INTRODUCTION TO POLICE

ORGANIZATION
AND ADMINISTRATION
BASIC CONCEPTS
 ORGANIZATION
 This refers to an association or group of individuals
with a common goal and functions into a productive
relationship. It is also defined as the consciously
coordinated social entity, with a relatively
identifiable boundary, that functions on a relatively
continuous basis to achieve goal or sets of goals and
objectives.
 ADMINISTRATION
 It is the act of managing and organizing all levels of
an organization which includes the establishment of
the organization’s goals and objectives.
 POLICE
ADMINISTRATION
 Refers to the cooperative human efforts to achieve
the purposes of Criminal Justice System. It is also
refers to the study of processes and conditions of
law enforcement as the pillar of the Criminal Justice
System.
POLICE ORGANIZATION
 A group of trained personnel in the field of public
safety administration engaged in the achievement
of goals and objectives that promotes the
maintenance of peace and order, protection of life
and property, enforcement of the laws and the
prevention of crimes.
 PUBLIC SAFETY
 Is a generic term, which covers the end-result of law
enforcement, crime prevention and control,
maintenance of peace and order, fire safety
protection and jail management and penology.
 Includes all the many elements that enable
residents of a community to enjoy its street,
sidewalks, parks, and other public places as well as
sense of security in their homes, schools, and
workplace.
 POLICE
 Body of civil officers, especially in a city, organized
under authority to maintain order and enforced the
law.
 The whole system of internal regulations of the
state or the local government of a city or town;
maintain and enforce law and order, prevents,
detects or deals with crime.
 The agency of the community or government that is
responsible for enforcing the law, maintaining
public order, and preventing and detecting crime.
 ORIGIN OF THE WORD
“POLICE”
 The word “POLICE” originated from the Greek word
“POLITEIA” meaning government of a city. It applied
to the civil officers and not necessarily policeman.
 The Roman changed the word slightly to “POLITIA”
meaning a condition of a state, government or
administration.
 The French changed the word to “POLICE” and
applied it to person who actually enforces the law.
Thereafter, the English and Americans borrowed the
word intact from the French and used it to describe
a LAW ENFORCER.
 DISTINCTION BETWEEN
MILITARY FROM POLICE
 Military is a mission- oriented while the police is
service-oriented
 A soldier is duty bound upon the order of his
superior and think of accomplishing the mission;
while the policeman considers the community and
populace.
 The military is operated by team or unit, while the
police doctrines is executed even with only one
policeman as patrolman, investigator or prosecution
witness.
 DOCTRINE
 which is taught or set for acceptance or that which
is held to be true by any person, sect, school,
especially in religion, or tenet or body of tenets.
 A rule or principle of law, especially when
established by precedent.
 PNP DOCTRINE
 An authoritative statement of principles prescribing
proper acquisition, used and employment of PNP
human and material resource to achieve plan and
objectives.
 This is largely based on knowledge gained through
time honored police experiences, studies, analysis
and tests.
CATEGORIES OF DOCTRINE
 CATEGORIES OF
DOCTRINE
PRIMARY CATEGORIES
 Fundamental Doctrines - are the basic principles in
planning, organization and management of the PNP
in support of the overall pursuits of the PNP vision,
mission, and strategic action and for the attainment
of the national objectives.
 CATEGORIES OF
DOCTRINE
PRIMARY CATEGORIES
 Operational Doctrines - the principles and rules
governing the principle and rules governing the
planning, organization, direction and employment
PNP forces in the accomplishment of basic security
operational mission in the maintenance of peace
and order, crime prevention and suppression,
internal security and public safety operation.
 CATEGORIES OF
DOCTRINE
PRIMARY CATEGORIES
 Functional Doctrines - are the principle and
guidance for the specialized activities of the police
in the fields of personnel, intelligence, training,
logistics, planning, comptrollership, civil military
operations, material development and other
administrative and technical services.
 CATEGORIES OF
DOCTRINE
SECONDARY CATEGORY
 Complimentary Doctrines - are doctrines
formulated jointly by two or more and peace and
order.
 This essentially involves the participation of the
PNP, BJMP, BFP, PPSC, NBI and other enforcement
agencies objectives.
SAMPLE DOCTRINE
SAMPLES OF DOCTRINE
 Doctrine of Command Responsibility - a superior
may be held criminally responsible for a crime
committed by his subordinates if it is proven that
despite his awareness of the crimes of
subordinates, he fails to fulfil his duties to prevent
and punish these crimes.
SAMPLES OF DOCTRINE
 Doctrine of Maximum Tolerance - means the
highest degree of restraint that the military, police
and other peace keeping authorities shall observe
during a public assembly or in the dispersal of the
same.
 Doctrine of Public Accountability – Public office is a
public trust. Public officers and employees must, at
all times, be accountable to the people, serve them
with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty and
efficiency.
SAMPLES OF DOCTRINE
 Doctrine of Transparency – requires that the
decisions and actions of those in government are
open to public scrutiny and the public has a right to
access government information.
 Doctrine of Poisonous Tree – prevents the
prosecution from admitting certain evidence into a
criminal case after it has been tainted by a primary
illegality. This doctrine is meant to remove illegally-
acquired evidence from negatively impacting a
criminal defendant.
 PRINCIPLES OF LAW
ENFORCEMENT BY SIR
ROBERT PEEL
 PRINCIPLES OF LAW
ENFORCEMENT
 The concept of professional policing was taken up
by Robert Peel when he became Home Secretary in
1822.
 Peel's Metropolitan Police Act 1829 established a
full-time, professional and centrally-organized
police force for the Greater London area, known as
the Metropolitan Police.
 PRINCIPLES OF LAW
ENFORCEMENT
 The Peelian principles describe the philosophy that
Sir Robert Peel developed to define an ethical police
force. The principles traditionally ascribed to Peel
state that:
 Whether the police are effective is not measured on
the number of arrests, but on the lack of crime.
 PRINCIPLES OF LAW
ENFORCEMENT
 Above all else, an effective authority figure knows
trust and accountability are paramount. Hence,
Peel's most often quoted principle that "The police
are the public and the public are the police."
 The Metropolitan Police officers were often referred
to as ´Bobbies´ after Sir Robert (Bobby) Peel, and
are regarded as the first modern police force.
 SIR ROBERT PEEL
 In 1829, Sir Robert Peel
established the London
Metropolitan Police Force.
 He became known as the
“Father of Modern Policing”
 AUGUST VOLLMER
 Known as the “Father of
American police
professionalism”
 Some of his contribution are
establishing a departmental
crime laboratory, hiring
college-educated officers
and the use of polygraphs.
NINE (9) PRINCIPLES OF
LAW ENFORCEMENT BY
SIR ROBERT
 1. “Prevention PEEL
of Crime is the basic mission of the
police”.
 2. “Police must have the full respect of the
citizenry”.
 3. “A citizen’s respect for law develops his respect
for the police”.
 4. “Cooperation for the public decrease as the use
of force increases”.
NINE (9) PRINCIPLES OF
LAW ENFORCEMENT BY
SIRmust
 5. “Police ROBERT
render impartial PEEL
enforcement of the
law”
 6. “Physical force is used only as a last resort”
 7. “The police are the public and the public are the
police”
 8. “The police represents the law”
 9. The absence of crime and disorder is the test of police
efficiency”
 CIVILIANIZATION
 To assign to civilians or place under civilian direction
or control.
 To make less military in form or character.
 LEGAL MANDATE
 Sec. VI. Art XVI of the Philippine Constitution- the
state shall establish a single police force, which is
national in scope and civilian character.
 Military transcends external boundary to protect
the national security and territorial integrity of the
state while the police evolve within the internal
limits in protection of the internal security and
national sovereignty.
 The military deals on rigid reaction, while police
deal on pro-action.
 LEGAL MANDATE
 Military is combatant and pursues the doctrine of
attack, search and using the principle of find, fix and
finish; while the police follow the doctrine of law
enforcement such as public safety, crime prevention
and peace and order using the principles of life and
property preservation.
 Military deals with the use of firearm and armaments
as the principal weapon; while the police deal with the
knowledge of law as the principal weapon where the
use of firearm is possible only as the last resource
(Rules of Engagement).
END OF PRESENTATION