Lecture-4

Digital Electronics
(ITIT1201)

Dr. Nalin Kumar Sharma

Deptt. of Electronics and Electrical Engineering
Objectives of this Lecture
• Number system conversion.
• Basic binary arithmetic

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Number System
Name Base or Radix Different digits ( 0 to r-1)
(r)
Binary 2
Octal 8
Decimal 10
Hexadecimal 16

3
Positional Number System

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Positional Number System: Binary

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Positional Number System: Octal

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Positional Number System: Hexadecimal

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Positional Number System: General Formula
Any number system with radix x, having m digits to left and n digits in
right of decimal point can be expressed as:

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Conversion: Decimal to any other number

(37.6875 )10 =()𝑥

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Decimal to Binary

(37.6875 )10 =()2

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Decimal to Octal

(128.25 )10 =( )8

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Decimal to Hexadecimal

(128 . 25 )10 =( )16

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Type:2 Binary to decimal
• 11000110

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Octal to decimal
• 237

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Binary to decimal
• A3B

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Type: 3 Octal-binary
• Each significant digit in given number system is replaced by its 3-bit
binary equivalent.

• Ex: 376

• Octal-binary: Starting from LSB, each group of 3 bits is replaced by its

decimal equivalent.

• Ex: 10011010101
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Type: 3 Hexadecimal-binary

• Ex: 2DH

• Ex: 011110110101

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Type-4: Hexadecimal to Octal

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Problems

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ADDITION

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Binary Operations
• Addition

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Binary Operations
• Subtraction

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Binary Operations
• Multiplication

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Binary Operations
• Division

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