PLANT DESIGN – ENERGY

BALANCE
Dr. Aqeel Ahmad TAIMOOR
Example

Estimate the steam and the cooling water required for the distillation column shown in
the figure.
Steam is available at 25 psig (274 kN/m2 abs), dry saturated.
The rise in cooling water temperature is limited to 30 °C. Column operates at 1 bar.
Edmister Chart
Problem

The ideal state heat capacity of ethylene is given by the equation:

Estimate the value at 10 bar and 300 K.

Example

Vinyl chloride (VC) is manufactured by the pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE). The

reaction is endothermic. The flow-rates to produce 5000 kg/h at 55 per cent
conversion are shown in the diagram. The reactor is a pipe reactor heated with fuel
gas, gross calorific value 33.5 MJ/m3. Estimate the quantity of fuel gas required.
Example

In the batch preparation of an aqueous solution, the water is first heated to 80°C in a
jacketed, agitated vessel; 1000 Imp. gal. (4545 kg) is heated from 15°C. If the jacket
area is 300 ft2 (27.9m2) and the overall heat-transfer coefficient can be taken as 50
Btu.ft2 h-1 °F-1 (285 W m2 K-1), estimate the heating time. Steam is supplied at 25 psig
(2.7 bar).
Example
The typical vent-gas analysis from the recycle stream in an oxyhydrochlorination
process for the production of dichloroethane (DCE) is given below, percentages on
volume basis.

O27.96, CO2 +N287.6, CO1.79, C2H41.99, C2H60.1, DCE0.54

 Estimate the vent gas calorific value.
Problem

An insulated electrically heated tank for hot water contains 190 kg of liquid water at
60 oC when a power outage occurs. If water is withdrawn from the tank at a steady
state of m = 0.2 kg/s, how long will it take for the temperature of the water in the tank
to drop from 60 to 35 oC? Assume cold water enters the tank at 10 oC, and negligible
heat losses from the tank. For liquid water let CV = CP = C, independent of T and P.

What if the water is not drawn at steady state? Redo the calculations for 0.1kg/s inlet
and 0.2kg/s outlet flow of water.