THERMODYNAMICS 1

EC 551
(Tutorial -1)

Problem 1) Estimate W, Q, U and H for the process where 1 Kg of air is heated reversibly at
constant pressure from an initial state of 300 K and 1 bar until its volume triples. Assume for air
that PV/T =83.14 bar cm3 mol-1 K-1 and Cp = 29 J mol-1 K-1.

Problem 2) A tank containing 20 kg of water at 20oC is fitted with a stirrer that delivers
work to the water at the rate of 0.25 kW. How long does it take for the temperature of the
water to rise to 30oC if no heat is lost from the water?
[For water, Cp = 4.18 kJ.kg-1.oC-1]

Problem 3) Liquid water at 180oC and 1002.7 kPa has an internal energy (on an arbitrary
scale) of 762.0 kJ.kg-1 and a specific volume of 1.128 cm3.g-1
(3.1) What is its enthalpy?
(3.2) The water is brought to the vapor state at 300oC and 1500 kPa, where its internal
energy is 2784.4 kJ.kg-1 and its specific volume is 169.7 cm3.g-1. Calculate U and
H for the process.

Problem 4) A stream of warm water is produced in a steady flow mixing process by

combining 1.0 kg.s-1 of cool water at 25oC with 0.8 kg.s-1 of hot water at 75oC. During
mixing heat is lost to the surrounding at the rate of 30 kJ.s-1. What is the temperature of
the warm water stream? Assume the specific heat of water is constant at 4.18 kJ.kg-1.oC.

Problem 5) One kilogram of air is heated reversibly at constant pressure from an intial
state of 300 K and 1 bar until its volume triples. Calculate W, Q, U and H for the process.
Assume for air that PV/T = 83.14 bar.cm3.mol-1.K-1 and Cp = 29 J.mol-1.K-1.

Problem 6) One mole of an ideal gas with Cp = (5/2)R and Cv = (3/2)R expands from P1
= 6 bar and T1 = 800 K to P2 = 1 bar by each of the following paths:
⦁ Constant volume
⦁ Constant temperature
⦁ Adiabatically
Assuming mechanical reversibility, calculate W, Q, U and H for the each process. Sketch
each path on a single PV diagram.

Problem 7) An ideal gas initially at 600 K and 10 bar undergoes a four step mechanically
reversible cycle in a closed system. In step 12, Pressure decreases at constant volume to 2
bar; in step 34, volume decreases at constant pressure; and in step 41, the gas returns
adiabatically to its initial state. Take Cp = (7/2)R and Cv = (5/2)R.
⦁ Sktech the cycle on a PV diagram.
⦁ Determine (where unknown) both T and P for states 1,2,3,4.
⦁ Calculate Q, W, U and H for each step of the cycle.

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Problem 8) Calculate Z and V for ethylene at 25oC and 12 bar by the following equations:
⦁ The truncated virial equation [Eq.(3.38)] with the following experimental values of
virial coefficients:
B = -140 cm3.mol-1 C = 7200 cm6.mol-2
⦁ The truncated virial equations [Eq.(3.36)], with a values of B from the generalized
Pitzer correlation [Eqs.(3.58)-(3.62)]
⦁ The Redlich/Kwong equation
⦁ The Soave/Redlich/Kwong equation
⦁ The Peng/Robinson equation

Problem 9) An electrically heated tank contains 200 kg of water at 50oC with a cold water
at 10oC entering the tank at the rate of 0.2 kg/s and the hot water at 50oC leaving the tank
at the same rate; the system is at the steady state. Suddenly the electric power input to the
tank was cut off. Calculate the time it would take for the temperature of water in the tank
to drop to 30oC. Assume that the specific heat of water is constant at 4.2 kJ kg-1 K-1.