GASKET SELECTION AND

INSTALLATION
ENGINEER JAHANGIR AYAZI

Jahangir_ayazi@yahoo.com
 CONTENTS
Pre Test
1. What is a Gasket
2. How Gasket Prevent leakage
3. Gasket Specifications
4. Sizes of Gasket
5. Materials of Gasket
6. Temperature-Pressure rating of Gasket
7. Types of Gasket
8. Selection of Gasket
9. Piping Services at EPCL Plant
10. Gaskets used at EPCL Plant

11. Piping Specification at EPCL Plant

12. Installation of Gasket

13. Precautions for Gasket

14. Loss due to Gasket Leakage

15. Gasket Leaks Incidents

Post Test
Questions can be asked anytime throughout the Training
 PRE TEST

Email:

Jahangir_ayazi@yahoo.com
 1. What is a Gasket
 Gaskets are used to create a static seal between two stationary
members of a mechanical assembly and to maintain that seal
under operating conditions which may vary dependent upon
changes in pressures and temperatures.
 2. How Gasket Prevent Leakage?
 Does Two flanges seal without gasket?
 If Yes then Why?
 If No then Why not?
 3. Gasket Specification
SPECIFICATIONS EXAMPLE

Type of Gasket Full Face Gasket

Material EPDM

Size 3” (Vary from ½” to 24”)

Temperature- Pressure rating 150# (Vary from 150-2500 Class)

Standard B16.21 (Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe

Flanges)
 4. Sizes of Gasket
 ½ “ -24”
 As per application
 5. Materials of Gasket
 Will be discuss along with types
 6. Temperature- Pressure Rating
 ASME Pressure Classes: 150-2500
 Class 150 means this Gasket can sustain up to
150 psi maximum if the service temperature is
around 550F.
 Maximum working pressure increases with
decrease in temperature
 At 100F service temperature, the gasket can
sustain 285 psi
 7. Types of Gasket
7.1 Metallic
7.2 Semi Metallic
7.3 Non metallic
7.4 Liquid Gasket or
Sealant
 7.1 Metallic Gasket
7.1.1 Solid Metal Ring
7.1.2 Hollow Metal O-
Ring
7.1.3 Corrugated Metal

ASME B 16.20
 7.1.1 Solid Metal Ring
 Shape: Octagonal and Oval
 Size: R, RX or BX number

 Material: SS-304/316/321/347/410/F-5, Soft iron

‘D’, Hasteloy Inconel & Monel
 Maximum P-T rating: 150-5000 Class
 Standard: ASME B16.20
 Application: Flanges of ASME B 16.5, ASME B
16.47, or API Specification 6A).
 7.1.2 Hollow Metal O-Ring
 Material: Various grades of Inconel and
Stainless Steel
 Maximum Pressure: High Vacuum to 700MPa
 Maximum Temperature: Cryogenic to 1000C
 Application: Mechanical Seals
 7.1.3 Corrugated Metal
 Material: Soft aluminum,
copper or brass, Metal
Iron or soft steel, Inconel,
Monel, SS304/ 316L
 Maximum T-P rating:
Class 150-2000
 Application: Valves,
Pumps, Heat Exchangers,
Flanges, Vessels
 7.2 Semi Metallic Gasket
 7.2.1 Spiral Wound
 7.2.2 Jacketed Metal Gasket
 7.2.1 Spiral Wound
 Application: Flanges of ASME B16.5 & B16.47
 Standard: ASME B16.20
 7.2.2 Jacketed Metal Gasket
 Maximum P-T rating: Class 150-2500
 Application: Heat exchangers,
Boilers and flues, Autoclaves and
other pressure vessels. Gas mains,
Pumps, Valve bonnets and duties
involving high temperature and dry
heat.
 7.3 Non Metallic
 7.3.1 Rubber Gaskets
 7.3.2 Graphite Sheet
Gasket
 7.3.3 PTFE Sheet Gasket
 7.3.4 Compressed Joint
Sheet Gasket
 7.3.5 Sealant Tapes

ASME B 16.21
 7.3.1 Rubber Sheet Gasket
 Material:
i. Natural Rubber (-70F – 200F)
ii. Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) (-65F – 250F)
iii. Chloroprene Rubber (Neoprene ®) (-60F – 250F)
iv. Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) (-60F – 250F)
v. Flouro carbon rubber (FKM) Viton ® (-15F – 450F)
vi. CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHELENE RUBBER (CSM) Hypalon®
(50F – 275F)
vii. SILICONE RUBBER (VMQ) (-65F -500F)
viii. ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE RUBBER (EPDM) (-70F-350F)
 Maximum Pressure: 150psi
 7.3.2 Graphite Sheet Gasket
• Material: Graphite with/ without metal
inserts
• Maximum Pressure: upto 250 Kg-F/cm2
• Maximum Temperature: -200-550C
 7.3.3 PTFE Sheet Gasket
 Material: PTFE
 Maximum Pressure: up to 124Kg-F/cm2
 Maximum Temperature: -212- 316C
 Application: Virtually pH 0-14
 7.3.4 Compressed Joint Sheet Gasket
 Material: Asbestos, non-Asbestos and Fibre
 Maximum Pressure: up to 100 Kg-F/cm2
 Maximum Temperature: -100 - 300C
 7.3.5 Sealant Tapes
 Material: PTFE, rubber, etc
 7.4 Liquid Sealant Gasket

• Material: Silicon RTV

• Maximum Temperature: -59C-329C
 8. Selection of Gaskets
TAMP
 Temperature

 Application

 Material

 Pressure
 9. Piping Services at EPCL Plant
 Cooling Water, Waste Water, Boiler Feed
Water, Raw Water, Demin & Polish Water
 High and Low Pressure Steam, Condensate
 Chlorine, HYPO, Hydrogen, Brine
 HCl, H2SO4, Caustic
 EDC, VCM , Vent Gases
 PVC Slurry
 Various Catalyst, reactants, agents, etc
 10. Gasket used at EPCL Plant
 Spiral Wound
 Ring Type Joint
 Non Asbestos
 PTFE
 Graphite
 Rubber Sheets
 Metal Jacketed
 RTV
 PTFE / Graphite Tapes
 11. Piping Specification at EPCL
 PVC 1 /UTY 1 = TOYO SPECS
 PVC 2/ CA/ UTY 2/ PP = CHINESE SPECS
 CA Electrolyzer = AKCC SPECS
 EDC/ VCM = FURMOSA SPECS
 12. Installation of Gasket
 Flange face cleaning
 Flange face inspection
 Flange alignment inspection
 12. Installation of Gasket
 Gasket Inspection
 Gasket Placement
 12. Installation of Gasket
 Bolts lubrication
 Bolts tightening
13. Precautions for Gasket
14. Gasket’s Failure Consequences
 15. Gasket’s Failure Incidents
 On 24th May 2004, A Hydrogen Fire took place due to the
Installation of an Incorrectly Sized Gasket at a Solvent
Manufacturing Plant
 On 10th January 2000, approximately 100 barrels of jet fuel were
discharged from Plantation Pipeline in Newington, Virginia,
resulted from a failed gasket on an interface detector
 On 22nd February 2003, approximately 788 barrels of gasoline were
discharged from a portion of Plantation Pipeline in Hull, Georgia,
resulted from a failed gasket on a buried block valve.
 On 15th December 2004, Employees were performing maintenance
on a propane pipeline near Mantador, North Dakota, when a
gasket on the pipeline's valve failed, causing a leak. Nearby
resident were evacuated, and a rail line was shut down
temporarily. There were no injuries
QUESTIONS
 Box up protocol at EPCL
 Box up Certificate
 Signing of Flanges
POST TEST
 Question 1
 Can you use a 150# Class Flange with Steam
service Pressure 250psi and Temperature 300F?

 What would be the maximum Pressure that a

600# Class flange can bear at 800F?
 Question 2
 You have a purchase an Octagonal ring. What
specifications you should send to the vendor if
you know the following:
i. Material: SS 304
ii. Avg. Pitch diameter of ring: 11.0“
iii. Height of ring: 1.06”
iv. Width of ring: 0.875”
 Question 3
 What would be the material of Metallic
windings if Outer ring color is:
i. Brown HASTELLOY B
ii. Orange MONEL 400
iii. Green SS 316L
iv. Blue SS 347
v. Red NICKEL 200
vi. Yellow SS 304
 Question 4
 What would be the material of filler If the color
of the marking on the outer edge of outer ring
is
i. White PTFE
ii. Grey FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE
 Question 5
 On what dimensions you will cut a rubber
gasket for a Raised face Flange of 3” 150#

 On what dimensions you will cut a PTFE

Gasket for a Flat Face Flange of 2” 300#
 Question 6
 What are the two ASME Standards for Metallic
and non-metallic Gaskets?
 For Metallic: ASME B16.20
 For Non-Metallic: ASME B16.21
 Question 7
 Which one is not required in Gasket Selection?
i. Temperature of service
ii. Size of flange
iii. Pipe Internal Diameter
iv. Service Compatibility

PIPE INTERNAL DIAMETER

 Question 8
 Which gasket should we use if the piping
specification of a Chlorine Line is G1FF1?

 Which gasket should we use if the piping

specification of a Chlorine Line is A5S?
 Question 9
 5 steps?
Torquing of Bolts should be done in ……
 Question 10
 Write down the steps involved in Gasket
Installation?
i. Flange face cleaning
ii. Flange face inspection
iii. Flange alignment inspection
iv. Gasket Inspection
v. Gasket Installation
vi. Bolts lubrication
vii. Bolts tightening
 THANK YOU
Preparation By: jahangir ayazi
12- may-2016
IRAN . TEHRAN