NURTURING

GOOD
RELATIONSHIPS
TOPICS FOR TODAY:

Active and Persuasive Acknowledging

Passive Voice Speaking Sources
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

Active Voice Passive Voice

A verb is in this type of voice While passive voice is when the verb
when the subject performs the describes that the subject is the
action. receiver of the action.
 ACTIVE
• Laura complimented Allan.
Laura (the subject) performs the verb (complimented);
Allan (the object) receives the action.
• Thousands of tourists visit the Grand Canyon every
year.
• The homeowners remodeled the house to help it sell.
• The saltwater corroded the metal beams.
• Kangaroos carry their joeys in their pouches.
 TIPS:
The impact of active voice is that the focus is on the subject of the sentence, which
performs the action, then the object receives the action.
• the subject is the most important part of the sentence
(Aunt Jo gave me a necklace.)
• you want to focus on the action
(My team won the soccer championship.)
• you want to write clearly and concisely
(I finished my homework.)
 PASSIVE
• Allan was complimented by Laura.
Allan (the object) comes first, but Allan isn’t performing the action. Laura isn’t performing
the verb, even though she’s the one giving the compliment.
• The Grand Canyon is visited by thousands of tourists every year.
• The house was remodeled by the homeowners to help it sell.
• The metal beams were corroded by the saltwater.
• Joeys are carried by kangaroos in their pouches
 TIPS:
Passive voice leads to all kinds of structural confusion for the reader. Still, there are times when passive voice is
acceptable — and even preferable. Readers and editors are okay with moving or eliminating the subject in the
passive voice when:
• the writer wants to focus more on the object
(George was honored by the mayor.)
• the subject isn’t important or it’s obvious
(The lawn is watered every week.)
• the subject is unknown
(My car was stolen.)
• in scientific or academic writing
(Our survey was completed by seventy participants.)
RULES IN CHANGING
ACTIVE TO PASSIVE
FOR SIMPLE AND
PERFECT TENSES
Simple Present, Simple Past, Simple Future,
Present Perfect, Past Perfect, and Future
Perfect
 EXAMPLES
Simple Present
Active: base form or -s or -es form Passive: am/is/are + past participle

Example: Example:
The quality of our relationship with others Our character is determined by the quality
determines our character. of our relationship with others.
 EXAMPLES
Simple Past
Active: past form Passive: was/were + past or past participle

Example: Example:
The people commended the city mayor for The city mayor was commended by the
building an altruistic community. people for building an altruistic community.
 EXAMPLES
Simple Future
Active: will + base form of the verb Passive: will + be + past or past participle

Example: Example:
You will earn respect if you intently listen to Respect will be earned if you intently listen
and understand others. to and understand others.
 EXAMPLES
Present Perfect
Active: has/have + past participle Passive: has/have + been + past participle

Example: Example:
The team leader has expressed his trust to His trust to his teammates has been
his teammates by making clear that expressed by the team leader by making
individuality is highly regarded. clear that individuality is highly regarded.
 EXAMPLES
Past Perfect
Active: had + past participle Passive: had + been + past participle

Example: Example:
She received praises from the judges after She received praises from the judges after
she had patched up the conflict among the the conflict among the participants had been
participants. patched up.
 EXAMPLES
Future Perfect
Active: will + have + past participle Passive: will + have + been + past participle

Example: Example:
James will have confessed the truth before The truth will have been confessed by
the news is published. James before the news is published.
 PERSUASIVE
SPEECH
Persuasive speech is an informative speech in which the speaker
convinces the audience to accept his or her point of view about a certain
issue.
 ETHOS,
LOGOS, AND
PATHOS
• Ethos refers to the credibility of the speaker.
• Logos refers to the use of logic and reason
in persuasive speech.
• Pathos in persuasive speech refers to the use
of emotion in carrying the logic of the
arguments to the audience.
 PARTS OF A
PERSUASIVE
SPEECH
 Introduction
• typically consists of the hook, background information, and main argument.

An effective hook or attention You have to define a clear The main argument is the stand of
grabber is an opening statement that background of the topic and your the speaker about a topic or issue
should strongly capture the interest personal background as the that people may agree or disagree
of the audience. speaker. with.
 Body

Each paragraph should You also have Supporting

discuss one Topic Evidence to support your Then, you have the
Sentence. topic. Analysis of facts.
 Conclusion
A brief summary of the
argument; a summary can be
done by restating the main
argument
Reminding the audience of the
significance of what has been
discussed can be done by
encouraging them to take action or
giving advice.
ACKNOWLEDGIN
G SOURCES
This is to give proper credit to someone's work
and to avoid plagiarism.
ACKNOWLEDGIN
G SOURCES
• An in-text citation includes information about the sources used
within the body of the academic text. These sources should also be
indicated at the end of an essay or a paper as bibliographic entries.
• A bibliography is an alphabetical list of sources cited in your
speech or academic essay. The Modern Language Association
(MLA) and American Psychological Association (APA) are two of
the most often used citation styles.
 MLA FORMAT
(BIBLIOGRAPHY)
 MLA FORMAT
(IN-TEXT CITATIONS)
 APA FORMAT
(BIBLIOGRAPHY)
 APA FORMAT
(IN-TEXT CITATIONS)
CONCLUSION
• Persuasion is a type of informative speech that uses logic and reason to
change people's initial beliefs, views, and perceptions to take or adopt
your stand as the speaker or writer.
• Citing sources in your academic writing or speech provides readers a
way to validate the information. This gives you and your paper or
speech credibility.
• Choosing between active voice and passive voice has to do with the
writer’s intent and the message your sentence structure can convey.
 THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING!
Thank you for your time and for paying attention to my
discussion.