PED103

FACILITATING LEARNER
CENTERED TEACHING
EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
“CONNECTIONISM”
PRESENTED BY : AL-KHALID D. SAMBANI
 LAWS OF LEARNING

• LEARNING
• Edward L. Thorndike (1974-194)
• INTRODUCTION
• Based on his experiments on animal learning, Edward L. Thorndike September18, 2013he laws of learning.
• Thorndike's laws are also called S-R learning.
• Laws (principles) of learning are:
• Readiness
• Exercise
• Effect
• Primacy
• Intensity
• Recency
• Freedom
• PRIMARY LAWS
• Three primary laws of learning are:
• Law of effect
• Law of exercise
• Law of readiness
 PRIMARY LAWS

• LAW OF READINESS
• This principle states that motivation is needed to develop an association or display
changed behavior.
•  Individuals learn best when they are physically, mentally, and emotionally ready to
learn, and they do not learn well if they see no reason for learning
 PRIMARY LAWS

• THE LAW OF EXERCISE

• This principle states that the S-R connection is strengthened by use and weakened
with disuse.
• It has two parts: law of use and law of disuse.
• Things most often repeated are best remembered.
• Students do not learn complex tasks in a single session.
• The instructor must repeat important items of subject matter at reasonable intervals.
 PRIMARY LAWS

• LAW OF EFFECT.
• learning is strengthened when accompanied by a pleasant or satisfying feeling.
• learning is weakened when associated with an unpleasant feeling.
• learning takes places properly when it results in satisfaction and the learner derives pleasure out of it.
• The class room experiences should be satisfactory and pleasant. The teacher must enjoy his teaching work.
• Learning experiences and other activities must be meaningful and understandable in terms of the personal
life of the learners.
• School activities should be organized in increasing difficulty order so that the students may progress
without any failure..
ADDITIONAL LAWS (PRINCIPLES)

• LAW OF PRIMACY
• Things learned first create a strong impression.
• What is taught must be right the first time.
• “Unteaching” wrong first impressions is harder than teaching them right the first
time.
•  What the student learns must be procedurally correct and applied the very first
time.
ADDITIONAL LAWS (PRINCIPLES)

• LAW OF INTENSITY
• the more intense the material taught, the more likely it will be retained.
• a student will learn more from the real thing than from a substitute. 
• In the class room, demonstrations, skits, and role playing increase the learning
experience of students.
ADDITIONAL LAWS (PRINCIPLES)

• LAW OF RECENCY
• things most recently learned are best remembered.
• frequent review and summarization help fix in the mind the material covered.
• this principle often determines the sequence of lectures within a course of
instruction.
ADDITIONAL LAWS (PRINCIPLES)

• LAW (PRINCIPLE) OF FREEDOM

•  things freely learned are best learned.
• the greater the freedom enjoyed by the students in the class, the greater the
intellectual and moral advancement enjoyed by them.
ADDITIONAL LAWS (PRINCIPLES)

LAW(PRINCIPLE) OF REQUIREMENT
• states that "we must have something to obtain or do something." It can be an
ability, skill, instrument or anything that may help us to learn or gain something. A
starting point or root is needed.
• CONCLUSION
• Knowledge of these laws helps the teacher for better understanding of learning
behaviours of the students.
•THANK YOU!!