WORKING @ HEIGHT - OSHA

LEIGHTON CONTRACTORS MALAYSIA

November 2008
VIJAYBANDARA
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Purpose of The Working @ Height

 The purpose of any investigation is to determine
causes and to introduce controls to prevent
recurrence of similar incidents
 The purpose is not to assign blame or to punish
people
 Investigations should be through and objective and
be seen as an investment into the HSE program
improvement
 Good investigations will produce positive outcomes
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Investigation Equipment
 The Investigator should have access to the following
equipment :
 Camera
 Pen and Paper
 Tape Measure
 Barrier Tape
 Torch
 Full set of PPE
 Watch
 Mobile Phone/ Two Way Radio
 Vehicle
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Steps In The Investigation Process

 Observations of incident scene
 Collect evidence at the scene/ records
 Conduct interviews with witnesses
 Analyse the evidence
 Draw conclusions
 Determine controls
 Communication
 Trend causal factors
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Observations
 Make sure the incident scene is safe before entry and
assist any injured people
 Secure the incident scene
 Stop people entering the scene
 If necessary, erect barrier tape
 Preserve the incident scene
 Photographs
 Sketches
 Measurements
 Record critical information (weather conditions, time, etc.)
 Identify possible witnesses
 Record their names
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Evidence
 Search for evidence at the scene
 Take samples and arrange analysis
 Search for evidence removed from the scene
 Training records
 Maintenance records
 Personal factors
 JSA’s
 Personal Employment file
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Interviewing Witnesses
 A Witness is any person who:
 Saw
 Felt
 Heard
 Smelt

Anything about the incident

 Don’t make the mistake of only interviewing eye
witnesses. All witness need to be identified and
interviewed
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Interviewing Technique
 Make the witness feel at ease :
 Build trust and establish rapport
 Explain the reason for the interview
 Be honest
 It must be positive, otherwise witnesses may not provide all the
information
 Have a planned list of questions
 So you don’t forget things to ask
 To ensure completeness of the interview
 Ask open questions with the following leading words:
 What?
 Where?
 How?
 When?
 Who?
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Interviewing Technique
 Don’t make any comment about “blaming" any
person during the interview
 Record the witness statement
 Read the statement back to the witness
 Seek confirmation of correctness
 Ask the witness to sign the statement
 Ask the witness to get back to you if he/ she recalls
any further information
 Thank the witness at the end of the interview
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Analyse The Facts

 Analyse all of the evidence, records, reports, and
statements etc
 Piece the evidence together to draw a conclusion
 Evidence supporting actions and conditions needs to be
analysed
Training
Example: Records

Unsafe JSA
Behavior
Personal
Factors
Evidence
INCIDENT
Maintenance
Records

Unsafe Inspection
Conditions Records

Analysis
Reports
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Draw Conclusions
 Conclusions need to be drawn based on factual
evidence
 Determine all causation factors
 Immediate causes
 Basic causes
 Control causes
 Recommend short and long term remedial actions to
control causes and to make improvements in:
 System
 Personal and job factors
 Conditions and practices
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Determine Control Strategy

 Control strategies should be determined on Hierarchy
of Controls:
 Elimination
 Substitution
 Engineering
 Administration
 Education & Training
 Personal Protective Equipment
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Communication
 Make recommendations to management for
improvements and set a timeframe for completion
 Communicate changes and control measures to the
workers at tool box talks, pre-start meetings etc.
 Complete an Incident Alert for all PD Class1&2 and
NII Class1&2, post it on notice boards and the PM to
forward it to Regional HSE Manager, LAS for
distribution throughout the Group
 “Follow up” close out form to be returned within 7
days
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Trends
 Analyse all causal factors and graph trends
 Discussion item at monthly HSE committee meetings
 Develop Action Plans to reverse trends
THANK YOU