AI in

Agriculture
Bedre M Samarth

4VV19CS189
Agenda
Introduction

Challenges faced using Traditional Methods

AI in Agriculture

Benefits of Using AI in Agriculture

Challenges Faced

Conclusion

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Introduction
• Artificial Intelligence is the process of
making machines do stuff, which, at
the moment, humans do better.

• Agriculture is one of the oldest and

most important professions in the
world, accounting for $5 trillion
annually.

• The global population is expected to

reach 9 billion by 2050

• Which will require an increase in the

production by 70% to fulfill demands.

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Lifecycle of Farming

AI in Agriculture 02/05/2023 4
 Challenges faced using
Traditional Methods

• Climatic factors such as rainfall, temperature and humidity play

and important role. Increase in climatic changes makes it difficult
for the farmers to take decision

• Every crop requires the right amount of NPK(Nitrogen,

Phosphorous and Potassium) in the soil. Their deficiency can lead
to poor quality of crops

• Weeds, if not controlled, can lead to increase in the production

cost and absorb the nutrients meant for the crops, leading in
nutrition deficiency in the soil.

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AI in Agriculture

• AI in agriculture, also known as Precision Agriculture, is the application of AI solutions in the agricultural
industry

• The technology is used to improve the efficiency in Harvesting, Health Monitoring, Weed and Pest control,
detection of Nutrient Deficiency in soil, etc.

• The AI in Agriculture market is projected to grow from $1 billion in 2020 to $4billion in 2026

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Benefits of
using AI in
Agriculture
 • Automatic Weeding

• Automatic Harvesting

• Plant disease detection

• Improved soil health monitor

• Efficient irrigation of farmland

• Applications of pesticides and herbicides

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Automatic Weeding
• Weeds steal sunlight, nutrients, and make it easier for pests to harm the crops

• One prominent AI solution to this is the use of Robots that uses lasers.

HERE’S HOW A ROBOT REMOVES THE WEEDS

• Robot drives through the crop fields

• Cameras underneath show the crops and weeds

• AI software identifies the weeds and gives command to remove them

• High-energy lasers eradicate weeds using thermal energy, without disrupting the soil

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CAMERA PERSPECTIVE

THE DEVICE

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 Automatic Harvesting
• Harvesting is the process of extracting a ripe crop from the field
• Manual harvesting is a tedious, ineffective and costly process that makes farmers lose money
• An AI solution to this would be the use of Automatic Harvesting Robot
AN AUTOMATIC ROBOT HAS
• Camera
• AI Software
• Mechanical Arms

• The software uses the camera to recognize the crop

• And it instructs the arms to pic it up
• It is reported to be more than 90% efficient than humans.

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 PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS

• The beating heart of this innovation is predictive

analytics
• It’s a set of AI and ML algorithms that uses historical
data to predict future events
• AI engineers train the algorithm to detect
objects(fruits and vegetables) so it works
autonomously.

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Plant disease detection

• Between 20%-40% of global food production is lost due to plant diseases

• One way to counter this problem is to use AI to detect the plant diseases and pests

AI SOLUTION
• Take the photo of a plant

• Application will run through the image recognition software

• Software generates the disease information, treatment recommendations and identifies pest plants.

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 MACHINE LEARNING ANALYSIS

• AI-powered image recognition software compares the input

photos against its database of images of sick plants to generate
results

• The ML algorithm looks for characteristic patterns of plant

diseases (spots, discoloration etc.) to identify the problem.

• The disease-detecting AI software can be installed on cameras

inside greenhouses, on drones and other equipment.

• This way, the farmers can recognize the crop illness faster and
react with preventive measures

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Improved Soil health monitoring
• Ability to detect soil disease is extremely important to prevent yield loss.
• Most farmers depend on traditional methods, but the results aren’t enough to prevent diseases.
SOIL ANALYSIS WITH AI
• Soil sample is taken to identify all present microbes and content
• ML algorithms compare the data from the sample against huge database of soil health.
• Results indicate the moisture level, nutritional deficiencies, pH level, microbes present, and other
factors
• Specialists process the results and define the risks of specific diseases as well as give treatment
recommendations based on the soil contents and microbes

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• Unlike traditional methods , this AI innovation offers more comprehensive and accurate soil
biology and chemistry analysis.
• That’s why farmers who use ML for soil analysis get more useful information about
pathogens, which helps them inform strategies instead of guessing what’s in the soil

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Effi cient irrigation of
Farmland

• Agriculture irrigation accounts for 70% of water use across the world

• Famers are looking to eliminate inefficiencies and achieve optimal use of the resource

AI AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM
• AI software is integrated with the drones

• Drones are flown on a weekly basis over the fields

• Cameras onboard drones take aerial images of the fields

• AI software analyses the footage and reveals irrigation system problems and areas that might need more water
or fertilizer

• Farmers access this on their smartphones and make decisions to prevent the problems

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• Using this AI solution, farmers can use less water and,
consequently, lesser chemicals to keep the fields healthy

• In the longer run, they can grow higher yields, save money, and
improve the quality of the products

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Application of Pesticides and Herbicides

• AI and ML in agriculture can define when plans are injured or sick.

• This can be used to determine where to spray the pesticides and herbicides

BENEFITS OF AI ANALYSIS
• Identify pest attacks and plant health problems
• Save the excess use of pesticides and herbicides
• Improves the soil fertility maintenance

• Besides the health monitoring, autonomous drones can spray pesticides and herbicides in
carefully assigned field areas.
• These drones are effective to simplify field management, reduce human effort, and improve
yields.

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AI in Agriculture 02/05/2023 20
Challenges
• Lack of familiarity with AI machines .

• Lack of experience with emerging technologies.

• Privacy and security issues

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Conclusion
• AI for agriculture addresses the three
most critical issues of farming
• Overuse of chemicals

• Tedious manual labor.

• Process efficiency

• AI is not only helping farmers to

automate their farming but also shift
to precise cultivation for higher crop
yield and better quality while using
fewer resources.

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References
• Tanha Talaviya, Dhara Shah, Nivedita Patel, Hiteshri Yagnik, Manan Shah,“Implementation of
artificial intelligence in agriculture for optimisation of irrigation and application of pesticides
and herbicides”,Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture,Volume 4,2020,

• AI in Agriculture: Examples, Benefits, Challenges [Latest Data],

AI in Agriculture: Examples, Benefits, Challenges [Latest Data] - IDAP Blog (idapgroup.com)

• S. Singhal, L. Ahuja and N. Pathak, "Impact of Artificial Intelligence and IOT in

Agriculture," 2021 3rd International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication
Control and Networking (ICAC3N), Greater Noida, India, 2021,

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 If Agriculture goes
wrong, nothing else will
have a chance to go
right.

M.S Swaminathan

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Thank You
Presented under the guidance of

Mrs. Usha C S

Assistant Professor

Department of Computer Science

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