Darcy’s law

Darcy equation:

Where K is a constant of proportionality termed

hydraulic conductivity. The term is known as
hydraulic gradient.
Therefore, the term representing the volumetric
flow per unit cross sectional area of the cylinder,
Darcy velocity (q) or specific discharge.
 Darcy’s Law
If hydraulic gradient is denoted as i, then

i=
And Darcy’s equation is written as q
Or Q
 Darcy’s Law
Built into Darcy velocity is an assumption that
flow occurs over the entire surface area of the
soil column. Because water only flows in the
pore space, the actual flow velocity or pore
velocity is greater than the Darcy velocity. The
pore velocity (v), also termed the linear velocity,
is defined as the volumetric flow per unit
interconnected pore space.
 Darcy’s Law
v
Where e is the effective porosity. The pore
velocity is the true velocity of water flows in a
porous medium , where as the Darcy velocity or
specific discharge is the apparent velocity.
 Example
Groundwater flows through a buried valley aquifer
with a cross sectional area of 9.3 x 104 m2 and a length
of 6000m. Hydraulic heads at the groundwater entry
and exit points in the aquifer are 305 m and 292 m
respectively. At the downstream end of the aquifer,
groundwater discharges into a stream at a rate of
2831 m3/day. What is the hydraulic conductivity of the
buried valley aquifer. If the effective porosity of the
material is 0.3, what is the linear groundwater
velocity?