CHAPTER ( 1 )

Introduction: What is statistics ?

Definition of statistics :
The science of collecting, organizing, presenting,
analyzing and interpreting data to assist in making more
effective decisions.

Steps of statistics :
1) Collection data.
2) Organization & presentation data.
3) Analysis data.
4) Making a decision.
Problem
Collection
First step data

Table
Organization
& presentation Graph
data
Second step (chart)

Analysis
Third step data

Making a decision
Fourth step
 Types of statistics
Descriptive statistics Inferential statistics
The methods of The methods used to
organizing, determine
summarizing something about a
and presenting population on the
data basis of a sample

Population :
The entire set of individuals.

Sample :
A part of the population.
 Types of variables ( data )

Qualitative (Categorical) Quantitative (Numerical)

Discrete Continuous
Assume only assume any value
certain values and within a specific
there are (gaps) range
between the
values e.g.
e .g. weight
Model of car e.g. height
Type of computer No. of children age
No. of cars
 EXERCISES
Determine whether it is a qualitative variables or
a quantitative variables ( discrete – continuous )

Gender ( sex ) – Marital status.

Eye color – No. of computers.

No. of students in each section.

No of. Bedrooms in a house.

Salary – time of trip.