval at Hqrs. by
QC
To check the correctness to avoid sale of good
stocks RRC holders Open tender
<500 MT > 500 MT 48
Disposal through tender sale
49 Quality Control At the Time of Vis-a-Vis

Issue/Dispatch
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 Quality Control give priority in each depot for issue of stock.
 Stocks earmarked under issuable categorization are only allowed to be

issued.
 Priority is given on the basis of FIFO.
Following points are also considered while drawing the priority.
 Stocks procured under relaxed specifications are to be issued on

overriding priority.
 Imported wheat stocks are also to be issued on overriding priority.
 This priority is issued for each depot every month for the stocks
available in that depot as on 1st of the Month.
Vis-a-Vis
50 Quality Assurance
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 As per the existing instructions in vogue, joint sampling system is

done before the foodgrains are issued.
 Provision of mere display of samples at FPS shops has not been

able to effectively redress consumer-grievances regarding quality
of foodgrains finally distributed from FPS shops.
 The stocks of foodgrains which is within FSSAI limit and beyond

issuable standards is permitted for up-gradation before issue.
Vis-a-Vis
51 Quality Assurance
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
 It is mandatory to ensure that foodgrains issued under Food Security

Act conform to the Quality Standards prescribed by Ministry of Food
and FSSAI.
 At the time of procurement, foodgrains are accepted as per Uniform

Specifications. In case foodgrains are beyond FAQ specifications , they
are classified as BRL at the stage of procurement.
 No co-relation to be drawn between the foodgrains accepted as BRL at

the time of procurement with the relaxation upto 20 % given in FAQ
specifications regarding broken, chalky, red and de-husked grains for
rice at the time of issue.
 At the time of procurement as and when foodgrains are detected as

BRL, the same are earmarked separately wherever applicable for
replacement. Such stocks, in no case, can be issued unless the same
are replaced.
Food Safety and Standards
Vis-a-Vis
52
( Food Products Standards and Food
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Additives) Regulations,2011 (Part I)

Foodgrains: Regulation 2.4.6.1
1. Shall be whole or broken kernels of cereals, millets and pulses.
2. Shall be free from Argemone maxicana & Kesari in any form.
3. Shall be free from colouring matter.
4. Shall not contain any insecticide residues other than those specified in regulation
2.3.1 of Food Safety and Standards (Contaminants, Toxins and Residues)
Regulation,2011 and the amount of insecticides residue in the foodgrains shall not
exceed the limits specified in Regulation 2.3.1 of the said table Food Safety and
Standards (Contaminants, Toxins and Residues) Regulation, 2011.
5. Shall be clean, free from all impurities including foreign matter (extraneous
matter).
(http://www.fssai.gov.in/GazettedNotifications.aspx#regulations2011)
Food Safety
S t o c k P o s i ti oand
n o f C e nStandards
tral Pool
Vis-a-Vis
53 ( Food Products
B u ff e r & S Standards
t r a t e g i c R e s e r v e s and Food
(AS ON 01.02.2014)

Regulation 2.4.6.2
Wheat
General Wheat shall be dried mature grains. It shall be
sweet, clean and wholesome.
Moisture Not more than 14 % by weight (obtained by
heating the pulverized grains at 130-133 deg
Centigrade for 2 hours)
Foreign Matter Not exceed 1% by weight of which not more than

(Extraneous matter) 0.25% by weight shall be mineral matter and not
more than 0.1% by weight shall be impurities of
animals origins.
Other edible grains Not more than 6% by weight.

Food Safety
tral Pool
Vis-a-Vis
54 ( Food Products
(AS ON 01.02.2014)

Regulation 2.4.6.2
Wheat
Damaged Grains Not more than 6.0 % by weight including Karnal
Bunt affected grains and ergot got affected grains.
The limit of Karnal Bunt affected grains and ergot
affected grains shall not exceed 3.0 % and 0.05 % by
weight, respectively.
Weevilled grain Not more than 10.0% by count.
Uric Acid Not more than 100 mg. per kg.
Aflatoxin Not more than 30 micrograms per kg.
Deoxynivalenol Not more than 1000 micrograms per kg.
(DON)
Provided that the total of foreign matter, other edible grains and
damaged grains shall not exceed 12.0 % by weight.
Food Safety
Vis-a-Vis
tral Pool
55 ( Food Products
(AS ON 01.02.2014)

Regulation 2.4.6.5
Rice
Rice shall be the mature kernels or pieces of
kernels of Oryza sativa Linn. Obtained from
General paddy as raw or parboiled. It shall be dry,
sweet, clean and wholesome and free from
unwholesome substances.
Not more than 14 % by weight (obtained by
Moisture heating the pulverized grains at 130-133 deg
Centigrade for 2 hours)
Not exceed 1% by weight of which not more
Foreign Matter
than 0.25% by weight shall be mineral matter
(Extraneous
and not more than 0.1% by weight shall be
matter)
impurities of animals origins.
Food Safety
Vis-a-Vis
tral Pool
56 ( Food Products
(AS ON 01.02.2014)

Regulation 2.4.6.5
Rice
Damaged Grains Not more than 5.0 % by weight
Weevilled grain Not more than 10.0% by count.
Uric Acid Not more than 100 mg. per kg.
Aflatoxin Not more than 30 micrograms per kg.
Provided that the total of foreign matter and damaged grains shall
not exceed 6.0 % by weight.
57
Procedure of Lodging and Finalizing
Vis-a-Vis
Quality Complaints(AS ON 01.02.2014)
On receipt of foodgrains by trucks or through railways

wagons, a representative sample of stocks, truck
wise/wagon wise, is drawn by the consignee. The sample is
analysed with reference to the quality specifications and
standards in force. On such analysis, if the stock
represented by the sample does not conform to the
standards/specifications, an intimation through e-mail will
be sent to the consignor General Manager and the consignor
Area Manager within 72 hrs. of receipt of such stocks.
Vis-a-Vis
58
Time Frame for Quality Complaints
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Sr. Time
Procedure
No Limits
1. Lodging of quality complaint from the date of 3 days
receipt/unloading of stocks
2. Sending the quality assessment report by 5 days
consignee manager (QC) to consignor Area
Manager/GM(R)/ED (Zone) with a copy to
Hqrs. on receipt of stocks
3. Completion of joint analysis from the date of 25 days
unloading of the stocks.
4. Submission of LAS on the basis of joint 30 days
inspection report or otherwise
59
Categorization of Non-Issuable Foodgrains
Vis-a-Vis
(based on %age
( A S O N 0 1 .of
0 2 . 2 0sound
14) grain)
Category %age of sound grains other than foreign matter &

damaged foodgrains
Feed-I 85% to less than 94%(in wheat)/95%(in rice)

Feed-II 70% to less than 85%
Feed-III 55% to less than 70%
Industrial Use 30% to less than 55%
Manure Use 10% to less than 30%
Dumping less than 10% (to be offered as Manure before dumping)
 The entire exercise of detection and declaration of damaged foodgrains

is time bound and completed within a maximum period of 45 days.
 In case accrual of damaged foodgrains is more than 1000 MTs in a

particular region, it is intimated to GM (Vigilance) Hqrs directly.
 GM (Region) offers the damaged foodgrains to the State Govts and

Agencies having feed manufacturing plants with RRC at applicable rate.
60
Procedure for Disposal of Vis-a-Vis
Non-Issuable Foodgrains
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Non-issuable foodgrains: Stocks containing damaged grains above 5% (in

case of rice) or 6% (in case of wheat) shall be treated as non-issuable
stock unfit for human consumption. On detection of non-issuable grain
categorization is done as under:
Categorization
TA/M(QC) 100% of stocks-representative sample of 500 gm sent to Distt Lab

within 7 days
DCC 100% comprising of Area Manager, M (QC) Distt. Lab., M(QC)

Centre & M (Fin/A/cs) within 15 days
RCC 20% of stocks checked by DCCcomprising of AGM (QC),AGM

(Fin/A/cs) of R.O., Area Manager/AGM (QC) of Distt.
ZCC 5% of stocks checked by RCC comprising of AGM (QC) of Z.O./R.O.,

AGM (QC)/Area Manager of Distt. – are nominated by ED (Z)
61 Quality Control Laboratories Vis-a-Vis

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
District QC Labs
• To collect 10% of stack samples (rice accepted at particular depot).
• Analysis of Mandi purchased samples in respect of wheat/paddy
Regional QC Labs
• Receive 5% of the stack samples (rice) for analysis
• Analysis of Squad samples
Zonal QC Labs
• Physical & chemical analysis of foodgrains
• Analysis of Squad samples.
Headquarters QC Lab at IFS, Gurgaon

• Physical & chemical analysis of foodgrains (Uric acid/pesticide residue) i
out for the samples referred.
62 Quality Control Laboratory
Crop Year-wise Stock Position of
Vis-a-Vis
63
Readily Issuable Foodgrains in
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Central Pool as on 01.03.2017

(Fig. in LMT)
All India Total

Commodity
FCI State Agencies Total
Wheat 64.18 26.30 90.48
Rice 154.24 43.69 197.93
Total 218.42 69.99 288.41
Remark: This stock excludes stocks in transit, BRL/ Upgradable/ Non-issuable/ ’C&D’
Category Wheat and ‘D’ category Rice
Crop YearS twise position of Readily
o c k P o s i ti o n o f C e n t r a l P o o l
Vis-a-Vis
64
Issuable BStock in Central Pool
u ff e r & S t r a t e g i c R e s e r v e s
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
As on 01.03.2017

Rice
Wheat
Crop Year (excluding unmilled
paddy)
Stocks as on %age of Stocks as on %age of
01.03.17 stocks 01.03.17 stocks
2016-17 88.44 97.75 166.85 84.30
2015-16 0.75 0.83 30.82 15.57
2014-15 1.29 1.43 0.26 0.13
Total 90.48 197.93
Remark: This stock excludes stocks in transit, BRL/Upgradable/Non-issuable/’C&D’

Category Wheat and ‘D’ category Rice
65 Region-wise Stock Position of Wheat Vis-a-Vis

stored in CAP as on 01.03.2017

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
(Fig. in MT)
CAP
Regions Pucca
FCI State Agencies Total
Punjab 1,692 75,761 77,453

Haryana -- -- --
Grand Total 1,692 75,761 77,453
* Figures excludes 536684 MT Non-Issuable lying with state Agencies.
Region-wise Crop Year-wise Stock
Vis-a-Vis
66
Position ofB uWheat stored in SILOs
ff e r & S t r a t e g i c R e s e r v e s
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
As on 01.03.2017 (Fig. in MT)

Sl. No. Region Location 2014-15 2016-17 Total
1 Maharashtra Panvel (Taloja) 36,160 4,458 40,618
3 Karnataka Malur (Bangalore) 22,373 -- 22,373
4 Tamil Nadu Elavur (Chennai) 11,991 3,052 15,043

Madukarai 23,129 -- 23,129
(Coimbatore)
Total (SZ) 57,498 -- 60,550
5 Punjab Moga -- 58,017 58,017
Moga -- 5,651 5,651
Jagraon (Ludhiana) -- 8,251 8,251
Govindgarh -- 7,509 7,509

(Ludhiana)
Total (Pb) -- 79,428 79,428
6 Haryana Solu Majra,( Kaithal) -- 80,082 80,082
Total (HR) -- 80,082 80,082

7 UP Lucknow 3,124 -- 3,124
Total (UP) 3,124 -- 3,124
Grand Total 96,782 1,63,968 2,63,802
Vis-a-Vis
67 Accrual of Non-Issuable Foodgrains in FCI
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Non-Issuable % of Damaged
Off-take Quantity
Food grains Foodgrains
YEAR (Excluding DCP)
Accrued against Off-
(Figures in LMTs)
(In LMTs) take Quantity
2010-11 0.06 432.07 0.014
2011-12 0.03 473.59 0.007
2012-13 0.03 552.60 0.006
2013-14 0.25 523.16 0.047
2014-15 0.19 501.75 0.037
2015-16 0.03 490.15 0.006
2016-17 (as on
0.09 429.28 0.020
01.03.2017)
68
Trend of Accrual of Non-Issuable
Vis-a-Vis
Foodgrains in FCI
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Accrued of Non-Issuable/Damaged Percentage (%) against

Year
Foodgrains with FCI (in LMT) Off-take from FCI
2005-06 0.950 0.264
2006-07 0.250 0.079
2007-08 0.340 0.105
2008-09 0.200 0.065
2009-10 0.070 0.019
2010-11 0.060 0.015
2011-12 0.030 0.007
2012-13 0.030 0.006
2013-14 0.250 0.047
2014-15 0.188 0.037
2015-16 0.030 0.006
2016-17 (as on 0.090 0.020
01.03.2017)
Region-wise Stock Position of Non-
Vis-a-Vis
69
Issuable Foodgrains lying with FCI
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
As on 01.03.2017
(Fig. in MT)
Name of the Region Wheat Rice Total
East Zone
Bihar 0.000 0.000 0.000
Jharkhand 0.000 0.000 0.000
Orissa 0.000 0.000 0.000
West bengal 0.000 0.000 0.000
**Zone Total** 0.000 0.000 0.000
NE Zone
Assam 7.547 197.614 205.161
Arunachal Pradesh 0.000 0.000 0.000
NEF (Megh./Mizo./Tripura) 0.276 21.182 21.458
Manipur 0.000 0.000 0.000
Nagaland 0.000 3.000 0.000
**Zone Total** 7.823 221.796 229.619
Vis-a-Vis
70
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
As on 01.03.2017
(Fig. in MT)
Name of the Region Wheat Rice Total
North Zone
Delhi 0.000 0.000 0.000
Haryana 0.000 0.000 0.000
Himachal Pradesh 0.000 0.000 0.000
Jammu & Kashmir 0.000 0.000 0.000
Punjab 0.000 0.000 0.000
Rajasthan 8.103 0.000 8.103
Uttar Pradesh 4.710 53.020 57.730
Uttrakhand 0.000 0.000 0.000
**Zone Total** 12.813 53.020 65.833
Vis-a-Vis
71
(AS ON 01.02.2014)
As on 01.03.2017
(Fig. in MT)
Name of the Region WHEAT RICE TOTAL

South Zone
Andhra Pradesh 1.185 0.000 1.185
Kerala 0.000 2.140 2.140
Karnataka 0.000 0.000 0.000
Tamil Nadu 0.015 7.648 7.663
**Zone Total** 1.200 9.788 10.988
West Zone
Gujarat 3.205 0.571 3.776
Maharashtra 1.543 21.183 22.726
Madhya Pradesh 0.000 0.000 0.000
Chhattisgarh 12.383 0.000 12.383
**Zone Total** 17.131 21.754 38.885
**Country Total** 38.967 306.358 345.325
72 Trial Milling of Paddy for fixation

Vis-a-Vis
Out Turn Ratio (OTR)

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
As per directions of the MoCAF&PD, FCI signed MoU with IICPT, Thanjavur
for conducting study on “Trial Milling of Paddy for fixation of Out Turn
Ratio” on 27.01.2014 to conduct a fresh study to determine the Out Turn
Ratio and to ascertain the milling yield of rice from paddy and the quality of
milled rice obtained in different Agro Climatic Areas in the 11 States namely
1) Bihar, 2) Odisha, 3)West Bengal, 4) Chhattisgarh,

5) Maharashtra, 6) Punjab, 7) Haryana, 8) Uttar Pradesh,
9) Andhra Pradesh, 10) Kerala, 11)Tamil Nadu.
Report on study has been received and certain clarifications has been
requested from IICPT.
73 Study on Shelf-life of Wheat procured

Vis-a-Vis
Under Relaxed Specifications

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Objectives
To assess the storability of URS wheat and effect of atmospheric and biotic
condition on physical and chemical quality of URS wheat in storage.
Duration
One Year, July, 2015 to June, 2016. The study has already been completed
and on receipt of final report, it will be examined and projected for
storability to its maximum period.
Place of Study
Procuring Regions: Consuming Regions:
1. Punjab 1. Tamilnadu
2. Haryana 2. Karnataka
3. Rajasthan 3. Maharashtra
4. Madhya Pradesh.

Vis-a-Vis

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
Food Corporation of India procuring wheat from farmers as per Uniform

Specifications issued for every Rabi Marketing Season. During Rabi
Marketing Season 2015-16, Govt. of India has given relaxations under
Uniform Specifications of wheat in the State of Punjab, Haryana,
Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat due to unseasonal
rains in order to reduce the hardship of farmers and to avoid distress sale
of wheat based on the request of respective State Government.
During RMS 2015-16, a quantity of approx. 281 LMT wheat has been
procured by FCI (30 LMT) and State Agencies (251 LMT) out of which
approx. 266 LMT has been procured under relaxed specifications i.e. URS
Wheat. Against the procured URS wheat of 266 LMT, only 0.09 LMT of URS
wheat of crop year 2015-16 is lying in the Central Pool as on 01.02.2017.

Vis-a-Vis

(AS ON 01.02.2014)
In order to preserve the URS wheat and to avoid any deterioration,

instructions were issued to concerned State Govts. and FCI Regional
offices to keep separate stacking of URS wheat as per Govt. of India
instructions for deciding priority among them at the time of issue
During the storage, wheat grains are undergoing various physical and
biochemical changes which affect the quality. Since the majority of
wheat procured during RMS 2015-16 are under relaxed specifications,
prolonged storage would have been detrimental for issue under TPDS
and OWS.
Therefore, it was felt necessary to conduct a study the quality and shelf-
life of wheat procured under relaxed specifications in order to evaluate
the quality and further drawing priority for issuance. Accordingly, IGMRI
Hapur was assigned to conduct the study. The report of study is awaited.
HLCS tRecommendations
Vis-a-Vis
76
Action Taken ( AReport
S O N 0 1 . 0 2 . 2 0 1in respect of
4)
Quality Control Division

Recommendations of the HLC
Quality checks in procurement have to be adhered to, and anything below
the specified quality will not be acceptable under central pool. Quality
checks can be done either by FCI and/ or any third party accredited
agencies in a transparent manner with the help of mechanized processes of
quality checking.
Decision taken by Government of India

1. FCI would strengthen its quality control infrastructure and modernize
its laboratories.
2. FCI would make arrangements for quality checks by External agencies

as per need.
3. FCI would contact premier institutions of the country for mechanized

quality checking.
HLCS tRecommendations
Vis-a-Vis
77
Action Taken ( AReport
S O N 0 1 . 0 2 . 2 0 1in respect of
4)
Quality Control Division

1. Action for purchase of lab instruments have been initiated.
2. (i) Model Tender Form (MTF) for engagement/ empanelment of external agencies for
quality checks as per need, had been prepared and forwarded to Regions . However,
Regions have recommended that for now there is no need for outsourcing
(ii) Instructions have been issued to regions to get FCI wheat stacks analyzed by
premier institutions/accredited labs/public analysts to ensure that stacks are
conforming to GOI/FSSAI standards.
3. (i) We are likely to enter in a CNP agreement with CFTRI, Mysuru for modernization/
upgradation of IFS Lab, Gurugram.
(ii) Pilot project on Computerized Rice Analyzer has been launched at 15 selected
centres of 06 procuring regions namely Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Punjab,
Haryana and UP in mid of Nov, 2016. Duration of the project is 06 months.
78

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FOOD CORPORATION OF

The Primary Objective of Quality Control in FCI is to procure

 Health of the grain, which is measured by classification

 Quality control function is important in all the main

1. Development and adoption of Standards and techniques

3. Quality Assurance to Consumers

4. Up gradation of technology through research and liaison

G M (QC ), ), Hqrs. CGM (QC ), ), Hqrs.

DGM (QC), Hqrs.

T A- I, II & III T A- I, II & III

Picker & Dusting Operator

5 Quality Control Staff Position

Paddy Wheat Coarse Grains Custom Milled Levy Rice

Procurement is done at two levels:

(A) At Mandi Level

Wheat Paddy Coarse grains

 Sufficient quality control staff is posted at each mandi before

 Required QC equipment like Moisture meter, analysis kit etc. is

 If the samples are within the prescribed refraction, approval

Custom Milled Rice

FCI PADDY AGENCIES

 Before the start of each procurement season, Govt.

 FCI has to ensure procurement of foodgrains in the

3. Immature, Shrunken and Shrivelled grains 3.0

4. Admixture of Lower Class 6.0

Maximum Limit (%)

Raw 25.0 25.0

7. Admixture of Lower class Raw/Parboiled 6.0 -

8. Dehusked grains Raw/Parboiled 13.0 13.0

*Not more than1% by weight shall be small broken.

** Not more than 0.25% by weight shall be mineral matter

# Including pin point damaged grains.

@ Rice (both raw and Parboiled) can be procured with

Supervisory Checks of Procured Stocks

Foodgrains after procurement, have to be properly

Three types of storage structures were developed:

(B) Cover and Plinth (CAP)

(C) Storage in Loose Operation (SILO)

FCI Owned Hired

Covered Godown CAP SILO

Chemical Treatment Chemical Treatment

 Godowns are designed and constructed on scientific lines making it

 In case of shortage of covered storage space foodgrains may

 This type of storage is in the open where grain stacks are

 As grains is kept in the open, care is taken for maintenance of

 In view of the risks involved, this type of storage is attempted

Stack plans is drawn in advance with stack numbers indicated on

Where no plinths exist, stack numbers are planted on little posts

The top of the stacks is built to form a dome, in the shape

Adequate dunnage is provided for all stacks in CAP/ open

In CAP, damage may occur due to condensation at the top and

Minimum aeration requirements are :

1. Fortnightly inspection of stocks on 100% basis by TAs for declaring

2. Monthly inspection by Manager (QC)- 33% of stocks (1/3rd of stocks) in a

3. Quarterly inspection by AGM (QC)

 1/3rd of depots in a month so as to cover all the depots in the District in

32 Classification of Foodgrains Vis-a-Vis

Class Particulars Sample Size

Clear Lot completely free from living

Curative treatment is undertaken when classification is found as few or heavy.

Category %age of Weevilled Grains

B above 1.0% to 4.0%

C above 4.0% to 7.0%