GRADE 10

MATHEMATICS
MATH10-Q1-C1-S1
Sequences and
Series
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

 Identify and generate patterns.

 Exploration
TRIANGULAR NUMBERS SQUARE NUMBERS

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PENTAGONAL NUMBERS

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 Use patterns to complete the table below.

TRIANGULAR NUMBERS
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1st 2nd 3rd 4th

FIGURATE NUMBER 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH 5TH 6TH 7TH

Triangular 1 3 6
 Use patterns to complete the table below.

SQUARE NUMBERS
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1st 2nd 3rd 4th

FIGURATE NUMBER 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH 5TH 6TH 7TH

Square 1 4 9 16
 Use patterns to complete the table below.

PENTAGONAL NUMBERS
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1st 2nd 3rd 4th

FIGURATE NUMBER 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH 5TH 6TH 7TH

Pentagonal 1 5 12 22
 Use patterns to complete the table below.

Figurate Number 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th

Triangle 1 3 6 10 15 21 28
Square 1 4 9 16 25 36 49
Pentagonal 1 5 12 22 35 51 70
Hexagonal 1 6 15 28 45 66 91
Heptagonal 1 7 18 34 55 81 112
Octagonal 1 8 21 40 65 96 132
 SEQUENCE

A Sequence…
• a particular order in which related events,
movements, or things follow each other.

A Number Sequence…
• is a list of numbers having a first number, a second
number, a third number, and so on called the terms of the
sequence.
 SEQUENCE

Example
• For the sequence of triangular numbers 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 …

• the first term is 1, 𝑎 1=1 𝑡 1=1

• the second term is 3, and 𝑎 2=3 or 𝑡 2 =3
• the fifth term is 15. 𝑎 5=15 𝑡 5 =15
 SEQUENCE

Some other examples of number sequences are:

Number Sequence Pattern

3, 6, 9, 12, ... add 3
12, 17, 22, 27, ... add 5
70, 65, 60, 55, ... subtract 5
15, 19, 23, 27, … add 4
81, 27, 9, 3, … divide by 3
 SEQUENCE

Definition:
• A sequence having a finite number of terms is
called a finite sequence.
• A sequence that has infinite number of terms is
called an infinite sequence.
 SEQUENCE

Find the next two terms of each sequence.

a. 5, 8, 11, 14, …
Solution: 5, 8, 11, 14, … ,

+3 +3 +3
a term is obtained by adding +3 to the previous term.
The fifth term = 14 + 3 = 17.
The sixth term = 17 + 3 = 20.
 SEQUENCE

Find the next two terms of each sequence.

b. 15, 7, -1, -9, …
Solution: 15, 7, -1, -9, … ,

-8 -8 -8
a term is obtained by adding -8 to the previous term.
Thus, the 5th term = -9 + (-8) = -17 and
the 6th term = -17 + (-8) = -25.
 SEQUENCE

Find the next two terms of each sequence.

c. 7, 14, 28, 56, …
Solution: 7, 14, 28, 56, … ,

x2 x2 x2
a term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by 2.
Thus, the 5th term = 56 x 2 = 112 and
the 6th term = 56 x 2 = 224.
 SEQUENCE

Find the next two terms of each sequence.

d. 24, -12, 6, -3, …
Solution: 24, -12, 6, -3, … ,

÷−𝟐 ÷−𝟐 ÷−𝟐

a term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by .
Thus, the 5th term = = and the 6th term = =
 Find the last 2 terms of the given sequence

PRACTICE NOW
(a) 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, … (a) Add 5. (28 & 33)

(b) -20, -26, -32, -38, -44, … (b) Subtract 6. (-50 & -56)

(c) 5, 15, 45, 135, 405, … (c) Multiply by 3. (1215 & 3645)

(d) 4374, -1458, 486, -162, 54, … (d) Divide by -3. (-18 & 6)
Do you have any
questions?
 Answer Practice and
Application I & II of your book.
Thank you for
listening! 