Scribd
Upload
558 views12 pages

Presentation1 Physics

This document discusses phase velocity and group velocity. It defines phase velocity as the velocity at which a point of constant phase of a wave propagates. Group velocity is defined as the velocity at which the envelope or maximum amplitude of a wave group propagates. Analytical derivations show that for non-dispersive media, phase velocity equals group velocity, but in dispersive media phase velocity is greater than group velocity due to wavelength dependence.

Uploaded by

R P Srivastav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
558 views12 pages

Presentation1 Physics

This document discusses phase velocity and group velocity. It defines phase velocity as the velocity at which a point of constant phase of a wave propagates. Group velocity is defined as the velocity at which the envelope or maximum amplitude of a wave group propagates. Analytical derivations show that for non-dispersive media, phase velocity equals group velocity, but in dispersive media phase velocity is greater than group velocity due to wavelength dependence.

Uploaded by

R P Srivastav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Phase Velocity & Group Velocity -:

Analytical treatment for group velocity & relation


between phase & group velocity..
Presented by - RISHABH SRIVASTAV
1802369
Mechanical Branch (A-6)..
Phase Velocity -:
The velocity of a propagation of wave is the velocity with which a
displacement of given phase move forward. It is also called phase
velocity or wave velocity.
Group Velocity :-
The group velocity(Vg) may be defined as velocity with which
the maximum amplitude of the wave group moves.
Derivation of phase velocity -:
A plane simple harmonic wave travelling along a +ve x-direction is
represented by x
  y  a sin( (t  )- - - - - (1)
v
where y is the displacement of a particle at time 't' at a
distance x from the origin, 'v' is the velocity of the wave &
  2 is the angular frequency. The phase of the wave is
given by x
   (t  )
v
Again, since phase is constant with respect to time,
d 1 dx
  (1  )0
dt v dt (  0)
 dx 
   v
 dt 
 dx 
Vp    - - - - - (2)
 dt 
Equation-2 represents the velocity wih which the displacement of
the wave move and is termed as phase velocity.
 x 
y  a sin   t  
 Vp 
 x  
y  a sin   t   k 
 Vp  Vp
y  a sin  t  kx 


Vp 
k
• Vp in a non despersive medium is independent of wavelength,
dVp
 0
d
• Vp in a dispersive medium is varies with wavelength,

dVp
 0
d
Analytical expression for Group velocity -:
A group of waves is formed by the superposition of two
infinite trends of wave of same amplitude but of slightly
different wavelength which travel simultaneously in the same
direction along the same straight line.
now y can be written as
 x 
y  a sin   t 
 
 Vp 

 x  
y  a sin   t   Vp 
 Vp  k
y  a sin  t  kx 
At, t = 0, & x = 0
A will be maximum, In this limit x 
1
 (t   kx) = 0 i.e 
2
t k
k  0
 d

k dk
d
 Vg
dk
• Vp in a non despersive medium is independent of wavelength,
dVp
 0
d

Vp = Vg
• Vp in a dispersive medium is varies with wavelength,
dVp
 0
d

Vp > Vg

You might also like