Look at the sky.

Can you tell

what the weather is? Weather is
the condition of the
atmosphere at a short period
of time. The different factors
that affect weather include air
temperature, air pressure,
humidity, clouds, precipitation,
and wind speed and direction.
When these factors change
and affect the condition of the
atmosphere, weather
disturbances occur. Weather
disturbances refer to any
disruption of the
atmosphere’s stable
condition.
It can manifest through
the formation of low
pressure are or different
prevailing winds like
monsoon and the
Intertropical Convergence
Zone (ITZC).
Low Pressure Area (LPA) and
High Pressure Area
 This refers to the weight of air
that is pressing down on
Earth. An abrupt change in air
pressure can trigger weather
disturbances. When cold air
sinks, it results to high pressure
area. Since most of the air is
pressing down, the air on the
surface becomes dry.
 But when air rises, less
air presses downward,
resulting to the formation
of low pressure area. An
LPA can result to weather
disturbances such as rains
and strong winds.
 In a cyclone, the cool air
flows to take the place of the
rising warm air.
As a result, the air current
spins. The wind spirals
around the center of the
cyclone. This center is called
the eye.
 When a cyclone is formed
over the tropics, it is called
a tropical cyclone. Tropical
cyclones that occur within
the Philippine Area of
Responsibility (PAR)
develop in two areas.
 These areas a re in the Pacific
Ocean and in the West
Philippine Sea. The Philippine
Atmospheric Geophysical
and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA)
keeps track of cyclones that
enter the PAR.
Answer the following Questions
1. It is the condition of the
atmosphere at a short period of
time.
2. It is the center of the cyclone.

3. It keeps track of cyclones that

enter the PAR.
4. PAR means _________________

2. It is the center of the cyclone.

5. PAGASA means
Answer the following Questions
1. It is the condition of the
atmosphere at a short period of
time. Weather
2. It is the center of the cyclone.
eye
3. It keeps track of cyclones that
enter the PAR. PAGASA
4. PAR means _________________
Philippine Area of
2. It is theResponsibility
center of the cyclone.
5. PAGASA means
Philippine Atmospheric
Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration
Classification of Cyclone
According to Strength of
Wind
Tropical Disturbance
It is an isolated weather
system with an apparent
circulation. It is characterized
by a poorly developed wind
circulation. This is commonly
observed throughout the wet
tropics and subtropics.
Tropical Depression
It is a weak low pressure
disturbance with a definite surface
circulation. A tropical depression
has a maximum wind speed of up
to 61 kilometers per hour (kph). It
is most common in the equatorial
region or the Intertropical
Convergent Zone (ITZC).
Tropical Storm
Once a tropical depression has
intensified, it becomes a tropical
storm. A tropical storm is a moderate
tropical cyclone with maximum wind
speed of 62 to 88 kph. It is more
organized and more circular in
shape. The rotation of tropical storm
is more recognizable than that of a
tropical depression.
Typhoon
is an intense weather
disturbance having more or less
a circular shape and with an
average size of about 500
kilometers in diameter. The wind
blows toward the center, called
the eye.
 Tropical cyclones are identified
based on the speed of the
circulating winds. If the speed of
the wind is 60 km/h or less it is
known as depression. If the
speed becomes 60 to 118 it is
known as storm and if the speed
is more than 118 it is called a
typhoon.
 Tropical cyclones are identified
based on the speed of the
circulating winds. If the speed of
the wind is 60 km/h or less it is
known as depression. If the
speed becomes 60 to 118 it is
known as storm and if the speed
is more than 118 it is called a
typhoon.
What are the classifications of
cyclone according to strength of
wind?
Tropical Disturbance
Tropical Depression
Tropical Storm
Typhoon
 Changes of Weather
Before, During, and After
a Typhoon
Before the Typhoon
Before a typhoon occurs, high
clouds are observed in the sky.
The air is dry and cold since most
of the warm air has already risen.
The relative humidity is high. The
wind blows gently and scattered
rain showers may occur.
During the Typhoon
During a typhoon, the sky is dark
and cloudy. Heavy rainfall
accompanied by strong winds occurs.
Big waves are also observed near the
coast. When these waves become
unusually high due to abnormally
high ocean tides, a storm surge
occurs.
 Flash floods may also
occur due to heavy rainfall.
Landslides may be
triggered by flash floods
and heavy rains. Some
trees and crops may be
uprooted of strong winds.
After the Typhoon
After a typhoon, the sun
becomes visible and the sky
becomes clearer. There might
be scattered rain showers.
Rescue and relief operations
are also on-going.
 There might be an outbreak of
water-borne diseases, influenza,
and dengue. Some areas may
still be flooded and recovering
from the typhoon. If a certain
place is severely devastated,
many residents are staying in
the evacuation areas.