Facilitator: Sir Hassam Gul

Course: Public Policy

Topic NAME: SOCIALISM

Presented by:
• Azam Khan (BB - 6275)
• Muhammad Khalid (BB - 6193)
• Neha (BB - 7226)
• Saliha Sheikh (BB - 6832)
 Content

• What is Socialism
• Definition of Socialism
• Concept of Socialism
• History of Socialism
• Conclusion
• Comparison between Pakistan socialism and Other Country Socialism
 Definition:

• In a socialist system, the state or the community

plays a central role in planning and directing
economic activity.
• This can involve nationalizing industries and
services, such as healthcare, education, and
transportation, and using the profits from these
industries to fund public services and programs.
Definition:

The concept of socialism in Pakistan is closely associated with the Pakistan

Peoples Party (PPP), which was founded in 1967 by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Bhutto's
vision of socialism in Pakistan was based on the principles of social justice,
equality, and redistribution of wealth. He believed that the state had a
responsibility to provide basic needs such as food, shelter, education, and
healthcare to all its citizens, and to ensure that the benefits of economic growth
were shared equitably among all sections of society.

After Bhutto's government was overthrown in a military coup in 1977, socialism

in Pakistan went into decline, and subsequent governments pursued more
market-oriented policies. However, the PPP continued to promote socialist
ideals, and it remains one of the major political parties in the country today.
 Concept of Socialism
• The concept of socialism in Pakistan is based on the principles of social
justice, equality, and redistribution of wealth. The idea of socialism in
Pakistan emerged in the early years of the country's independence, and it
was closely associated with the founding father of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali
Jinnah, who saw socialism as a way of ensuring that the benefits of
independence were shared equally among all citizens.
• Despite the decline in the implementation of socialist policies in Pakistan in
recent decades, the concept of socialism remains important to many
Pakistanis, particularly those on the political left. The ideals of social
justice, equality, and redistribution of wealth continue to be major themes
in political discourse, and there are still some socialist groups and parties in
the country that advocate for more radical socialist policies
 History of Socialism

• Socialism has been a significant political ideology in Pakistan since the

country's inception in 1947. The idea of socialism in Pakistan was closely
who founded the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in 1967. Bhutto's vision of
socialism in Pakistan was based on the principles of social justice,
equality, and redistribution of wealth.

• However, Bhutto's socialist policies were criticized for being inefficient

and corrupt, and they led to a decline in the country's economic growth.
In 1977
• Under General Zia-ul-Haq's regime, socialist ideals were
suppressed, and the government pursued more market-oriented
policies. However, the PPP continued to promote socialist ideals,
and it remained one of the major political parties in the country.
After General Zia's death in 1988, the PPP returned to power, and
its government implemented some socialist policies, such as land
reform and poverty reduction programs.
 Conclusion
• In Pakistan, the late Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and socialism are identified with
each other. The impact on the people was positive as the country largely
accepted the PPP’s nationalisation and reform programmes. That the late
Bhutto’s daughter Benazir Bhutto was voted to power in 1988 in the post-
Zia period, only proves the point. However, since the early 1980s, socialism
as an ideology started to fade away internationally. Pakistan also subscribed
to this political trend and Benazir Bhutto as Prime Minister initiated the
process of privatisation of public sector enterprises in the country.
Subsequently, Nawaz Sharif as Prime Minister continued the process.
Eventually, President Pervez Musharaff inherited this political economy
which had Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s ideological stamp of Islamic socialism.
 Comparison between Pakistan socialism and Other Country
Socialism

• Overall, the implementation of socialism in Pakistan

differs from other countries in terms of the role of
religion, the degree of state intervention in the economy,
and the country's geopolitical context