INFORMATION AND

COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER SYTEMS SERVICING 9

NAJ WHIRLY JAN A. CUMLA

Subject Teacher
OBSERVE THE PICTURES BELOW AND SHARE
YOUR IDEAS ON WHAT YOU HAVE SEEN.
 OBJECTIVE:

IDENTIFIES THE BASIC PARTS

OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
WHAT IS A COMPUTER?

• A COMPUTER is an electronic device that operates

information, or data. It has the ability to store,
retrieve, and process data.
• You may already know that you can use a computer
to type documents, send email, play games, and
browse the Web.
 THREE (3) COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

1. Hardware – is the physical or tangible part of the

computer. Example: Monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
2. Software – are applications or programs that runs on
a computer. It also enables a computer to perform a
specific task. It can be seen but cannot be touch.
3. Peopleware – refers to the person that uses the
computer in the development of software and
hardware systems. This includes computer engineers,
website designers, computer technicians, software
designers and engineers, server administrators.
Two Classifications of Software:
1. Application Software – performs
specific functions like word
processing, video editing, and
internet browsing.

2. System Software – performs all the

operations the computer needs to
run. Example: Operating System
(OS) like Windows for Microsoft and
Mac OS for Apple.
 BASIC PARTS OF A
COMPUTER SYSTEM

•1. System Unit – also known as a tower of the

computer case and is the main part of the
computer system. It is made of metal or plastic
which holds the computer’s main components.
2. Monitor – also known as a computer
screen or visual display monitor. The
monitor is a standard output device in a
computer as it displays the image, video,
and text on the screen.
3. Keyboard – is the most used input
device and is divided into four parts.

(1) Alphanumeric keys

(2) Functions keys
(3) Control keys
(4) Numeric keys
4. Mouse – is a pointing
device that lets you point to
objects on the screen, select,
open a program, click a folder,
scroll, and move files around.
5. Central Processing Unit (CPU) –
is also called a processor and is
considered the brain of the computer.
The CPU controls the operation of all
the parts of the computer.
Memory – is used to
store programs and
data.

It is categorized in two:
6. Random Access Memory (RAM) – is also called the
1. primary memory main memory. It is used to store programs and data being
2. secondary memory used by the CPU in real-time. The data on the RAM can be
read, written, and erased any number of times. RAM is a
volatile memory which means once the computer shuts
down, all data stored in the memory will be lost.
7. Read – Only Memory (ROM) – it is
used primarily in the start-up process of
a computer system. ROM is a non-
volatile storage, and it does not require
constant power to retain information
stored on it. When the power is lost or
turned off, a ROM chip will keep the
data stored on it.
8. Motherboard – is the main circuit board
and one of the most essential parts of the
computer system. The motherboard connects
all of computer’s parts such as the CPU,
memory, hard drives, other ports, and
expansion cards connected to the
motherboard directly or via cables. And
because it holds all the pieces together, we
can also call the motherboard the backbone of
the computer systems.
9. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) – is a non-
volatile data storage device. HDD are
commonly used as the main storage device
on a computer. It stores your operating
and system software and other files on
your computer like photos, videos, office
files, music, so much more.
10. Power Supply Unit – is the piece of
hardware that converts the power
provided from the outlet into usable
power for the many part of your
computer.
11. Cooling Fans – is a hardware device
that keeps the overall temperature of a
computer by circulating air to or from the
computer. It is necessary because it
disperse the heat from the CPU.

Maintaining your computer’s cooling

system can increase their lives and reduce
the chance of damage to the other parts
inside your system unit.
12. Optical Disk Drive – is a type of
optical drives that reads and writes data
from optical disks through laser beam
technology. This type of drive allows a
user to retrieve , edit, and delete the
content from optical disks such as the
compact disc (CD), digital versatile
disc (DVD), and Blu-ray disc.