Surzhyk.

Typology and
linguistic
characteristics
 TODAY'S 1 Introduction

OBJ ECTIVE
S 2 Etymology of
Surzhyk

3 History of
Surzhyk

4 Typology of
Surzhyk
 Introductio
n

In Ukraine the term surzhyk

may be simply translated as
"impure language", usually
meaning a mixture of
Ukrainian and Russian.
 Etymology of
Surzhyk
Podvesko. 1962: The term surzhyk originally meant
a mixture of wheat and rye flour, which is
considered a lower grade flour.

Hrinchenko's dictionary (1909): (I) surzhyk is mixed

grains or flour made thereof: (2) a person of mixed
race: "This is surzhyk: the father was a gypsy, the
mother was a girl from our village."

The 1978 II-volume dictionary of Ukrainian: defines

surzhyk as elements of two or more languages,
united artificially, not following the norms of
literary language, impure language.
HISTORY
OF
SURZHYK
 TYPOLOGY
: of Language Interaction" (Auer
according to "Typology
1999)

Codeswitching (CS) where language alternation is

chosen by speakers for a clear pragmatic function.

Language Mixing (LM), where language alternation is not

obligatory but it does not serve a pragmatic function

Fused Lects (FL), in which language alternation has

become grammaticalized and obligatory.
 TYPOLOGY
The five :
major categories of Surzhyk:

1.Urbanized peasant surzhyk

2. Village dialect-surzhyk

3. Sovietized-Ukrainian surzhyk

4. Urban bilinguals' surzhyk

5. Post-independence surzhyk

"A typology of surzhyk: Mixed Ukrainian-Russian language" - Bilaniuk

Laada
 CATEGORY 1:
URBANIZED PEASANT
SURZHYK:
working class - 19th to present
 CATEGORY 2: VI LLAGE
DIALECT-SURZHYK:
19th to present

Village dialects that appear to contain features of both Ukrainian

and Russian constitute the second category in this typology. These
are also Fused Lects, but spoken by villagers in rural areas. This
category is contemporaneous with the previous category,
beginning in the 19th century, increasing as villagers had more
contact with Russian-speakers.
 CATEGORY 3:
SOVIETIZED-
UKRAINIAN SURZHYK:
1930s to present

Sovietized-Ukrainian surzhyk is an institutionally created Fused

Lect, a result of the Stalinist and later Soviet projects of
eradicating national differences. As a rule, forms closer to or
identical to Russian were promoted in dictionaries and grammar
books.
CATEGORY 4: URBAN
BILINGUALS'
SURZHYK
Soviet/post soviet period
CATEGORY 5: POST-
INDEPENDENCE
SURZHYK:
Post soviet period
 CONCLUSION
:
Etymology: surzhyk is the element of two or more languages,
united together, not following the norms of literary language,
impure language.
History: Russian effort to bring Ukrainian closer or similar to Russian
involved the rewriting of dictionaries and orthographic standards.The
influence of Russian was not limited to terminology. The social
prestige of Russian fostered the spread of Russian phonological,
lexical, and syntactic influences in everyday Ukrainian usage.

1.Urbanized peasant surzhyk

2. Village dialect-surzhyk
Main types of 3. Sovietized-Ukrainian
surzhyk: surzhyk
4. Urban bilinguals' surzhyk
5. Post-independence
MORE EXAMPLES OF
SURZHYK

You look so beautiful

Яка ти гарна =
сьогоднı today You're so beautiful
today
MORE EXAMPLES OF
SURZHYK - І це ви всı... В напрямку мрıї лягли чи
що?
- Ну так

-And that's all of you... Are you lying down in

the direction of your dream?
- Yes
MORE EXAMPLES OF
SURZHYK - Дуже шкода
- Хоча, не дуже

- It's a pity
- Although, not
really
MORE EXAMPLES OF
SURZHYK - Котра година?

- What's the
time?
THANKS FOR
YOUR
ATTENTION!