POLLUTION IN

AFRICA
P R E S E N T E D B Y: A R N A U D B E D I
SUMMARY

• INTRODUCTION
• I-DEFINITION
• II-CLASSIFICATION
• III-CAUSES
• IV-EFFECTS
• CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION (1/2)

• United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP):

Pollution

Why Pollution in Africa? : -The continent where we live

-Most affected
INTRODUCTION (2/2)

• Air pollution second risk factor for death in Africa ( Report from an US
organization HEI: Health Effects Institute).

• Pollution was responsible for 1.1 million deaths in 2019 in Africa.

I-DEFINITIONS

• Pollution = Introduction of a harmful substance or energy in a naturel

environment.

• Pollutant: substance or energy Pollutes the environment.

II-CLASIFFICATION (1/5)

• Many types of pollutions classify them in three (03) groups:

– Air pollution
– Water pollution
– Land pollution.
II-CLASIFFICATION (2/5)

• Air pollution
II-CLASIFFICATION (3/5)

• Water pollution
II-CLASIFFICATION (4/5)

• Land pollution
II-CLASIFFICATION (5/5)

• Other pollutions:

– Noise pollution

– Light pollution

– Radioactive pollution…
III-CAUSES (1/9)
• A-Human activities
• 1-Fossil fuels
• -Non renewable sources of energy (Ex: coal, natural gas, petrol…)
• -Mean source of energy for the world (80% global energy).
• -One thing in common Have to be burnt to provide energy. Matter.
III-CAUSES (2/9)

• 2-Industrial activities
-Many factories in Africa
III-CAUSES (3/9)

• 3-Agriculture
• The main economic activity in Africa
• Unfortunately this activity is harmful for the environment:
III-CAUSES (4/9)

• 4-Mining
• Huge economic activity in Africa
• Africa owns gold, diamond…
III-CAUSES (5/9)

• 5-Urbanization
• Africa has the fastest urban growth in the world.
• African’s population is the youngest in the world.
III-CAUSES (6/9)

6-Corruption.
III-CAUSES (7/9)

• B-Natural causes

• Volcanoes
III-CAUSES (8/9)

• Dust storms
III-CAUSES (9/9)

• Forest fire
IV-EFFECTS (1/2)

• 1-Diseases

– Respiratory diseases

– Skin diseases

– Other…
IV-EFFECTS (2/2)

• 2-Globale warming (flooding, drought)

• 3-Ozone layer depletion

• 4-Destruction of biodiversity

• 5-Acidic rains

• 6-Economical effects
V-SOLUTIONS (1/2)

• 1-Clean sources of energy ( sand, wind)

• 2-Conservation of energy.

• 3-Public transportation

• 4-Waste recycling
V-SOLUTIONS (2/2)

• 5-Regulate industry activities

• 6-Education (farmers)

• 7-Fight the ilegal mining

• 8-Afforestation.
CONCLUSION (I/2)

• Pollution is a critical issue for Africa

• Africa is facing a lot of challenges to protect its environment again pollution.

• It’s not too late Many solutions.

• We just have to act now.

CONCLUSION (I/2)