THE NERVOUS

SYSTEM
Reflex
 Is an involuntary reaction in
response to stimuli transmitted to
CNS. It allows individual to react to
a stimulus more quickly to ensure
protection of the body from an
injury.
 Its five basic components are:
(1)sensory receptors, (2) sensory
neuron, (3) association neuron, (4)
motor neuron, and (5) effector
organ.
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
 The PNS is the division of the
Nervous system containing all the
nerves that lie outside of the Central
Nervous System (CNS).
 PRIMARY ROLE:
To connect the CNS to the organs,
limbs and skin. These nerves extend
from the CNS to the outermost areas
of the body.
STRUCTURE OF THE PNS

nerves branching from the spinal cord (spinal
31 pairs of

nerves).
 12 pairs that emerge from the brain (cranial nerves)
43 NERVE PAIRS
 Considers separate from the brain and spinal cord.
 Form the basis of the peripheral nervous system.
STRUCTURE OF THE PNS
Two Types of Neurons
SENSORY (AFFERENT)
 Detect various sensations
such as pain and heat.
 Transmits messages towards
the CNS to be interpreted by
either spinal cord or the
brain.
motor (EFFERENT)
 Transmit messages away
from the CNS.
 Stimulate effectors
(skin, sense organs,
muscles, etc.) to
perform a function or
reflex.
 PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

SOMATIC AUTONOMIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM NERVOUS SYSTEM

SYMPATHETIC
SENSORY MOTOR NS
PARASYMPATHETIC
NS

VOLUNTARY INVOLUNTAR
Y
 PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (SNS)

SENSORY MOTOR
 PNS division that controls
voluntary responses.
 Responsible for relaying
sensory and motor information
between the outside
environment of the CNS.
 Innervate outer sections of the
body (skin and skeletal
VOLUNTARY
muscle)
 PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

SYMPATHETIC NS PARASYMPATHETIC NS

 Fight or flight  Rest and digest

 Raising heart rate  Digestion of food
 Blood vessel constrict  Expulsion of waste
 Glucose release  General maintenance

INVOLUNTARY
 PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

SOMATIC AUTONOMIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM NERVOUS SYSTEM

SYMPATHETIC
SENSORY MOTOR NS
PARASYMPATHETIC
NS

VOLUNTARY INVOLUNTAR
Y
DISCLAIMER:
 Pictures in this presentation are not mine.

REFERENCES:
 https://www.slideshare.net/Imibro2012/the-nervous-syst
em-its-types-the-human-brain-functions-and-fun-facts
 slideshare.net/cnps/brain-ppt-17728287?next_slideshow=1
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jaWrMYChc5A&t=118s