The document discusses Darcy's law for determining hydraulic conductivity and average interstitial velocity in porous media. It also lists four methods for determining hydraulic conductivity: 1) laboratory methods including constant head and falling head tests, 2) tracer tests, 3) auger hole tests, and 4) pumping tests of wells. The constant head test measures hydraulic conductivity of consolidated or unconsolidated formations under low heads by collecting overflow after water passes upward through a material sample. The falling head test measures the rate of water level fall in a tall tube to determine hydraulic conductivity.
The document discusses Darcy's law for determining hydraulic conductivity and average interstitial velocity in porous media. It also lists four methods for determining hydraulic conductivity: 1) laboratory methods including constant head and falling head tests, 2) tracer tests, 3) auger hole tests, and 4) pumping tests of wells. The constant head test measures hydraulic conductivity of consolidated or unconsolidated formations under low heads by collecting overflow after water passes upward through a material sample. The falling head test measures the rate of water level fall in a tall tube to determine hydraulic conductivity.
The document discusses Darcy's law for determining hydraulic conductivity and average interstitial velocity in porous media. It also lists four methods for determining hydraulic conductivity: 1) laboratory methods including constant head and falling head tests, 2) tracer tests, 3) auger hole tests, and 4) pumping tests of wells. The constant head test measures hydraulic conductivity of consolidated or unconsolidated formations under low heads by collecting overflow after water passes upward through a material sample. The falling head test measures the rate of water level fall in a tall tube to determine hydraulic conductivity.
Here, v is called Darcy velocity or specific discharge. K is hydraulic conductivity(m/day).
Negative sign indicates the flow of water is in the direction of decreasing head. This velocity here assumes that flow occurs through the entire cross section of the material without regard to solids and pores. But, the flow is limited only to the pore space. Then, average interstitial velocity, Where, α is effective porosity. Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity 1.Laboratory Methods
2.Tracer test
3.Auger hole
4.Pumping test of wells
Laboratory Methods: a. Constant Head b. Falling Head Constant Head: It can measure HC of consolidated or unconsolidated formations under low heads. Water enters the medium cylinder from the bottom and is collected as overflow after passing upward through the material. By Darcy’s law, Falling Head: Water is added to the tall tube, it flows upward through the cylindrical sample and is collected as overflow. Test consists of measuring rate of fall of water level in the tube. Hydraulic conductivity can be obtained by noting that the flow rate Q in the tube must be equal to the flow rate through the sample.