SHRI RAMSWAROOP

MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY

TA – 5
PRESENTATION – GENETIC CODE &ITS IMPORTANCE
Name – Shristi Singh
Roll no. 202210902150089
Course- Bsc (hons)bio-tech
Branch – BT
Subject – molecular biology
Submitted to – Prof. Dr.Neelam Mishra
Group - 23
 GENETIC CODE
 genetic code, the sequence of nucleotides in deoxyribonucleic acid (
DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) that determines the amino acid
 sequence of proteins.
 Though the linear sequence of nucleotides in DNA contains the
information for protein sequences, proteins are not made directly from
DNA.
CODONS

 Cells decode mRNAs by reading their nucleotides in groups of

three, called codons. 
FEATURES OF CODON
• Most codons specify an amino acid
• Three "stop" codons mark the end of a protein
• One "start" codon, AUG, marks the beginning of a protein and also encodes the amino acid
methionine
 Codons in an mRNA are read during translation, beginning with a start codon and continuing
until a stop codon is reached. mRNA codons are read from 5' to 3' , and they specify the order
of amino acids in a protein from N-terminus (methionine) to C-terminus.
THE GENETIC CODE TABEL
The full set of relationships between codons and amino acids (or stop signals) is
called the genetic code. The genetic code is often summarized in a table.
PROPERTIES OF GENETIC CODE
•Triplet code
•Non-ambiguous and Universal
•Degenerate code
•Nonoverlapping code
•Commaless

•Start and Stop Codons

•Polarity
 THE IMPORTANCE OF A GENETIC
CODE IN PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.

One codon codes for only one amino acid, hence it is unambiguous and specific.
Example - AUG codes for Methionine.
The genetic code is a set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material
(DNA or RNA) is translated to proteins. The code is universal and the triplet codon
codes for the specific amino acid and these amino acids together forms the protein
which regulate various processes in our body.