National Commission

For minorities & Women

• The Union Government set up the National
Commission for Minorities (NCM) under the
National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992. Six
religious communities, viz; Muslims, Christians, Sikhs
, Buddhists, Zoroastrians (Parsis) and Jains have
been notified in Gazette of India as minority
communities by the Union Government all over

Minorites
India .[2] Original notification of 1993 was for five
religious communities; Sikhs, Buddhists, Parsis,
Christians and Muslims, later in 2014, Jains
community was also added.] As per Census 2001,
About the committee
these six communisties consists of 18.8% of the
country's population.

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Functions of NCM
• Evaluate the progress of the development of
Minorities under the Union and States.
• Monitor the working of the safeguards provided in
the Constitution and in laws enacted by Parliament
and the State Legislatures.
• Make recommendations for the effective
implementation of safeguards for the protection of
the interests of Minorities by the Central
Government or the State Governments.
• Look into specific complaints regarding deprivation
of rights and safeguards of the Minorities and take
up such matters with the appropriate authorities.

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Functions of NCM
• Cause studies to be undertaken into problems
arising out of any discrimination against Minorities
and recommend measures for their removal.
• Conduct studies, research and analysis on the
issues relating to socio-economic and educational
development of Minorities.
• Suggest appropriate measures in respect of any
Minority to be undertaken by the Central
Government or the State Governments.
• Make periodical or special reports to the Central
Government on any matter pertaining to Minorities
and in particular the difficulties confronted by
them.
• Any other matter which may be referred to it by the
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 Powers and Composition

Powers Composition
 Summoning and enforcing the attendance of any  a Chairperson,
person from any part of India and examining him
 a Vice Chairperson and
on oath.
 Five Members to be nominated by the Central
 Requiring the discovery and production of any
Government from amongst persons of eminence,
document.
ability and integrity; provided that five members
 Receiving evidence on affidavit. including the Chairperson shall be from amongst
the minority communities.
 Requisitioning any public record or copy thereof
from any court or office.
 Issuing commissions for the examination of
witnesses and documents.
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 Rights &
safeguards of
NCM

TREY 6
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 Rights & safeguards of
NCM
• Under Fundamental Rights Part III of Indian
Constitution[edit]

• Indian state is committed to administer these rights

which can be enforced by judiciary

• Right of ‘any section of the citizens’ to ‘conserve’

its ‘distinct language, script or culture’; [Article
29(1)]
• Right of all Religious and Linguistic Minorities to
establish and administer educational institutions of
their choice;[Article 30(1)]
• Freedom of Minority-managed educational
institutions from discrimination in the matter of
receiving aid from the State;[Article30(2)]

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 Rights & safeguards of
NCM
• Under Part XVII Official Language of Indian
Constitution[edit]

• Rights for any section of population for language

spoken by them ;[Article 347]
• Provision for facilities of instruction in mother
tongue ; [Article 350A]
• Provisioning a special officer for linguistic
minorities and defining his duties ; [ Article 350B]

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National
commission for
women

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• The National Commission for Women was set up as statutory
body in January 1992 under the National Commission for
Women Act, 1990 ( Act No. 20 of 1990 of Govt.of India ) to :

 review the Constitutional and Legal safeguards for women ;

 recommend remedial legislative measures ;

 facilitate redressal of grievances and

 advise the Government on all policy matters affecting women.

• Mission – Women
• To strive towards enabling women to achieve equality and equal
participation in all spheres of life by securing her due rights and

Womens
entitlements through suitable policy formulation, legislative
measures, effective enforcement of laws, implementation of
schemes/policies and devising strategies for solution of specific
problems/situations arising out of discrimination and atrocities
against women.

• Vision About the committee

• The Indian Woman, secure in her home and outside, fully

empowered to access all her rights and entitlements, with
opportunity to contribute equally in all walks of life.

•  
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Functions of NCW
• The commission shall perform all or any of the following
functions, namely :-
a. Investigate and examine all matters relating to the
safeguards provided for women under the Constitution
and other laws;
b. present to the Central Government, annually and at such
other times as the Commission may deem fit, reports
upon the working of those safeguard;
c. make in such reports recommendations for the effective
implementation of those safeguards for the improving
the conditions of women by the Union or any state;
d. review, from time to time, the exiting provisions of the
Constitution and other laws affecting women and
recommend amendments thereto so as to suggest
remedial legislative measures to meet any lacunae,
inadequacies or shortcomings in such legislations;
e. take up cases of violation of the provisions of the
Constitution and of other laws relating to women with
the appropriate authorities ;

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Functions of NCW
a. look into complaints and take suo moto notice of
matters relating to:-

 deprivation of women's rights;

 non-implementation of laws enacted to provide

protection to women and also to achieve the
objective of equality and development;

 non-compliance of policy decisions,guidelines or

instructions aimed at mitigating hardships and
ensuring welfare and providing relief to women,
and take up the issues arising out of such matters
with appropriate authorities;
b. call for special studies or investigations into specific
problems or situations arising out of discrimination and
atrocities against women and identify the constraints so
as to recommend strategies for their removal;

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Functions of NCW
h. undertake promotional and educational
research so as to suggest ways of ensuring due
representation of women in all spheres and
identify factors responsible for impeding their
advancement, such as, lack of access to
housing and basic services, inadequate
support services and technologies for reducing
drudgery and occupational health hazards and
for increasing their productivity;
i. participate and advice on the planning
process of socio-economic development of
women;
j. evaluate the progress of the development of
women under the Union and any State;

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Functions of NCW
• referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) to be
laid before each House of Parliament along with
memorandum explaining the action taken or
proposed to be taken on the recommendations
relating to the Union and the reasons for the
non-acceptance, if any, of any such
recommendations.

• Where any such report or any part thereof

relates to any matter with which any State
Government is concerned, the Commission
shall forward an copy of such report or part to
such State Government who shall cause it to be
laid before the Legislature of the State along
with a memorandum explaining the action
taken or proposed to be taken on the
recommendations relating to the State and the
reasons for the non-acceptance,if any, of any
such recommendations.
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Functions of NCW
• The Commission shall, while investigating any matter
referred to in clause (a) or sub-clause (i) of clause (f) of
sub-section (1), have all the powers of a civil court
trying a suit and, in particular in respect of the
following matters, namely :-
a. summoning and enforcing the attendance of any
person from any part of India and examining him
on oath;
b. requiring the discovery and production of any
document;
c. receiving evidence on affidavits;
d. requisitioning any public record or copy thereof
from any court or office;
e. issuing commissions for the examination of
witnesses and documents; and
f. any other matter which may be prescribed.

•  
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Functions of NCW
•  
g. inspect or cause to inspected a jail,remand
home,women's institution or other place of custody where
women are kept as prisoners or otherwise and take up with
the concerned authorities for remedial action, if found
necessary;
h. fund litigation involving issues affecting a large body of
women;
i. make periodical reports to the Government on any matter
pertaining to women and in particular various difficulties
under which women toil;
j. any other matter which may be referred to it by Central
Government.

• The Central Government shall cause all the reports

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