Technologycal University 

of Panana
Faculty of Mechanics
Presentation #1
Names: Harold Gonzales
Henry Garcia 
Teacher: Aracelys Gómez
Subject: English
 Introduction
• In this work we will talk about three topics of Automotive Mechanics that will not help to understand how
different parts that help the movement of a car work.
• 1 Bearing: In mechanics, a bearing is a component of different machines formed by one or two concentric
rings, on which the axis of a mechanism rests and rotates. Those bearings that have a system of internal
rollers are more specifically called bearings.
• 2 Couplings: A coupling is a mechanical element that joins different axes or extends the transmission line of
an axis. These axes can have a parallel direction or different planes. In any case, its purpose is to transmit
energy.
• 3 Gear: A gear is a type of mechanism that has two or more toothed wheels, which is used to transmit
mechanical power from one component to another. If the two wheels are of different sizes, the larger one is
called the crown and the smaller one is called a pinion. A gear is used to transmit circular movement through
the contact of wheels
Bearings
 Bearings
• Get ready: Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 
1- Why are bearings important? 
      A:They are important because they guide the rotating components of the
machines, reducing the friction between the shaft and the parts, thus reducing the
noise, beat, wer and energy consumption of the machinery
2-What are some different types of bearings?
      A:Suitable types of bearing include: a) Deep grove ball bearings. b) Self-
aligning ball bearings.  c) Spherical roller bearings  d) Pairs of angular contact ball
bearings or tapered roller bearings.
 Reading
• 2- Read the poster. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or False(F).
   1F       Rolling contact bearings have a lubricated sleeve.
    2 T     A tapered roller bearing is a type of rolling contact bearing.
    3T       Journal bearings can carry a heavy load.
1. D Ball bearing 
Vocabulary
2. F Trust roller bearing
3. A Tapered roller bearing 
4. B  Straight roller bearing 
5.  G Axial
6. H  Radial
7. C  Journal bearing
8. E  Rolling contact 
A A a bearing that uses cone-shaped rollers
-B a bearing that uses metal cylinders
C a bearing that uses a lubricated tube
D any bearing that uses rolling parts to support
and direct motion
E a bearing that uses metal spheres
F a bearing that uses barrel-shaped rollers
G related to movement along an axis
- H related to movement across an axis
Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word or phrase best fits each
blank 
1 inner race/ outer race 
A The inner race rotates with the shaft.
B The outer race remains stationary relative to the shaft.

2 sleeve/ bearing 
A The blockage stopped the shaft from moving throught the sleeve.
B The engineer needs a different type of bearing for radial motion.
Couplings 
Get ready 
• 1 Before you read the passage talk about these questions.
  1- What are couplings used for ?
    A: Mechanical couplings are devices used to connect Two or more
sofating, elements, soch as shalts, shafts, or moving parts, to
transmot power and rodation. 
      2- What are some different types of couplings?
       A: Types of rigid couplings: sleeve coupling Rigid plate coupling
split sleeve coupling flexible couplings Example of types of flexible
couplings: Metallic flexible couplings: disc couplings Movable elastic
coupling with zig-zag flat spring chain coupling toothed coupling
• Reading: 
2- Read the textbook excerpt. Then, mark the following statements as true(T) or false(F).

1 F The input shaft transmits power towards the power source.

2 T Sleeve-style couplings can reduce wear on a machine.

3 T Flexible couplings allow for slight misalignment.
 • Vocabulary 
3- Match the words or phrases (1-7) with the
definitions (A-G).

1 E. offset
2  F coupling
3 A transmit
4  G beam coupling
5 C input shaft 
6  B output shaft
7  D  sleeve-style coupling

A to move something from one place to another

B a machine part that sends power to its destination
C a machine part that receives power from the
power source
D a rigid connector that holds parts together within a
metal tube
E the state of being out of alignment
F a piece of hardware that connects two machine
parts together
G a flexible connector cut from one solid piece of
material
• 4-  Read the sentence pairs. Choose the sentence that uses the underlined part correctly.

1 A) A rigid object cannot bend or change shape.

B) To transmit energy is to receive it.
2 A) A coupling is used to separate two or more shafts.
B) A flexible coupling allows for misalignment.
3- A) Offset is the state of being perfectly in line.
B) To align two objects is to bring them in line with each other.
Gears 
• Get ready 
1.  Before you read the passage, talk about
these questions.
1 What are some different types of gears?
A: There are Five types of básic gears classified according
to their design: Spur, Helical, Bevel, Screw and Hypoid.

2 What is the purpose of a rack and pinion gear?

A: The Rack Pinion-Mechanism allows to transform the
rotational movement of the rack or voice versa the
operation is similar to that of a simple gear, therefore, the
rack and pinion must have the same pitch and the same
module.
• Reading
2- Read the encyclopedia entry. Then, complete the table.

Type Of Gear Features

1. Spur Gear Has teeth projecting towards or away

from the center 

Helical Gear 2. Mesh More smoothly then spur gears.

Rack and Pinion Gear 3. Serve this purpose

• Vocabulary 
B-  Match the words or phrases (1-6) with the definitions (A-F).
1. C. worm gear 
2. D.  mesh
3. A. tooth
4. F.  worm
5. B.  pinion
6. E.  spur gear
A- a regular protrusion cut into a gear
B- the driving gear of a gearset
C- a gear that meshes with a screw-like gear
D-  to come together and interlock
E- a gear with teeth that project radially
F-  a type of gear with one continuous tooth
• Reading 
Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word best fits each blank.
1.  rack / gear
A- A gear is usually a round part with teeth.
B- A rack. and pinion turns rotational motion into linear motion.
2. helical gear / bevel gear
A- A bevel gear meets its partner at an angle, usually 90°.
B- A helical gear has teeth that are cutin a spiral pattern.
 Vocabulary 
1. Bearings(Rodamiento):  a part of a machine that supports another part that turns around
2. Rolling contact(Contacto rodante) : is usually bearings, either balls or rods, rolling over the coated surface.
3. Ball bearing(Rodamiento de bolas): is a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the separation between
the bearing races.
4. Axial: Of the axis or related to it.
5. Radial : Having its various parts arranged around a point or an axis
6. Couplings(Acoplamiento): is a device used to connect two shafts together at their ends for the purpose of transmitting
power.
7. Input shaft(eje de entrada):  the input shaft must be enclosed in a protective casing fixed to the machinery.
8. Beam couplings(Acoplamiento de viga):  connect rotating shafts and accommodate axial motion and parallel or angular
shaft misalignment. 
9. Gears(engranajes): a device, often consisting of connecting sets of wheels with teeth (spikes) around the edge, that
controls the amount of power from an engine.
10. Rack and Pinion Gear(Engranaje de Cremallera y piñón):  A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a
circular gear (the pinion) engaging a linear gear (the rack).
11. Thrust roller bearings(Rodamiento de rodillo de confianza): use barrel-shaped rollers. They support thrust motion.
12. Journal bearings(Rodamiento de diario): have no rolling partes. The shaft rotates inside a lubricantes sleeve instead.
Load-carrying capacity: HIGH.
13. Tapered roller bearings(Rodamiento de rodillo cónico): use conical rollers. They support radial forces anda moderate
thrust forces.
14. Sleeve-style coupling(acoplamiento estilo manga)
15. Bevel gear(Engranaje biselados): A bevel gear is a type of gear in which the axes of rotation of the two
interlocking crowns intersect and whose teeth have a conical shape. Bevel gears are most often mounted on
shafts that form 90 degrees, but can also be designed to work at other angles. Its step surface is a cone.
16. Helical gear(Engranaje helicoidal): It is a type of gear characterized by having two cylindrical gear wheels
with an inclined toothing so that the teeth follow a cylindrical helical path.
17. Tooth(Piñón): They are the ones that carry out the pushing effort and transmit the power from the driving
axles to the driven axles.
18.Offset(contrapesa)
19.Output shaft(eje de salida): The shaft that transmits power from the engine to the wheels is the secondary
shaft or output shaft.
20.Spur gear(Engranaje de espuela)
 Conclusion 
• In this project we learned different types of bearings, couplings and gears such as:
• Bearings : Rolling Contact , ball bearings , straight roller bearings , tapered roller
bearings , Thrust roller bearings and Journal bearings.
• Couplings: Beam couplings , rigid couplings, output Shaft.
• Gears: Worm, Tooth, gear, helical gear, rack and bevel gear
• And we also understood how important it is to know their meaning and function
for a good handling of those parts of the car.
 Bibliography
Dooley, Jenny, Evans, Virginia, kern, Joshua, Mechanical Engineering.
Express Publishing. Units(2,3,4) Book # 1.
Thanks For You
Atention