A SEMINAR ON

NOISE AND VIBRATION

BY
ABHISHEK V GOWDA
4MC17AU003
CONTENT

• INTRODUCTION
• NOISE AND VIBRATION
• SOURCES OF NOISE AND VIBRATION
• NOISE AND VIBRATION TARGET
• EFFECTS OF NOISE AND VIBRATION
• REDUCTION OF NOISE AND VIBRATION
• ADVANTAGES OF REDUCING NOISE AND VIBRATION
• CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION

The prime factors governing the automobile industry today are that of safety,
efficiency and above all the comfort, a lot of research has gone to meet the above
objectives. The noise, vibration and harshness also plays a major role in the
automobiles. Reducing noise, vibration and harshness generated in vehicles is a
major priority within the automotive industry as these give a greater comfort to the
rider or passengers. Many researches are going on in order to minimize the noise
and vibration as much as possible.
NOISE AND VIBRATION

Weight reduction of automobile is necessary in improving

the efficiency but this would worsen the noise
vibration and harshness (NVH) characteristics of the
vehicle, resulting in bad ride comfort. On the other hand,
use of damping materials to improve the noise and
vibration characteristics would increase the weight of the
vehicles resulting in poor efficiency.

Unwanted sound regarded as noise. Vibration is typically

felt rather than heard, and tends to be low frequency.
SOURCES OF NOISE AND VIBRATIONS

• ROAD NOISE:
Tyers in automobile are designed with certain thread pattern, so
that they provide adequate traction to the vehicle for motion. The
pockets in the thread suck in air into the space between the road
and the tyer thread, and throw out the air from the pockets while
the tyer is rotating. When the vehicle speed increases the
frequency of the sucking and throwing out of the air from the
thread pocket also increase. This phenomenon produces the high
frequency tyer noise one hears when the vehicle is moving at
high speed. Apart from the thread air pocket noise, the sidewall
vibration of a tyer in motion also produces noise.
• WIND NOISE:
When the automobile is in motion, there is a relative motion
between the air which is impacting the vehicle and the
vehicle body. This air at high speed also tries to force into
the passenger cavity through the gaps between the door and
the frame through the windshield and other seals. This noise
is again high frequency in nature and is predominantly air-
borne. The wind noise thus heard in the vehicle interior
increases with increase with the increase vehicle speed.
• POWER TRAIN NOISE:
The noise from the engine is mainly due to the combustion process,
which in turn is radiated by the engine components like the cylinder
block, valve cover, timing chain cover, oil sump and so on. The
turbo charge which is driven by the exhaust noise also produces a
high frequency noise. In large engines the volume of air which is
sucked into the inlet manifold during every cycle of the engine while
in operation is also a major source of induction noise. The radiated
noise also increases with the increase in the engine speed. The gear
box housing and flywheel cover are also responsible for radiating
the low frequency noise. The exhaust noise which one hears from an
automobile is due to opening and closing of the exhaust valve in
every cycle of the engine.
 NOISE AND VIBRATION TARGET
• NOISE LEVELS IN AUTOMOBILE:

An automobile designer has to keep two

important parameters in mind while designing for
noise levels in a vehicle. First, the interior noise
level as heard by the passengers/drivers has to be
the minimum, since every other manufacturer is
putting in efforts to keep the interior noise level
as low as possible. Secondly, there are regulation
in place as to hoe much exterior sound from the
vehicle as a whole can be heard by a bystander
away from the vehicle. There are international
standards to measure the pass by noise levels for
two wheelers and four wheelers.
• VIBRATION LEVELS IN AUTOMOBILES:

The rider and handling characteristics of vehicles are

evaluated by the vibration levels at all the touch points like,
seat vibration, pedal vibration, steering vibration and rear
view mirror shake.

There are OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health

Administration) standards as to the permissible limit of the
vibration a human being can be subjected to. However, again
because of global competition, vehicle manufacturers try to
minimize the vibration levels at these evaluation points to
make a better product, with minimum amount of vibration.
EFFECTS OF NOISE AND VIBRATION

There are many effects from noise and vibration in an automobile some of them are:
• Damage the body parts and chassis
• It causes noise pollution
• Less life span
• Tiers of the vehicle wear out fast
• Uncomfortableness
• Health issues
• Quality of the vehicle decreases
• Less safety and security
 REDUCTION OF NOISE AND VIBRATION

Some of the common methods to reduces the noise and vibration in an automobile are
• Using anti-vibrating mountings
• Using dampers
• Correct weight distribution throughout the vehicle
• Proper aerodynamic design of the vehicle
• Using sound absorbing materials
ADVANTAGES AFTER REDUCING NOISE & VIBRATION

There are many advantages of reducing NVH. But some are listed below:-
 It improves vehicle quality.
 Mechanical parts life can be increased.
 Vehicle’s weight-saving increases fuel economy.
 Quality drives can be achieved.
 Safety and security are also enhanced.
 Reduce noise pollutions.
 Improves sound quality reduces human fatigue.
 Performance, handling and overall styling can be enhanced.
CONCLUSION

As we know that researches are going on to reduce noise vibration and harshness in
the vehicle. There has been significant breakthroughs in this field and further
improvements are coming on. Development engineering are expanding considerable effort
to eliminate or reduce noise sources and determine their transmission path so the coupling
of these sources to chassis modes can be eliminated. As an automobile engineers we should
try to give maximum comfort to the passengers and riders.
THANK YOU