Endocrine

System
LESSON 2
SLIDESMANIA
OBJECTIVES

 Explain the role of endocrine system

in maintaining homeostasis.
 Identify the parts of endocrine system.
 Describe how hormones affect
responses in the body.
 ANOTHER NAME FOR
NERVE CELLS
SLIDESMANIA
 GLAND THAT
SECRETES
HORMONES WHICH
INITIATE “FIGHT OR
FLIGHT”
SLIDESMANIA
 SINGLE, LONG
PROCESS OF A NERVE
CELL
SLIDESMANIA
 LARGEST PART OF
THE BRAIN
SLIDESMANIA
 HORMONE THAT
HELPS DEVELOP THE
FETUS
SLIDESMANIA
 HORMONE THAT
STIMULATES MILK
PRODUCTION
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 DIVISION OF THE PNS
THAT INITIATES
“REST AND DIGEST”
RESPONSE
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 ENDOCRINE ORGAN
THAT PRODUCES
INSULIN
SLIDESMANIA
 How have you changed over
the past year?

 What has caused those

changes?

 How do you think you will

change in the next few years?
 The Endocrine System regulates,
coordinates and controls:
 Growth and development.
 Male and female development.
 How your body uses energy.
 Levels of salts and sugars in your blood.
 The amount (volume) of fluid in your
body.
 Appetite.
 Many other body functions.
 THE FUNCTION OF THE ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM IS TO SECRETE HORMONES
THAT CONTROL ACTIVITIES SUCH AS
METABOLISM, REPRODUCTION,
GROWTH, AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE
HUMAN BODY.
SLIDESMANIA
 The Endocrine Glands are
the organs of the Endocrine
System.
 They produce and secrete
(release) Hormones.
 They are located all over
your body.
Gland What it Regulates
Pituitary “Master Gland” that regulates all other
Endocrine Glands, also releases growth
hormone
Thyroid Metabolism, body heat, bone growth
Parathyroids Use of Calcium and Phosphorous
Hypothalamus Links nervous system to endocrine system

Adrenal Response in emergency or stressful

situations, metabolism, blood pressure, salt
balance
Pancreas Blood sugar
Ovaries Production of eggs; female characteristics

Testes Production of sperm; male characteristics

Thymus Parts of the immune system

 Hormones are chemical
messengers that are secreted
(released) from glands into
the blood and affect cells in
another part of the body.
SLIDESMANIA
 Hormones only work on certain cells, called
target cells.
 The target cells have special receptors that
“recognize” the hormones and allow them to
influence that cell.
Target
Target Cell
Cell for
for Target Cell for Target Cell for
Hormone
Hormone A A Hormones A and B Hormone B

Hormone A Hormone B

These receptors recognize the hormones.

They “fit” like a lock and key.
  Negative feedback means that when
enough hormone is in the body, the
body stops producing the hormone
until it is needed again.
You eat. Glucose (sugar) Increased glucose is detected by receptors
in the blood increases. that notify the brain. It sends a message
to the pancreas to produce insulin.

Pancreas stops making insulin.

Insulin tells muscle and liver to take up

Blood glucose level drops as glucose from the bloodstream and use it for energy
it is removed by the cells. or store it for later. Brain reduces appetite.
 Where it comes from: Adrenal
Gland
 Where it acts: heart, blood vessels,
eyes
 What it does: stimulates heart rate,
increases blood pressure, dilates
pupils
 Causes "Adrenaline Rush”
 A 'fight and flight' hormone.
 It is released in high stress
conditions or in excitement or fear.
 Loud noise, high temperature etc.
may also trigger its release since
these are also high stress
situations.
Where it comes from:
ovary (where an egg
was released)
Where it acts: uterus
What it does: controls
menstruation in
women and plays a
role in pregnancy.
One of the
components of birth
control pills
 Where it comes from: thyroid
gland
 Where it acts: most cells of the
body
 What it does: controls the rate of
metabolic processes (how
energy is used) in the body and
influences physical development
 People may not produce enough
of this hormone and get a
condition known as
hypothyroidism. They can take
thyroxine to treat this condition.
 Where it comes from: testicles
 Where it acts: body-hair cells,
muscle, reproductive structures
 What it does: stimulates development
of male sexual characteristics
 Testosterone is a steroid and has
been administered to athletes in
order to improve performance. This is
considered to be a form of doping in
most sports and is a very dangerous
practice.
 Females also produce small amounts
of testosterone in their ovaries that
affect muscle development and other
body functions.
 Where it comes from: ovary
 Where it acts: breast tissue,
reproductive structures in
female
 What it does: stimulates
development of female
sexual characteristics
 Estrogen levels may be
related somehow to migraine
headaches in women.
 Where it comes from:
Insulin is produced in the
pancreas
 Where it acts: liver,
muscle, and fat tissue
 What it does: Insulin
causes cells to take up
glucose (sugar) from the
blood, storing it in the liver
and muscle, and stopping
use of fat as an energy
source.
 Problems with insulin
production or use in the
body can lead to diabetes.