GIS COMPONENTS

DR. SITI ZALEHA DAUD

GIS IS ABOUT DATA..

GUESS WHAT SHOULD

WE PREPARED FOR
PROCESSING THE
DATA?
 BASIC
COMPONENTS
OF GIS
HARDWARE

 Hardware components consist of computers to run software and other

peripherals such as server, digitizer, scanner, plotter, and printer
SOFTWARE
 Software is basically any computer program that is written to
process data
 GIS software comprises computer algorithms that handle both
spatial and non-spatial data.
 WHAT
SOFTWARE WE
SHOULD USED
 Four key sub-components, namely data input and
TO PROCESS GIS manipulate; database management system
DATA?
(DBMS); query, analysis, and visualization; and a
graphical user interface (GUI).
 WHAT IS
DATA GEOGRAPHICA
L DATA?

It describes object from the real world in terms of:

 Their spatial location and extension with respect to a
known coordinate system.
 Their attributes that are unrelated to position.
 Their spatial interrelations with each other.
 GIS data consist of multiple layers of information and
each layer corresponds to a particular theme.
SPATIAL & ATTRIBUTES DATA
Spatial Data

Spatial data
 Contains the geographic location of
Attributes Data
features and boundaries on Earth, such
as natural or constructed features, oceans,
road and more.

Attribute data
 The descriptive data that links to the
map features. It provides information
/detail pertaining to the features on map.
DATA SOURCES
 There are two main categories
of data sources:

Existing Data
Sources

Data Acquisition
PEOPLE & INSTITUTION

 GIS institutional set-up :

 GIS unit 
 GIS department
 GIS institute 

 GIS people 
 GIS developers
 GIS users
 METHODS, POLICIES, PROCEDURES &
INFRASTRUCTURE

 Plan and Rules 

 Models 
 Operating practices  

 GIS Technology 
 Interest and willingness of decision-makers
 Matching the GIS needs to the functionality
 WHAT DID
YOU LEARN
FOR TODAY
LECTURE?