Bryman’s Social Research Methods 6e

Chapter 5: Reviewing the literature

 Types of literature review
Narrative review Systematic review
• Focused search • Extensive search (luas)

• Critical interpretation of • Follows a defined set of

relevant literature procedures

• Frames and justifies • Unbiased and

research questions comprehensive account of
the literature

Section 5.2: Narrative reviews

Section 5.3: Systematic reviews

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 Why write a literature review?

Establish what is Develop an Provide a solid

already known argument foundation for the
research

Learn from Learn about different Develop an

researchers’ theoretical or analytical
mistakes methodological framework
approaches
Section 5.2 Narrative reviews

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Getting the most from your reading

Effective note taking (including references)

Reading actively and critically

Section 5.2 Narrative reviews

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 Searching the existing literature
Checklist for literature searches:

 Search online databases e.g. Web of Science

 Speak to a librarian

 Use Boolean operators to refine your search

 Create a list of keywords

 Experiment and amend keywords as the research progresses

 Record the process (so that you can keep track of what you have done)

Section 5.4 Searching the existing literature

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 Evaluating online sources
Check:
The author

• Who is the author of the site? What is their motivation for

publishing it?

The location

• Where is the site located?

Currency

• When was the site last updated?

Section 5.4 Searching the existing literature

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 Searching the
existing
literature

Section 5.4 Searching the existing literature

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 Referencing your work

• Check your university’s guidance for referencing protocols

• In social science research, the Harvard style is often used

• Footnotes and endnotes can also be used

Section 5.5 Referencing your work

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 Avoiding plagiarism

Plagiarism is using someone else’s

words or ideas and claiming that they
are our own

Self-plagiarism is when you copy work

that you have previously written and
pass it off as new

Section 5.6: Avoiding Plagiarism

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 Avoiding plagiarism

Read university guidance

• Read your university guidance on academic misconduct and referencing.

Avoid copy and paste

• Do not ‘lift’ large sections of text from a reading without ensuring that
you have used quotation marks and properly attributed the original
source

Don’t present other people’s work as your own

• Acknowledge all sources (mengakui semua sumber)

Section 5.6: Avoiding Plagiarism

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