WHAT IS ATMOSPEHERE?

The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds a planet, held in place by
the planet's gravity. It is the protective blanket of air that envelops the Earth,
providing the necessary conditions for life to exist. The Earth's atmosphere is
composed primarily of nitrogen (about 78%), oxygen (about 21%), and traces of
other gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and argon, as well as various
pollutants.
Eclips
e
Eclips
e
Learning Objectives
Describe Lunar and Solar eclipse

Differentiate the types of Lunar and

solar eclipses
Explain how these eclipses
occur, and the differences
between them
Recognize the importance of safety
during eclipse observations.
 Let's Discuss Shadows
First
Shadows are the dark shapes that are
made when something blocks the light
from a bright source, like the Sun or a
lamp.

When an object gets in the way of the

light, it creates a shadow on the
surface behind it. Shadows look
darker because they don't have as
much light as the areas around them.
Types of Shadows
Umbra

Penumbra

Antumbra
 Antumbra
A lighter shadow
surrounded by a darker
region, observed during

Umbra Penumbra
certain conditions like
solar eclipses.

The darkest part of a The penumbra can be

shadow where the light seen as the partially
source is completely shaded area surrounding
blocked. the umbra.
 What is an
Eclipse?
An eclipse is a special event that
occurs when one celestial body
passes through the shadow of
another celestial body.

The most common types of eclipses

we observe here on Earth are solar
eclipses and lunar eclipses.
 ECLIPSE TRIVIAS
 A solar eclipses always occurs two weeks before after a lunar
eclipse.
 Lunar eclipses can occur up to three times a year.
 Solar eclipses always occur between two and five times a year.
Often , these eclipses are unnoticed because they only pass over a
small portion earth. Minutes.
 The longest duration for a solar eclipses is seven and a half.
 The element helium was discovered during a solar eclipse in
1868. A French scientist PIERRE JANSEEN , noticed a peculiar
yellow line , with a wavelength of 587.49 nanometer, while
 Solar Partial Solar Eclipse

Eclipse
A solar eclipse happens when the
moon passes between the Earth Annular Solar
and the sun, blocking the Eclipse
sunlight from reaching certain
areas on Earth.
Total Solar
During a solar eclipse, the moon Eclipse
casts a shadow onto the Earth's
surface. There are three types of
solar eclipses.
What happen during Solar Eclipse?
.
 Partial Solar Eclipse
In a partial solar eclipse, the moon blocks only a part of the sun, creating a crescent
shape. This happens when the observer is not in the path of totality but still sees a
portion of the sun covered by the moon.

Sun, Moon, and Earth This is what you see from

interplay earth.
 Total Solar Eclipse
In a total solar eclipse, the moon completely covers the sun, and the sky becomes
dark. People in the path of totality, where the moon's shadow falls, can see the sun's
outer atmosphere, called the corona.

Sun, Moon, and Earth This is what you see from

interplay earth.
 Annular Solar Eclipse
An annular solar eclipse occurs when the moon is farther from the Earth and appears
smaller. During this eclipse, the moon doesn't fully cover the sun, leaving a ring of
sunlight visible around its edges.

Sun, Moon, and Earth This is what you see from

interplay earth.
GEOMETRY OF SOLAR
ECLIPSE
 Lunar Partial Lunar
Eclipse

Eclipse
A lunar eclipse occurs when the
earth comes between the sun and Total Lunar
the moon and the earth's shadow Eclipse
falls on the moon.

There are three types of lunar

Penumbral Lunar
eclipses: total lunar eclipses,
Eclipse
partial lunar eclipses, and
penumbral lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipse – caused by earth
‘s shadow covering the moon.
 Moon is in a a full moon
position.
 Large numbers of people can
see
 Occurs at night
What happen during Lunar Eclipse?
 Partial Lunar Eclipse
During a partial lunar eclipse, only a part of the moon moves through Earth's shadow,
so it appears partially darkened.

Sun, Moon, and Earth This is what you see from

interplay earth.
 Total Lunar Eclipse
In a total lunar eclipse, the Earth completely blocks the sunlight from reaching the
moon. The moon appears reddish or orange because some sunlight passes through
Earth's atmosphere and gets bent.

Sun, Moon, and Earth This is what you see from

interplay earth.
 Penumbral Lunar
In a penumbral lunar eclipse, the moon passes through the Earth's outer shadow called

Eclipse
the penumbra. This type of eclipse is subtle, and the moon may appear slightly
dimmer.

Sun, Moon, and Earth This is what you see from

interplay earth.
GEOMETRY OF LUNAR
ECLIPSES
 GEOMETRY OF
LUNAR ECLIPSE
.
 Eclipse Safety
Remember, observing eclipses requires proper precautions. Use
approved solar filters or indirect viewing methods to protect your
eyes during solar eclipses.
ACTIVITY:1

The teacher divide the students into 2 groups to make a model in LUNAR AND SOLAR Eclipses.
The teachers provide a material for model of the earth ( globe), Model of the moon ( Small pingpong ball) , and model
of the sun ( flash light / lamp) both solar and Lunar eclipse.
Instructions
 Its each group should position the earth between the sun and the moon to represent the different phases of the
moon. Partial, Total and Penumbral lunar eclipses ( Lunar Eclipse).
 Its each group they should position the earth and moon at different distances from the sun to represent various
phases of the moon. ( Partial, Annular and Total Solar eclipse.)
 Observe the shadow created by the moon on the earth model when solar eclipse.
 Observe the shadow created by the earth on the moon model when Lunar eclipse.
 Each group should discuss their output based on the activity you do.

Scoring Rubrics:
Demonstrations /Understanding about solar / lunar eclipse – 10 pts
Explanation – 15 pts
Accuracy – 5pts
Total = 30 points
What did you learn?
What are the three types of shadows we
discussed?
Can you explain the difference between a
total solar eclipse and a partial solar
eclipse?
How does a lunar eclipse differ from a
solar eclipse?
Why is it important to use proper safety
measures during an eclipse?
Resource Page