SD4006

DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE

G+9 R.CC Design of building

at zone V with and without
separation joint.
Guided By
Mr. BHAIRAV PATEL
Mr. MEET SHAH
Mr..AASHLESH GANDHI

Prepared By
AFZAL SAMA PSD22012
MEET SHAH PSD22194
Architectural Drawing
56.5 m
 Problem Statement :-
 1)
• G+9 storeys
• Without Provision of separation joint in building
• Determine whether building is torsionally irregular or not as per IS
1893:2016.
• Suggest different alternatives to mitigate the effect of torsion in
building.
37.5 m

• Compare with project 9

 2)
Basic information about Architectural detail and problem
• G+9 storeys
statement given.
• Provision of separation joint in building
 G+9 building at zone V
• Suggesting alternatives for possible location of separation joint
 Dimension of the building: - 56.5 x 37.5 m
• Analyzing all building parts separated by joints and calculating required
 Typical floor height :- 3m
separation joint
 Occupancy :- >200
• Modifying the structural system in such a way that separation joint is
 No of Flats per floor :- 13 (each 2 BHK)
100 mm only
 Height of structure from NGL :- 32.6 m
• Preparing various alternatives for details of treating separation joints
 Internal wall :- 100 mm thick
• Check the effect of consideration of reduced MOI on requirements of
 1 staircase
separation joint.
 2 lifts
 Some cutouts
Understanding of Problem Statement
Some of the solution to reduce stress concentration at that joint
IRREGULARITY
Plan Irregular building
Re-entrants corners
Presence of re-entrant corners which causes stress
concentration due to sudden changes in stiffness and torsion in
the buildings due to plan asymmetry

Adding Separation Joint

Adding stiff elements at notches

Due to plan asymmetry it causes stress concentration at this

particular joint.

Adding Splay Between two edges

Structural System
FIRST ITERATION
FINAL ITERATION

6m 3m

No column distance
between two column is Introduction of column.
around 6 m Column distance between
two column is around 3 m
Final Structural System
FINAL ITERATION 3m
FIRST ITERATION 6m

INITIAL ITERATION

SECOND ITERATION

ETABS MODEL
ETABS MODEL
FIRST ITERATION SECOND ITERATION
• Spacing between • Spacing between
some column is some column is
around 5-6m around 3-4m
• Outcome Large • Outcome Small AST
AST required and required and no
need for large need for large
dimension of the dimension of the
element. element.
Load Consideration & Static check
Manual ETABS
 Dead Load (As Per I.S 875 Part 1)  Total Load for Static check Load Case Error(%)
(kN) (kN)
 Slab Load (125 mm Thick) :- 3.125 kN/m2 Dead 5475.00 5726 -4.38
Typical floor of the Architectural drawing was Modelled in
 Slab Load (150 mm Thick) :- 3.75 kN/m2 SUNK 467.97 476 -1.69
Etabs however Loads were calculated manually which Wall 3037 3019 0.60
 Wall (Density 15 kN/m3) :- 3.825 kN/m
 Floor finish :- 1.5 kN/m2 Includes Dead Load & Self Weight in Dead load (self- Floor
Finish 1503.88 1503 0.06
• Density of cement mortar :- 20.4 kN/m 3 weight, Sunk load , floor finish, wall load) were calculated Live 2268.959 2260 0.40
• Thickness of layer :- 15 mm and Percentage error was estimated.
Total Load 12752.81 12984 -1.78
• Density of Sand :- 18.5 kN/m 3
TOTAL LOAD CALCULATION
• Thickness of Layer :- 25 mm
• Density of marble :-26.7 kN/m 3  Intensity check
• Thickness of marble :- 25 mm
• Total :- 1.427 kN/m2 Manual ETABS Load Intensity
Load Case Error (%) Manual ETABS
 Terrace Waterproofing :- 1.5 kN/m2 (kN) (kN)
(kN/m ) (kN/m2)
2

 Overhead Water Tank (10000 liters assumed) :- 4.98 Dead 5475.00 5726 -4.38 5.62 5.87
kN/m2 Sunk 467.97 476 -1.69 0.48 0.49
 Sunk slab (250 mm) :- 3.5 kN/m2 Wall 3037 3019 0.60 3.11 3.10
• Depth of Sunk slab :- 0.3 m Floor ETABS MODELED FOR TYPICAL FLOOR
Finish 1503.88 1503 0.06 1.54 1.54
• Density of filling material :- 12 kN/m 3
• Thickness of Filling Material :- 0.28 m
Live
Total Load
2268.959
12752.81
2260
12984
0.40
-1.78
2.33
13.08
2.32
13.32
Load Intensity
• Density of Water Proofing :- 4.9 kN/m 3
• Thickness of Water Proofing :- 0.02 m 17%
 Total area of typical floor :- 975 m2
• Total load :- 3.458 kN/m2 44%
 Total Load Intensity :- 13.08 kN/m2 12%
LIVE LOAD (As Per I.S 875 Part 2)  Total Percentage Error :- 1.78 % 23% 4%
Bedroom, Kitchen, Hall, Dinning, Toilet :- 2 kN/m2
Passage, Balconies :- 3 kN/m2
Dead Sunk Wall
Floor Finish Live
Earthquake Base Shear Calculation
NOTATION DESCRIPTION VALUE UNIT REFRENCE
BASE SHEAR MANUAL ETABS %ERROR
Seismic Zone V
Z Seismic Zone Factor 0.36 CL.6.4.2 EQX (kN) 11304.5 10924.04 3.36
I Importance Factor 1.2 CL.7.2.3
R Response Reduction Factor 5 CL.7.2.6 EQY (kN) 11304.5 10924.04 3.36

Approximate Fundamental Period Along X

Tx 0.36 sec CL.7.6.1
(0.09*H/√d) Remark: - It is observed that there was total 3.36%
of error while calculating Base shear Manually and
Ty Approximate Fundamental Period Along Y sec CL.7.6.1
(0.09*H/√d) 0.450 in Etabs.

Sa/g X Design Acceleration Coefficient , along X 2.5 CL.6.4.2

Sa/g Y Design Acceleration Coefficient , along Y 2.5 CL.6.4.2

Ah Ah= ((Z/2)*(Sa/g))/(R/I) CL.6.4.2

Ah X Design Horizontal Coefficient along X 0.108

Ah Y Design Horizontal Coefficient along Y 0.108

Wi Seismic weight 104674.49 kN CL.7.4

Percentage of Imposed Load(Up to and
%LL 25 % Table 10
including 3)
VBX Design Base Shear VB=Ah*Wi 11304.85 kN kN CL.7.6.1
VBY Design Base Shear VB=Ah*Wi 11304.85 kN kN CL.7.6.1
Initial Column Sizing (for Gravity Load)
 Assuming percentage of steel = 0.8%..................................................... I S 456 CL 26.5.3.1
 Getting Reaction from Etabs i.e., PU for (1.5D. L+1.5L. L)
 I.e., Pu = 0.4*fck*Ac + 0.67*fy*As……………………………………………………………………I S 456 pg. 17
 Fck =25
 Ac (Area of Concrete) = Ag - As (Ag-Gross area, As- Area of Steel)
 Fy: - 500
 We will get as from the above Equation.
 Creating Range of Sizing for Different Pu of Column.

PERCENT OF STEEL PU RANGE COLUMN SIZE

0.8% 0-1701 300*450

0.8% 1701-1890 300*500

0.8% 1890-2079 300*550

1% 2079-2385 300*600

2% 2385-3465 300*700
Storey Shear Check Manual & Etabs
CUMULATIVE
FLOOR HI WI (kN) WIHI2 WIHI2/ΣWIHI2 QI
QI (kN)
TERRACE 32.6 9343.75 9930163.75 0.20 2363.01 2363.01
Story9 29.6 11289 9890970.24 0.20 2353.68 4716.7
Story8 26.6 11289 7987644.84 0.16 1900.76 6617.466
Story7 23.6 11289 6287521.44 0.13 1496.19 8113.665
Story6 20.6 11289 4790600.04 0.10 1139.98 9253.651
Story5 17.6 11289 3496880.64 0.07 832.12 10085.78
Story4 14.6 11289 2406363.24 0.05 572.62 10658.41
Story3 11.6 11289 1519047.84 0.03 361.47 11019.88
Story2 8.6 11289 834934.44 0.01 198.68 11218.57
Story1 5.6 11289 354023.04 0.007 84.24 11302.81
GF 2 2137 8548 0.00017 2.03 11304.85
BASE 0 0 0 0 11304.85
    TOTAL = 47506697.51      
MANUAL STOREY SHEAR CALCULATION

STOREY ELEVATION X DIR (kN) Y DIR (kN)

WATER TANK 35.1 0 0
TERRACE 32.6 -2668.64 -2.47E-05
STOREY SHEAR GRAPH
Story9 29.6 -4978.52 -3.45E-05
Story8 26.6 -6806.12 -4.45E-05
Story7 23.6 -8215.15 -0.0001
Story6 20.6 -9259.96 -0.0001
REMARK: -The highlighted Numbers shows the difference between Etabs & Manual Results Story5 17.6 -9995.20 -0.0001
there is Total of 3.36% of error while comparing the results. Story4 14.6 -10474.66 -0.0001
Story3 11.6 -10752.99 -0.0001
Story2 8.6 -10884.54 -0.0001
Story1 5.6 -10924.04 -0.0001
GF 2 -10924.04 -0.0001
BASE 0 0 0
ETABS STOREY SHEAR RESULTS
Max Storey Drift
Without Crack moment of inertia With Crack moment of inertia

As per IS.1893 part 1.CL.6.4.3.1

Applying condition for Cracked
Moment of Inertia in our Etabs
model and considering 70% Igross

of Column and 35% Igross of

Beam.

ETABS MAX STOREY DIRFT ALONG X ETABS MAX STOREY DIRFT ALONG X After applying cracked moment
Story8 26.6 Top 0.00505 0.00064 Story8 26.6 Top 0.00965 0.00159 of inertia Max Storey drift
increased by around 1.91 times.

REMARK: - As per I. S 1893:

ETABS MAX STOREY DIRFT ALONG Y
2016 CL 7.11.1.1.pg 26, The
Storey Drift in any Storey must
not exceed 0.004 times the
Storey height. The highlighted
shows max drift obtained from
ETABS results which exceeds
Codal limit.
ETABS MAX STOREY DIRFT ALONG Y

Story8 26.6 Top 0.00036 0.00449 Story8 26.6 Top 0.00084 0.0093
Max Storey Displacement
Without Crack moment of inertia With Crack moment of inertia

As per IS.1893 part 1.CL.6.4.3.1

Applying condition for Cracked
Moment of Inertia in our Etabs
model and considering 70% Igross

of Column and 35% Igross of

Beam.

MAX STOREY DISPLACEMENT UNDER EQ ALONG X

After applying cracked
MAX STOREY DISPLACEMENT UNDER EQ ALONG X
TERRACE 32.6 Top 199.20 20.947 moment of inertia Max Storey
TERRACE 32.6 Top 364.42 49.915
Displacement increased by
around 1.83 times.

REMARK: - Displacement Limit of

the Structure is
(H/250=140.4mm). Highlighted
figure shows that displacement
in X direction i and displacement
in Y direction which is not under
MAX STOREY DISPLACEMENT UNDER EQ ALONG Y MAX STOREY DISPLACEMENT UNDER EQ ALONG Y control.
TERRACE 32.6 Top 4.673 161.85 TERRACE 32.6 Top 14.929 321.36
Center of Mass and Centre of Rigidity

XCM YCM XCR YCR

Story
m m m m

WATER
15.87 31.67 16.62 30.67
TANK

TERRACE 24.76 24.52 24.21 25.85

Story9 24.76 24.47 24.42 25.79

CENTRE
2.2 m
OF MASS Story8 24.67 24.44 24.59 25.73
CENTRE OF
RIGIDITY Story7 24.67 24.44 24.77 25.67

Story6 24.67 24.44 24.98 25.62

Story5 24.67 24.44 25.22 25.55

Story4 24.67 24.44 25.55 25.48

Story3 24.67 24.44 26.02 25.40

PLOTTING CENTRE OF MASS AND CENTRE OF RIGIDITY AT
STOREY 2 Story2 24.67 24.44 26.87 25.26

Story1 24.68 24.45 28.32 25.05

Remark: - The Centre of mass and Centre of rigidity has been plotted of storey two so it has
eccentricity between COM & COR which will create torsion in the structure
Frame Participation
FRAME PARTICIPATION IN X DIRECTION
REMARK: - It was observed that a greater number of through frame attract
more load and hence more load was attracted by shear wall. Overall, 100 %
Base shear of VBX was taken by frames shown in the above figure. In the
ETABS result it was understood that the total VBX of 101% was with 1% of
error.
FRAME PARTICIPATION IN Y DIRECTION
REMARK: - It was observed that a greater number of through frame attract
more load and hence more load was attracted by shear wall. Overall, 100 %
Base shear of VBY was taken by frames shown in the above figure. In the
ETABS result it was understood that the total VBX of 97% was with 3% of
error.
Further Work

 Check for torsion in the structure

 Two approach for solving Torsion , Provide Separation joint and without separation joint
 Separation Joint
• Look for appropriate location for Separation joint
• Create New Structural System
Without Separation joint
• Provide more stiffness where needed to reduce eccentricity between Center Of Mass
And Center Of Rigidity
• Do Dynamic analysis if needed
Reduce Torsion in the building
Reduce and Bring Drift under control
Reduce and Bring Displacement under control
Reduce Percentage error
Get building pass under earthquake load for both approach
Compare both approaches
Detailing of both approaches
THANK YOU