TROPICAL

RAINFOREST,
CORAL REEFS
AND
MANGROVE
SWAPS
SCIENCE Q2 WEEK 7
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LEARNING
COMPETENCIES

Discuss the
interactions among
living things and non-
living things in tropical
rainforests, coral reefs
and mangrove swamps

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ECOSYSTEM
 is a geographic area
where plants,
animals, and other
organisms, as well as
weather and
landscape, work
together to form a
bubble of life.
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TROPICAL RAIN FOREST

are woodlands composed mostly of all tall

trees and extensive foliage cover.
 They are regions with yea round warmth
and abundant rainfall and occupy 6 to 7
percent of earth surface.
They produce a large percentage of the
needed oxygen on earth. Rainforests are
also estimated to house more than half of
the world’s plant and animal species, most
of them still undiscovered.
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 LAYERS OF TROPICAL RAINFOREST
FOREST FLOOR
is home to animals like jaguars, tigers
and cassowaries which thrive in a deep
shade part of the forest where plant life
is thin.
 only receives 2% of the sunlight,
making it dark, damp, and hot.
Organisms like fungi, insects, worms
and litter from taller trees that fall on
the forest floor can be found here.
UNDERSTORY
is about 59 feet and below and
consists of trunks of canopy,
shrubs, trees and small plants.
 only receive 5% of the
rainforest’s sunlight, and their
leaves tend to be large. 
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 LAYERS OF TROPICAL RAINFOREST

CANOPY LAYER Emergent

has tall slender trees from a dense the top layer of the rainforest.
platform of vegetation with 60 to It is over 45m (150 ft.) from the
129 feet of the ground. ground, and in some areas, trees
The majority of animals and plants can reach a height of over 70m
live in this layer. The reason for this (230 ft.)
is that 99% of the sunlight falls into It is windy and wet but is the
the rainforest’s canopy layers.  hottest and most hostile.
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CORAL REEFS

• one of the most biologically diverse

ecosystem on earth and are “called the
rainforest of the sea”.
• They are mostly found in shallow tropical
seas.
• are form when coral polyps from their
limestone skeleton by absorbing calcium
from sea water.
• made up of limestones which is secreted
by corals and deposited in a period of
thousands to millions of ALPINE
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IMPORTANCE OF CORAL REEFS

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TYPES OF
CORAL REEFS
Fringing reefs
barrier reefs,
atolls
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 MANGROVE SWAMP
is composed mostly of mangrove plants and
animals like crustaceans and migratory birds.
 they serve as breeding and nesting grounds of
animal species. The mangrove shelter is used
as shelter by fishes as breeding and nursing
grounds before heading to the open ocean.
 It also acts as natural barrier and flood defense
as they defend coast lines from flooding and
erosion. Lastly, mangrove is an important
source of livelihood of people living in coastal
areas
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 FOOD CHAIN

• explains which organism eats another organism in the environment.

The food chain is a linear sequence of organisms where nutrients
and energy is transferred from one organism to the other. This
occurs when one organism consumes another organism. It begins
with the producer organism, follows the chain and ends with the
decomposer organism. After understanding the food chain, we
realise how one organism is dependent upon another organism for
survival.

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TYPES OF
ECOLOGICAL
RELATIONSHIP

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 COMMENSALISM

• an association
between
two organisms in
which one benefits
and the
other derives neith
er benefit nor
harm.
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PREDATION

• In
predation, on
e organism
kills and
consumes
another

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 MUTUALISM

• describes the
ecological
interaction
between two or
more species
where each
species has a
net benefit.
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COMPETITION

•  organisms

compete for
the resources
they need to
survive, grow,
and
reproduce.
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 PARASITISM

• relationship between
two species of plants
 or animals in which
one benefits at the
expense of the other,
sometimes without
killing the host
organism.
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• What causes the destruction of the
rainforest, coral reef and mangrove
swamp?
• What can we do to prevent the
destruction of our ecosystem?
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I: THE TABLE BELOW SHOWS THE DIFFERENT INTERACTIONS IN A
TROPICAL RAINFOREST. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ORGANISM THAT
SHOWS THE KIND OF INTERACTION IN A GIVEN ECOSYSTEM. WRITE
THE LETTER OF THE CORRECT ANSWER IN YOUR SCIENCE JOURNAL.

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WHAT ARE THE WAYS THAT WE CAN DO TO
HELP PROTECTING OUR ECOSYSTEM?

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REDUCING CARBON FOOTPRINT

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Directions: Identify the interaction between the given
pair of organisms in column A and its interaction in
column B. Write it in your notebook .

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