PATROL

STRATEGY
PSSg Joseph Ian E Alcala, MSCJE
Police Community Relation
Kabankalan City Police Station
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Proactive and Reactive Patrol

Proactive Patrol

The deployment of field personnel in their respective

AOR with prescribe objectives and verifiable tasks
schedule for the day to augment the calls and other on-
sight activities that make up the officer's day.
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Reactive Patrol

a patrol activity, which consist of driving

around the district waiting for something to
happen.
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Crime Prevention
an anticipation, recognition and appraisal of crime risk
and the initiation of positive action to remove or
reduce risk. Its objective aimed towards ways and
means to reduce the desire of human being to commit
crime.
Crime Suppression – Is a modern approach in crime control, which deals
with apprehension, investigation, trial correction and punishment of the
criminal.

Crime Repression – Is the act of preventing the actual commission of

crimes.
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The Anatomy of Crime

For any crime to happen, there are three elements
or ingredients that must be present at the same time
and place; the Motive, Instrumentalities and
Opportunity.
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Motive

refers to the reason or cause why a person group

of person will perpetrate a crime, such as dispute
economic gain, jealousy, revenge, insanity, thrill,
intoxication, drug addiction etc.
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Instrumentality

is the means or implement used in the

commission of the crime, such as firearm,
bolo, knife, icepick, crowbar, picklocks etc.
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Opportunity
consist of the acts or omission and/or commission by the person
(victim) which enables another person or group of persons (the criminals)
to perpetrate the crime, such as leaving one's home on car unattended for
a long time, walking all alone in a well-known crime prone alley, wearing
expensive jewelry in slum area, readily admitting a stranger into one's
residence and the like.
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Police Visibility
Police visibility is not just the presence or actual presence
of the policeman on the beat. Police visibility involves three
things:

• Physical Presence;
• Patrolling Scheme; and
• Response Time, which must be proper,
adequate and timely (ideal is 5 minutes).
 High and Low Visibility
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Patrol
The general tendency in crime prevention strategy is
High Police Visibility to ensure citizens feelings of security
for the law abiding but the reaction of fear for the would-be
violators.
 
Low visibility patrol programs have been designed to
increase police activities of arrest of criminals or are in the
act of committing selected type of crimes.
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High Visibility Patrol

The theory underlying the high visibility patrol
concept is that increasing the "aura of police
omnipresence" in the community can reduce
certain types of crimes.
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Low Visibility Patrol

is a strategy wherein the members of the police

force in plainclothes patrol areas on foot or in
unmarked automobiles where street crimes become
high risk.
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Stop and Frisk (Spot Check/Accosting and Pat Down Search)

• To further imprint in the mind of criminals the feeling of

fear of arrest is the application of the strategy of "stop
and frisk" both by the foot patrol and mobile crew.
• When patrol officers are observed stopping persons on
the street whose behavior is suspicious, detaining them
briefly by questioning, and frisking them for concealed
weapons, the actions of the police heightens the effect of
high visibility patrol.
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Street Interview/Interrogation

The street interview or interrogation aspect is part

of the stop and frisk method. In some police
department it is also known as field interview
technique.
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Procedures and Guidelines for Spot Checks

• When approaching the individual, the police officer shall clearly

identify himself as a police officer. If not in uniform, by announcing
his identity and displaying official identification card and/or badge.

• Police officers shall be courteous at all times but maintain caution

and vigilance for suspicious movements like tending to retrieve
weapon, conceal or discard contraband, or other similar actions

• Before approaching more than one individual, police officers

should determine whether the circumstances warrant a request
for back-up
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Grounds for Body Frisk/Pat-Down Search

A police officer has the right to perform a pat-down search if the

individual has been legitimately stopped with reasonable suspicion
and when the police officer has reason to believe that the individual
possesses weapon/s on his person and poses a threat to the police
officer’s or another person’s safety. Circumstances which may justify
pat-down search:
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Procedures for Pat-Down Search

• Whenever possible, pat-down searches should be conducted by at
least two (2) police officers, one to perform the search while the
other provides protective cover.
• they should be performed with the suspect in a standing position, or
with hands placed against a stationary object, and feet spread apart.

• officers are permitted only to feel the outer clothing of the suspect.
Police officers may not place their hands inside the pockets of the
subject’s clothing unless they feel an object that could probably be
a weapon, such as a gun, knife, club, or the likes.
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Procedures for Pat-Down Search

• If the suspect is carrying an object such as handbag, suitcase,
briefcase, sack, or other similar items that may conceal a weapon,
the police officer should not open the item but instead put it in a
place out of the suspect’s reach.

• If the external patting of the suspect’s clothing fails to disclose

evidence of a weapon, no further search may be made. If a weapon is
found and the possession of which amounts to a violation of the law,
the police officer shall arrest the suspect and conduct a complete
search.
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Reporting after the Spot Check/Accosting or Pat-Down Search

• If after conducting a spot check/accosting or pat-down search,

the police officer has no basis for making an arrest, he should
record the facts of such spot check/accosting or pat-down search
and forward a report to the appropriate authority.

• If the spot check/accosting or pat-down search gives a

justification for a valid warrantless arrest, then an arrest shall be
made.
 Questions?

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