Language Education

Policies in Southeast Asia

By;Group 9
 Indonesia
• Indonesia is the largest
archipelago in the world.
• Indonesia is one of the most
linguistically diverse
countries in the world.
• There are over 800
languages spoken in
Indonesia according to the
2010 census.
• Indonesia has over 600
ethnic groups.
Official Language and Language of
Instructions of Indonesia

• The constitution of 1945 stimulates Indonesian (Bahasa

Indonesia) as the Official Language.
• Indonesian is also the Language of Instruction and Language of
literacy in all levels of education.
Language Policy Implementation

• Indonesia has successfully implemented

language policy by choosing Malay
language as its national language which
enables to unite ethnics from a variety
of vernaculars’ background.
Advancing Multilingual Education

• The languages known in the community and their

links to various aspects of community and national
life give account to the multilingual education. In
the process of education, though there is an official
language of instruction, there is possibility that
students incorporate the use of other languages
that they are familiar with.
Disadvancing Multilingual Education

• Limited resources
• Linguistic fragmentation
• Limited proficiency in Indonesian
• Limited employment opportunities
• Inequality
Preservation and Protection of the Non-
Dominant Local Languages or Mother-Tongue
•The Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 24 of 2009 on the
National Flag, Language, Emblem, and Anthem (Undang-
Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2009 tentang
Bendera, Bahasa, Lambang Negara, dan Lagu Kebangsaan)
mandates the promotion and preservation of local languages as
part of Indonesia's cultural diversity.
•The law requires the government to ensure the use and
development of local languages in education, administration,
and public services. It also recognizes the right of individuals
to use their mother tongue in any communication with
authorities
Several challenges that Indonesia faces in terms of preserving
and protecting local non-dominant languages, including:

•Limited resources
•Lack of political will
•Social attitudes
•Limited access to education
•Dominance of Indonesian
Effects of Multilingualism to National Identify
and Unity
• Fragmentation of national identity
•Limited language proficiency
• Limited resources
•Lingual imperialism
•Political and social tensions
•Overall, the challenges faced by Indonesia in terms of the effects of
multilingualism on national identity and unity are complex and
multifaceted. While linguistic diversity is an important aspect of
Indonesia's cultural heritage, it is important to promote a shared
national identity that is inclusive and respectful of the country's
diverse linguistic and cultural traditions.
Terima kasih untuk
mendengarkan
(Thank you for
Listening)