Professional Documents
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Foundation
Engineering
by:
Engr. Vera Karla Caingles
Engr. Christian Linares
CE427
Week 1 CE427
Foundation
Engineering
1. Introduction to course
2. Review on:
a. Index classification of soil
b. Soil classification
by:
Engr. Vera Karla Caingles
Engr. Christian Linares
WHAT IS SOIL?
CE427
CE427
SOIL is defined as the Foundation
Engineering
uncemented aggregate of
mineral grains and decayed
organic matter (solid particles)
along with the liquid and gas
by:
that occupy the empty spaces Engr. Vera Karla Caingles
by:
Engr. Vera Karla Caingles
Engr. Christian Linares
The design of foundations of structures such as
buildings, bridges, and dams generally requires a CE427
knowledge of such factors as: CE427
Foundation
(a) the load that will be transmitted by the superstructure Engineering
to the foundation system,
by:
Engr. Vera Karla Caingles
Engr. Christian Linares
CE427
CE427
Foundation REVIEW:
Engineering
GEOTECHNICAL
PROPERTIES
OF SOIL
by:
Engr. Vera Karla Caingles
Engr. Christian Linares
Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
Engineering
INDEX PROPERTIES OF SOILS
The various properties of soil which would be
considered as index properties are:
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
1. Grain-Size Distribution Engineering
sieve analysis
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
1. Grain-Size Distribution Engineering
sieve analysis
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
1. Grain-Size Distribution Engineering
hydrometer analysis
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
Distribution Curve Engineering
A particle-size distribution curve can be used to determine the
following four parameters for a given soil:
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4. Sorting coefficient (S0): This parameter is
another measure of uniformity and is generally encountered
in geologic works and expressed as:
Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
Distribution Curve Engineering
Several organizations have attempted to develop the size limits for gravel,
sand, silt, and clay on the basis of the grain sizes present in soils.
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
3. Atterberg Limits Engineering
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At a very low moisture content, soil -c.linares
behaves more like a solid.
When the moisture content is very high,
the soil and water may flow like a liquid.
The behavior of soil can be divided into
four basic states: solid, semisolid,
plastic, and liquid
Atterberg limits are the limits of water
content used to define soil behavior.
CE427
Geotechnical Properties of SOIL
Foundation
Engineering
4. Liquidity Index
The relative consistency of a cohesive soil in the natural state can be
defined by a ratio called the liquidity index, which is given by
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The in situ moisture content for a sensitive clay may be greater than the
liquid limit. These soils, when remolded, can be transformed into a
viscous form to flow like a liquid.
Soil deposits that are heavily overconsolidated may have a natural moisture content less than the
plastic limit. In this case
Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
5. Activity Engineering
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
5. Activity Engineering
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
6. Volume-weight Relationship Engineering
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(a) Soil element in natural state; (b) three phases of the soil element
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
6. Volume-weight Relationship Engineering
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL
Foundation
Engineering
7. SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS
Soils listed in groups A-1, A-2, and A-3 are coarse-grained materials, and those in
groups A-4, A-5, A-6, and A-7 are fine-grained materials.
- Peat, muck, and other highly organic soils are classified under A-8. They are
identified by visual inspection
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Geotechnical Properties of SOIL CE427
Foundation
7. SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: AASHTO Engineering
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CE427
Foundation
Engineering
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CE427
Foundation
Engineering
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CE427
CE427
Foundation Historical Perspective of
Engineering
Soil Mechanics and
Geotechnical
Engineering
by:
Engr. Vera Karla Caingles
Engr. Christian Linares
Historical Perspective of Soil Mechanics and CE427
Geotechnical Engineering Foundation
Engineering
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KARL TERZAGHI
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Born: October 2, 1883 in Prague -c.linares
Died: October 25, 1963 in Winchester, Massachusetts
He was married to Ruth D. Terzaghi, a geologist.
He won the Norman Medal of ASCE four times (1930,
1943, 1946, and 1955).
He was given nine honorary doctorate degrees from
universities in eight different countries.
He started modern soil mechanics with his theories of
consolidation, lateral earth pressures, bearing
capacity, and stability.
Historical Perspective of Soil Mechanics and CE427
Geotechnical Engineering Foundation
Engineering