VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS ON ROSE MARIGOLD, CHRYSANTHEMUM.

Flowers have always been an integral part of Indian culture and society. With globalization
and free market economy, floriculture has attained an industrial status and has gained
tremendous momentum in the last few years. Floriculture is a viable and profitable
alternative for the new generation of farmers.
Karnataka is a major floriculture State in the Country with 22,340 hectares of area under
floriculture accounting for 14% of Country’s total area and a production of 169, 120 metric
tons of loose and 5550 Lakh number cut flowers accounting for 20% of loose and 13% of cut
flower production of the Country. The state has the highest area under modern cut flowers,
and 40 flower growing and exporting units. The country's first flower auction centre is
located in Karnataka.
Introduction
ROSE:
Rose has ever been the World’s most favourite and unchallenged queen of flowers is
undoubtedly one of the most beautiful nature’s creations. Rose is symbol of love, adoration
and innocence. Rose is one of the important flowers and is used for decoration, loose
flower, bouquets and for worship. The oil extracted from rose is used for preparations of
perfumes and cosmetics. Rose cultivation has been followed since time immemorial in India.
Rose is a popular crop for both domestic and commercial cut flowers.
Climate and Soil:
Roses require fertile and clay loam and loam soils. Soil should be deep having good water
holding capacity with proper drainage. Roses do well in soils having pH up to 6.0 to 7.5 but it
can also grow satisfactorily in alkaline soil with pH up to 8.4.
Area and production: India area: 30-87 m hectares, production :96.09mt {loose flowers}
166.47mt{cut flowers} largest area : Uttar Pradesh {9.71mha} largest production: loose
flowers: Gujarat {37.36mt} cut flowers : Karnataka {50.56mt}
Top 10 rose producing countries: Netherlands USA Sweden Brazil Denmark Switzerland
Australia Malaysia Cambodia India
Important rose importers and exporters: Germany is the highest importer followed by USA,
The Netherlands, France, Switzerland and U.K.
Whereas, the main exporter is the Netherlands followed by Columbia, Ecuador, Kenya, Israel
and Zimbabwe.
Importance and uses: The rose because of its multi-utility occupies a prominent place
amongst the flower crops and is one of the ancient fragrant flowers cultivated by man. Its
different types having beautiful flowers of exquisite shape, different shades, bewitching
colours and most delightful fragrance has made it an important flower for the varied uses
Global Rose Trade

The international rose trade market amounted to USD 8.63 billion in 2019, the number
dropped to 4.58 billion in 2020 - largely due to transport disrupts. The natural characteristics
and growing condition requirements highlight the ultimate sources of roses are in those
located near the earth's equator. This is reflected in a quick snapshot on the global trade
flow as shown in Figure 1. Key exporting countries are Kenya, Ethiopia in Africa; Colombia
and Ecuador in Latin America; with Netherlands as a marketplace for both imports and
exports; import markets are mostly the developed countries that have a taste for flower
consumption.
Value added products of Rose
Perfume
Food and drink
Rose water
Herbal tea
Gulkand
Rose syrup
Rose oil
Rose creams
CHRYSANTHEMUM:
As chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum morifolium) is popularly called the queen of the
east it admires and enthusiasts all over the world. It belongs to the family Asteraceae and
recognized as a potent flower crop in many countries and widely grown in open fields in
India for loose flowers. Chrysanthemum is the National flower of Japan, and it occupies
third rank in the international cut flower trade next to carnation and rose.
Climate: Tropical and subtropical climatic conditions are ideal. However, the best
temperature for growing chrysanthemum is 20-280C for day and 15-200C for night. Since
chrysanthemum is a short-day plant, planting should be done such that flowering coincides
with short day conditions
Soil: Well drained red loamy soil with pH of 6 to 7
The major flower growing states in India are Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh in
the South, West Bengal in the East, Maharashtra in the West and Rajasthan, Delhi and
Haryana in the North. Among the flower crops grown in Karnataka chrysanthemum ranks
third in terms of area and second in terms of production followed by jasmine which ranks
second in terms of area and third in terms of production
Tumkur district is well known for flower production. It is the major flower-growing district in
Karnataka. Tumkur district stands first in area and production of chrysanthemum flower
cultivation. Hence, Tumkur district has been selected for the study purposively (Area,
Production and Productivity of Chrysanthemum flower in Karnataka

MARIGOLD:

Marigold is one of the most important flowering annuals cultivated in India. It has gained
popularity on account of its easy culture and wide adaptability, wide attractive colours,
shape, size and good keeping quality. The cultivated marigold species are mainly two. Those
are: African Marigold – Tagetes erecta and French Marigold – Tagetes patula.
Mari gold is a popular annual flower that could be grown on a commercial scale. Mari gold is
normally cultivated in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nādu, and
Madhya Pradesh
Soil:
Marigold can be successfully cultivated on a wide variety of soils. However, a soil that is
deep fertile, friable having good water holding capacity well drained and near to neutral in
reaction viz. pH 7.0-7.5 is most desirable.

production share

chrysanthemum tube rose marigold jasmin

crossandra aster others

MAJOR DESTINATIONS OF FLOWER EXPORT FROM INDIA AND KARNATAKA

The major import countries of flowers from India viz., USA, Netherland, Germany, UK and
UAE are considered for this analysis. The remaining importing countries like Japan, Italy,
France, Spain, Canada, Denmark, Belgium, South Korea, Indonesia and Thailand were pooled
under „other countries‟ category.
District wise major flower crop area and production.
MARIGOLD

District Area in hectares Production in M tonnes

Chamarajanagara 2182 21822
Kolar 2019 19669
Mysore 1470 10632
Bellary 1378 13232
chikkaballapura 850 8011

CHRYSANTHEMUM

Districts Area in hectares Production in M tonnes

Mandya 1895 23423
Tumkur 954 9181
Chitradurga 840 9307
Gadag 771 7804
kolar 553 7830

ROSE

District Area in hectares Production in M tonnes

Chikkaballapura 1612 8392
Bangalore rural 1216 4174
Bangalore urban 960 4113
Kolar 375 804
Kalaburagi 271 617

TOTAL COMMERCIAL FLOWER CROPS

District Area in hectares Production in M tonnes

Chikkaballapura 3627 23375
Bellary 3029 28000
Kolar 2998 27789
Chitradurga 2544 20284
mandya 2373 25701

State-wise Ranking of Area and Production of Horticultural Crops at All India Level
Area: in 000' Hectares, Production: in 000' M. Tons.

States Area Production

Kerala 53.2 0.08
Tamil Nādu 36.11 486.67
Karnataka 34.21 258.01
Madhya Pradesh 32.64 385.89
West Bengal 28.64 73.58
Andhra Pradesh 26.63 522.27
Uttar Pradesh 22.36 48.44
Gujarat 20.38 195.99
Chhattisgarh 14.06 61.14
Maharashtra 13.44 71.64
Meghalaya 12.41 0.00
Odisha 5.46 30.85
Assam 5.04 33.88
Telangana 4.23 51.70
Rajasthan 3.91 12.88
Haryana 3.48 39.00
Punjab 2.12 13.25
Uttarakhand 1.63 3.05
Jharkhand 1.05 4.63
Bihar 0.86 7.34
Himachal Pradesh 0.63 4.87
Sikkim 0.24 16.50
Others 0.15 0.73
Jammu and Kashmir 0.13 0.18
Mizoram 0.08 0.00
Manipur 0.06 0.00
Nagaland 0.04 0.02
Arunachal Pradesh 0.00 0.00
Tripura 0.00 0.00